Magnesium: Biochemistry, Nutrition, Detection, and Social Impact of Diseases Linked to Its Deficiency

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 1136 - 1136

Published: March 30, 2021

Magnesium plays an important role in many physiological functions. Habitually low intakes of magnesium and general the deficiency this micronutrient induce changes biochemical pathways that can increase risk illness and, particular, chronic degenerative diseases. The assessment status is consequently great importance, however, its evaluation difficult. measurement serum concentration most commonly used readily available method for assessing status, even if levels have no reliable correlation with total body or concentrations specific tissues. Therefore, review offers overview recent insights into from multiple perspectives. Starting a point view, it aims at highlighting due to insufficient uptake (frequently content modern western diet), suggesting strategies reach recommended dietary reference values, focusing on importance detecting pathological various districts, order counteract social impact diseases linked deficiency.

Language: Английский

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TRP (transient receptor potential) ion channel family: structures, biological functions and therapeutic interventions for diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: July 5, 2023

Abstract Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are sensors for a variety of cellular and environmental signals. Mammals express total 28 different TRP channel proteins, which can be divided into seven subfamilies based on amino acid sequence homology: TRPA (Ankyrin), TRPC (Canonical), TRPM (Melastatin), TRPML (Mucolipin), TRPN (NO-mechano-potential, NOMP), TRPP (Polycystin), TRPV (Vanilloid). They class ion found in numerous tissues cell types permeable to wide range cations such as Ca 2+ , Mg Na + K others. responsible various sensory responses including heat, cold, pain, stress, vision taste activated by number stimuli. Their predominantly location the surface, their interaction with physiological signaling pathways, unique crystal structure make TRPs attractive drug targets implicate them treatment diseases. Here, we review history discovery, summarize structures functions family, highlight current understanding role pathogenesis human disease. Most importantly, describe channel-related therapeutic interventions diseases limitations targeting clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Magnesium Disorders

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 390(21), P. 1998 - 2009

Published: June 5, 2024

This review focuses on recent discoveries in how magnesium functions the body, concentrating hypomagnesemia, most common clinical disorder. Hypermagnesemia is rare and seen mainly patients with kidney disease.

Language: Английский

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Metal Ion Signaling in Biomedicine

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Complex multicellular organisms are composed of distinct tissues involving specialized cells that can perform specific functions, making such life forms possible. Species defined by their genomes, and differences between individuals within a given species directly result from variations in genetic codes. While alterations give rise to disease-causing acquisitions cell identities, it is now well-established biochemical imbalances also lead cellular dysfunction diseases. Specifically, nongenetic chemical events orchestrate metabolism transcriptional programs govern functional identity. Thus, signaling, which broadly defines the conversion extracellular signals into intracellular changes, contribute acquisition diseased states. Metal ions exhibit unique properties be exploited cell. For instance, metal maintain ionic balance cell, coordinate amino acid residues or nucleobases altering folding function biomolecules, catalyze reactions. metals essential signaling effectors normal physiology disease. Deciphering ion challenging endeavor illuminate pathways targeted for therapeutic intervention. Here, we review key processes where play roles describe how targeting has been instrumental dissecting biochemistry this led development effective strategies.

Language: Английский

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Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 cation channel, magnesium and cell metabolism in vascular health and disease

Acta Physiologica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 241(2)

Published: Jan. 12, 2025

Abstract Preserving the balance of metabolic processes in endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle (VSMCs), is crucial for optimal function integrity. ECs are metabolically active depend on aerobic glycolysis to efficiently produce energy their essential functions, which include regulating tone. Impaired EC metabolism linked damage, increased permeability inflammation. Metabolic alterations VSMCs also contribute dysfunction atherosclerosis hypertension. Magnesium (Mg 2+ ) second most abundant intracellular divalent cation influences molecular that regulate function, including vasodilation, vasoconstriction, release vasoactive substances. Mg critically involved maintaining cellular homeostasis since it an cofactor ATP, nucleic acids hundreds enzymes processes. Low levels have been dysfunction, tone, inflammation arterial remodeling. Growing evidence indicates important role transient receptor potential melastatin‐subfamily member 7 (TRPM7) channel regulation VSMCs. In vasculature, TRPM7 deficiency leads impaired contraction, phenotypic switching VSMCs, fibrosis, characterize phenotype Here we provide a comprehensive overview TRPM7/Mg how VSMC such as glucose homeostasis, redox regulation, phosphoinositide signaling, mineral metabolism. The putative altered hypertension discussed.

Language: Английский

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Magnesium and Drugs

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 20(9), P. 2094 - 2094

Published: April 28, 2019

Several drugs including diuretics and proton-pump inhibitors can cause magnesium loss hypomagnesemia. Magnesium use the same transport metabolism pathways in body for their intestinal absorption, metabolism, elimination. This means that when one or more drug is taken, there always a potential risk of interaction with status. Consequently action may be adversely affected by (e.g., magnesium, calcium, zinc interfere gastrointestinal absorption tetracycline antibiotics) simultaneously physiological function minerals such as impaired induce renal loss). Given ever-increasing number on market frequency which they are used, greater attention must paid daily medical pharmaceutical practice focused particular adverse effects therapy status order to minimize health patients.

Language: Английский

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Magnesium and the Brain: A Focus on Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 223 - 223

Published: Dec. 23, 2022

Magnesium (Mg) is involved in the regulation of metabolism and maintenance homeostasis all tissues, including brain, where it harmonizes nerve signal transmission preserves integrity blood–brain barrier. Mg deficiency contributes to systemic low-grade inflammation, common denominator most diseases. In particular, neuroinflammation hallmark neurodegenerative disorders. Starting from a rapid overview on role magnesium this narrative review provides evidences linking derangement balance with multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s

Language: Английский

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Structural and functional comparison of magnesium transporters throughout evolution

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 79(8)

Published: July 12, 2022

Abstract Magnesium (Mg 2+ ) is the most prevalent divalent intracellular cation. As co-factor in many enzymatic reactions, Mg essential for protein synthesis, energy production, and DNA stability. Disturbances concentrations, therefore, unequivocally result delayed cell growth metabolic defects. To maintain physiological levels, all organisms rely on balanced influx efflux via channels transporters. This review compares structure function of prokaryotic transporters their eukaryotic counterparts. In prokaryotes, cellular homeostasis orchestrated CorA, MgtA/B, MgtE, CorB/C For CorB/C, motifs that form selectivity pore are conserved during evolution. These findings suggest CNNM proteins, vertebrate orthologues also have transport capacity. Whereas CorA proteins share gross quaternary functional properties with respective orthologues, MgtE channel only shares SLC41 Na + /Mg eukaryotes, TRPM6 TRPM7 provide an additional mechanism, consisting a fusion kinase. The unique features these TRP allow integration hormonal, cellular, transcriptional regulatory pathways determine Our demonstrates understanding magnesiotropic aids our basic transport.

Language: Английский

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TRPM channels in health and disease

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 175 - 187

Published: Oct. 18, 2023

Language: Английский

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Calcium signalling pathways in prostate cancer initiation and progression

Nature Reviews Urology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(9), P. 524 - 543

Published: March 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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