Relating the Biogenesis and Function of P Bodies in Drosophila to Human Disease DOI Open Access
Elise L. Wilby, Timothy T Weil

Genes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 1675 - 1675

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Drosophila has been a premier model organism for over century and many discoveries in flies have furthered our understanding of human disease. Flies successfully applied to aspects health-based research spanning from behavioural addiction, dysplasia, RNA dysregulation protein misfolding. Recently, tissues used study biomolecular condensates their role multicellular systems. Identified wide range plant animal species, are dynamic, non-membrane-bound sub-compartments that observed characterised the cytoplasm nuclei cell types. Condensate biology exciting prospects because diverse roles within cells, links disease, potential therapeutics. In this review, we will discuss processing bodies (P bodies), conserved condensate, with particular interest how can be advance condensate biogenesis

Language: Английский

Drosophila Innate Immunity Involves Multiple Signaling Pathways and Coordinated Communication Between Different Tissues DOI Creative Commons

Shichao Yu,

Fangzhou Luo,

Yongyi Xu

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: July 7, 2022

The innate immune response provides the first line of defense against invading pathogens, and disorders cause a variety diseases. fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster employs multiple reactions to resist infection. First, epithelial tissues function as physical barriers prevent pathogen invasion. In addition, macrophage-like plasmatocytes eliminate intruders through phagocytosis, lamellocytes encapsulate large particles, such wasp eggs, that cannot be phagocytosed. Regarding humoral responses, fat body, equivalent mammalian liver, secretes antimicrobial peptides into hemolymph, killing bacteria fungi. has been shown powerful in vivo model for studying mechanism immunity host-pathogen interactions because higher organisms share conserved signaling pathways factors. Moreover, ease with which genetic physiological characteristics can manipulated prevents interference by adaptive immunity. this review, we discuss activated immunity, namely, Toll, Imd, JNK, JAK/STAT pathways, other factors, well relevant regulatory networks. We also review mechanisms different tissues, including hemocytes, lymph gland, muscles, gut brain coordinate responses. Furthermore, latest studies field are outlined review. summary, understanding underlying orchestration will help us better study human immunity-related

Language: Английский

Citations

112
Drosophila as a Model Organism to Study Basic Mechanisms of Longevity DOI Open Access
Anna A. Ogienko, Evgeniya S. Omelina, Oleg V. Bylino

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(19), P. 11244 - 11244

Published: Sept. 24, 2022

The spatio-temporal regulation of gene expression determines the fate and function various cells tissues and, as a consequence, correct development functioning complex organisms. Certain mechanisms activity provide adequate cell responses to changes in environmental factors. Aside from disorders that lead pathologies, alterations particular genes were shown significantly decrease or increase lifespan wide range organisms yeast human. Drosophila fruit fly is an ideal model system explore longevity aging due low cost, easy handling maintenance, large number progeny per adult, short life cycle lifespan, relatively paralogous genes, high evolutionary conservation epigenetic signalling pathways, availability tools modulate vivo. Here, we focus on organization evolutionarily conserved signaling pathways whose components influence process interconnections these with regulation.

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Sensing microbial infections in the Drosophila melanogaster genetic model organism DOI
Samuel Liégeois, Dominique Ferrandon

Immunogenetics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 74(1), P. 35 - 62

Published: Jan. 29, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

26
SARS-CoV-2 Nsp6 damages Drosophila heart and mouse cardiomyocytes through MGA/MAX complex-mediated increased glycolysis DOI Creative Commons
Jun‐yi Zhu, Guanglei Wang, Xiaohu Huang

et al.

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Sept. 30, 2022

Abstract SARS-CoV-2 infection causes COVID-19, a severe acute respiratory disease associated with cardiovascular complications including long-term outcomes. The presence of virus in cardiac tissue patients COVID-19 suggests this is direct, rather than secondary, effect infection. Here, by expressing individual proteins the Drosophila heart, we demonstrate interaction Nsp6 host MGA/MAX complex (MGA, PCGF6 and TFDP1). Complementing transcriptomic data from fly heart reveal that blocks antagonistic complex, which shifts balance towards MYC/MAX activates glycolysis—with similar findings mouse cardiomyocytes. Further, -induced glycolysis disrupts mitochondrial function, known to increase reactive oxygen species (ROS) failure; could explain COVID-19-associated pathology. Inhibiting pathway 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) treatment attenuates phenotype flies mice. These point as potential pharmacological target for treating failure.

Language: Английский

Citations

26
Lipopolysaccharide -mediated resistance to host antimicrobial peptides and hemocyte-derived reactive-oxygen species are the major Providencia alcalifaciens virulence factors in Drosophila melanogaster DOI Creative Commons

Maria Shaka,

Aranzazu Arias-Rojas,

Alexandra Hrdina

et al.

PLoS Pathogens, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(9), P. e1010825 - e1010825

Published: Sept. 9, 2022

Bacteria from the genus Providencia are ubiquitous Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens, causing “travelers’ diarrhea”, urinary tract, and other nosocomial infections in humans. Some strains have also been isolated as natural pathogens of Drosophila melanogaster . Despite clinical relevance extensive use immunity research, little is known about virulence mechanisms corresponding insect host defenses. To close this knowledge gap, we investigated factors a representative species— P alcalifaciens which highly virulent to fruit flies amenable genetic manipulations. We generated transposon mutant library performed an unbiased forward genetics screen vivo for attenuated mutants. Our uncovered 23 mutants with reduced virulence. The vast majority them had disrupted genes linked lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis or modifications. These LPS were sensitive cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) vitro their was restored lacking most AMPs. Thus, LPS-mediated resistance AMPs one strategies Another subset exhibited increased susceptibility reactive oxygen species (ROS) rescued by chemical scavenging ROS prior infection. Using analysis, found that enzyme Duox specifically hemocytes source bactericidal targeting Consistently, ROS-sensitive knockdown hemocytes. Therefore, these function helping bacteria counteract immune response. reciprocal analysis host-pathogen interactions between D identified hemocyte-derived major defense against , while ability pathogen resist responses its mechanism. our work revealed conflict mediated

Language: Английский

Citations

23
A Zika virus protein expression screen in Drosophila to investigate targeted host pathways during development DOI Creative Commons
Nichole Link, J Michael Harnish, Brooke Hull

et al.

Disease Models & Mechanisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(2)

Published: Jan. 12, 2024

In the past decade, Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged as a global public health concern. Although adult infections are typically mild, maternal infection can lead to adverse fetal outcomes. Understanding how ZIKV proteins disrupt development provide insights into molecular mechanisms of disease caused by this virus, which includes microcephaly. study, we generated toolkit ectopically express in vivo Drosophila melanogaster tissue-specific manner using GAL4/UAS system. We used identify phenotypes and potential host pathways targeted virus. Our work identified that expression most scorable phenotypes, such overall lethality, gross morphological defects, reduced brain size neuronal function defects. further system strain-dependent may have contributed increased pathogenesis associated with outbreak Americas 2015. demonstrates use an efficient model rapidly decipher pathogens cause lays groundwork for study flies.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Drosophila melanogaster as a model to study innate immune memory DOI Creative Commons
Marta Arch, Maria Vidal,

Romina Koiffman

et al.

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 20, 2022

Over the last decades, research regarding innate immune responses has gained increasing importance. A growing body of evidence supports notion that arm system could show memory traits. Such traits are thought to be conserved throughout evolution and provide a survival advantage. Several models available study these mechanisms. Among them, we find fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster . This non-mammalian model been widely used for since it naturally lacks an adaptive response. Here, aim review latest advances in mechanisms response using this animal model.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Advancements in Life Tables Applied to Integrated Pest Management with an Emphasis on Two-Sex Life Tables DOI Creative Commons

Zhenfu Chen,

Yang Luo,

Liang Wang

et al.

Insects, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 261 - 261

Published: March 3, 2025

Life tables are indispensable in IPM, offering an analysis of insect population dynamics. These record survival rates, fecundity, and other parameters at various developmental stages, enabling the identification key factors that affect numbers prediction growth trajectories. This review discusses application life agricultural pest management, including assessment control capacity natural enemies, evaluation biological agents, screening insect-resistant plant species. In vector control, used to evaluate transmission risks, model dynamics, interfere with cycles insects. For invasive pests, help us monitor dynamics predict future sizes. chemical assist evaluating fitness costs pesticide resistance, guiding insecticide selection, optimizing timing. final section, we explore research directions, emphasizing potential integrating new technologies such as genomics, ethology, satellite remote sensing enhance table improve IPM strategies.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Insights into Virus-Host Interactions: Lessons from Caenorhabditis elegans-Orsay Virus Model DOI
Xin Wu, Heng Liu, Yusong R. Guo

et al.

Current Medical Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 3, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Drosophila Model of HPV18-Induced Pathogenesis Reveals a Role for E6 Oncogene in Regulation of NF-κB and Wnt to Inhibit Apoptosis DOI Creative Commons
Mojgan Padash Barmchi, Ranya Hassan,

Mehrnaz Afkhami

et al.

Tumour Virus Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 200316 - 200316

Published: March 1, 2025

Cancers caused by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) remain a significant health threat resulting in more than 300,000 deaths, annually. Persistent expression of two HPV oncogenes, E6 and E7, are necessary for cancer development progression. has several functions contributing to tumorigenesis one which is blocking programmed cell death, apoptosis. The detailed mechanism anti-apoptosis function not fully understood. Here, using Drosophila model HPV18E6 the UBE3A-induced pathogenesis, we show that anti-apoptotic conserved Drosophila. We demonstrate homologs NF-κB transcription factors, Dorsal Dif proapoptotic. They induce Wingless (Wg, homolog Wnt), leading Our results indicate oncogene inhibits apoptosis downregulating Wg, Dorsal, Dif. Additionally, find Dif, only promote but also regulate autophagy necrosis. promotes while counteracts it, inducing formation acidic vacuoles Interestingly, although blocks proapoptotic it lacks ability interfere with their role apoptosis-independent death. Given high conservation factors our provide new insight into potential mechanisms mediated intervene immortalization action oncoprotein HPV-infected cells.

Language: Английский

Citations

0