Neurochemical Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50(1)
Published: Jan. 20, 2025
Language: Английский
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(6), P. 5753 - 5753
Published: March 17, 2023
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short, mainly positively charged, amphipathic molecules. AMPs important effectors of the immune response in insects with a broad spectrum antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic activity. In addition to these well-known roles, exhibit many other, often unobvious, functions host. They support elimination viral infections. participate regulation brain-controlled processes, e.g., sleep non-associative learning. By influencing neuronal health, communication, activity, they can affect functioning insect nervous system. Expansion AMP repertoire loss their specificity is connected aging process lifespan insects. Moreover, take part maintaining gut homeostasis, regulating number endosymbionts as well reducing foreign microbiota. turn, presence venom prevents spread infection social insects, where prey may be source pathogens.
Language: Английский
Citations
64
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 15132 - 15132
Published: Dec. 1, 2022
Over a long period of evolution, insects have developed unique intestinal defenses against invasion by foreign microorganisms, including physical and immune responses. The the insect gut consist mainly peritrophic matrix (PM) mucus layer, which are first barriers to pathogens. Gut microbes also prevent colonization Importantly, immune-deficiency (Imd) pathways produce antimicrobial peptides eliminate pathogens; mechanisms related reactive oxygen species another important pathway for immunity. janus kinase/STAT signaling is involved in immunity producing bactericidal substances regulating tissue repair. Melanization can many active into intestine; meanwhile, there multiple responses intestine fight viral parasitic infections. Furthermore, stem cells (ISCs) indispensable Only coordinated combination defense system renewal effectively defend pathogenic microorganisms.
Language: Английский
Citations
47
Immunity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 56(4), P. 704 - 722
Published: April 1, 2023
Type 2 immunity is orchestrated by a canonical group of cytokines primarily produced innate lymphoid cells, 2, and their adaptive counterparts, CD4
Language: Английский
Citations
35
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3835 - 3835
Published: March 29, 2024
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), as immune effectors synthesized by a variety of organisms, not only constitute robust defense mechanism against broad spectrum pathogens in the host but also show promising applications effective antimicrobial agents. Notably, insects are significant reservoirs natural AMPs. However, complex array variations types, quantities, activities, and production pathways AMPs, well evolution AMPs across insect species, presents challenge for immunity system understanding AMP applications. This review covers discoveries, classification, common properties, mechanisms action. Additionally, activities immune-related each model summarized. We conducted first comprehensive investigation into diversity, distribution, 20 types insects, employing phylogenetic analysis to describe their evolutionary relationships shed light on conserved distinctive families. Furthermore, we summarize regulatory through classical signaling additional associated with Nitric Oxide, insulin-like signaling, hormones. advances our guardians systems unlocks gateway resources, facilitating use address food safety concerns.
Language: Английский
Citations
15
Cell Communication and Signaling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)
Published: April 2, 2024
The metabolically demanding nature of immune response requires nutrients to be preferentially directed towards the system at expense peripheral tissues. We study mechanisms by which this metabolic reprograming occurs using parasitoid infection Drosophila larvae. To overcome such an challenge hemocytes differentiate into lamellocytes, encapsulate and melanize egg. Hemocytes acquire energy for process expressing JAK/STAT ligands upd2 upd3, activates signaling in muscles redirects carbohydrates away from favor cells.
Language: Английский
Citations
11
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 584, P. 112165 - 112165
Published: Jan. 23, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Insect Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 28, 2024
Abstract Due to the absence of acquired immunity, insects primarily rely on their innate immune system resist pathogenic microorganisms and parasitoids in natural habitats. This can be classified into cellular immunity humoral immunity. Cellular is mediated by hemocytes, which perform phagocytosis, aggregation, encapsulation fight against invaders, whereas activates signaling pathways induces generation effectors. Existing studies have revealed that hemipteran aphids lack some crucial genes compared other insect species, indicating different mechanisms aphids. The current review summarizes adverse impacts aphids, introduces systems insects, analyzes differences between species. Furthermore, our also discussed existing prospects challenges aphid research, proposed potential application green pest management.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Plant Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(9), P. 100974 - 100974
Published: May 14, 2024
The expression of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) from the plastid genome has been proven to be an effective method for controlling herbivorous pests by targeting essential insect genes. However, there are limitations efficiency plastid-mediated RNA interference (PM-RNAi) due initial damage caused insects and their slow response interference. In this study, we developed transplastomic poplar plants that express dsRNAs β-Actin (dsACT) Srp54k (dsSRP54K) genes Plagiodera versicolora. Feeding experiments showed can cause significantly higher mortality in P. versicolora larvae compared with nuclear transgenic or wild-type plants. efficient killing effect PM-RNAi on was found dependent presence gut bacteria. Importantly, foliar application a bacterial strain, Pseudomonas putida, will induce dysbiosis bacteria larvae, leading significant acceleration speed PM-RNAi. Overall, our findings suggest interfering could promising strategy enhance effectiveness pest control, offering novel approach crop protection based RNAi technology.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Within both abiotic and host environments, bacteria typically exist as diverse, multispecies communities have crucial roles in human health, agriculture, industry. In these communities, compete for resources, competitive interactions can shape the overall population structure community function. Studying bacterial dynamics requires experimental model systems that capture different interaction networks between their surroundings. We examine recent literature advancing such systems, including (i) silico models establishing theoretical basis how cell-to-cell influence level dynamics, (ii) vitro characterizing specific interbacterial interactions, (iii) organ-on-a-chip revealing physiologically relevant parameters, spatial mechanical forces, encounter within a host, (iv) vivo plant animal connecting responses to interactions. Each of has greatly contributed our understanding be used synergistically understand competition influences architecture.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 568 - 568
Published: March 12, 2024
This overview initially describes insect immune reactions and then brings together present knowledge of the interactions vector insects with their invading parasites pathogens. It is a way introducing this Special Issue subsequent papers presenting latest details these in each particular group vectors. Hopefully, paper will fill void literature since brief descriptions immunity have now been brought one publication could form starting point for those interested new to important area. Descriptions are given on mosquitoes, blackflies, sandflies, tsetse flies, lice, fleas triatomine bugs. Cellular humoral defences described separately but emphasis made co-operation processes completed response. The also emphasises need great care extracting haemocytes study as appreciation fragile nature often overlooked non-sterile media, smearing techniques excessive centrifugation sometimes used. potential vital role eicosanoids instigation many discussed. Finally, priming system, mainly considered possible mechanism presented.
Language: Английский
Citations
8