Trial watch: Dendritic cell (DC)-based immunotherapy for cancer

OncoImmunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: July 4, 2022

Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination for cancer treatment has seen considerable development over recent decades. However, this field is currently in a state of flux toward niche-applications, owing to paradigm-shifts immuno-oncology mobilized by T cell-targeting immunotherapies. DC vaccines are typically generated using autologous (patient-derived) DCs exposed tumor-associated or -specific antigens (TAAs TSAs), the presence immunostimulatory molecules induce maturation, followed reinfusion into patients. Accordingly, can TAA/TSA-specific CD8+/CD4+ responses. Yet, still shows suboptimal anti-tumor efficacy clinic. Extensive efforts ongoing improve immunogenicity and vaccines, often employing combinatorial chemo-immunotherapy regimens. In Trial Watch, we summarize preclinical clinical developments discuss trends future perspectives DC-based immunotherapy oncological indications.

Language: Английский

---

Antitumor Applications of Photothermal Agents and Photothermal Synergistic Therapies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(14), P. 7909 - 7909

Published: July 18, 2022

As a new tumor treatment strategy, photothermal therapy (PTT) has the advantages of accuracy, ease administration, high efficiency and low side effects. Photothermal transduction agents (PTAs) are key factor which play an important role in PTT. The mechanism PTT is discussed detail. conversion (PCE) can be improved by increasing light absorption reducing scattering agents. Additionally, non-radiative relaxation path attenuation also promote energy to obtain higher value terms PCE. structure characteristics various kinds PTAs (metal materials, carbon-based nanomaterials, two-dimensional organic materials) were compared analyzed. This paper reviews antitumor applications synergistic therapies, including combined with immunotherapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy. review proposes that these development therapies have great potential application treatment.

Language: Английский

---

Nanomaterials-assisted photothermal therapy for breast cancer: State-of-the-art advances and future perspectives

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 45, P. 103959 - 103959

Published: Jan. 21, 2024

Breast cancer (BC) remains an enigmatic fatal modality ubiquitously prevalent in different parts of the world. Contemporary medicines face severe challenges remediating and healing breast cancer. Due to its spatial specificity nominal invasive therapeutic regime, photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted much scientific attention down lane. PTT utilizes a near-infrared (NIR) light source irradiate tumor target intravenously or non-invasively, which is converted into heat energy over optical fibre. Dynamic progress nanomaterial synthesis was achieved with specialized visual, physicochemical, biological, pharmacological features make up for inadequacies expand horizon PTT. Numerous nanomaterials have substantial NIR absorption can function as efficient transducers. It achievable limit wavelength range absorbance peak specific by manipulating their synthesis, enhancing precision quality Along same lines, various are conjugated wide surface-modifying chemicals, including polymers antibodies, may modify persistence diminish toxicity concerns. In this article, we tend put forth insights fundamental conceptualizations on pre-existing advances upon conjugation biocompatible working synergy combat cancer, encompassing several strategies like immunotherapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, radiotherapy coupled Additionally, role mechanisms nanoparticles, well possible alternatives PTT, summarized distinctive integral aspect article.

Language: Английский

---

Friends against the Foe: Synergistic Photothermal and Photodynamic Therapy against Bacterial Infections

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 1116 - 1116

Published: March 31, 2023

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are rapidly emerging, coupled with the failure of current antibiotic therapy; thus, new alternatives for effectively treating infections caused by MDR required. Hyperthermia-mediated photothermal therapy (PTT) and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated photodynamic (PDT) have attracted extensive attention as antibacterial therapies owing to advantages such low invasiveness, toxicity, likelihood causing bacterial resistance. However, both strategies notable drawbacks, including high temperature requirements PTT weak ability PDT-derived ROS penetrate target cells. To overcome these limitations, a combination PDT has been used against bacteria. In this review, we discuss unique benefits limitations The mechanisms underlying synergistic effects PTT–PDT also discussed. Furthermore, introduced advancements in methods using nano-based agents treat Finally, highlight existing challenges future perspectives We believe that review will encourage PTT- PDT-based research can be referenced clinical applications.

Language: Английский

---

Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Regulate Anti-Inflammatory and Osteogenesis in Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells and Promote the Repair of Experimental Periodontitis in Rats

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 4683 - 4703

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes (DPSC-EXO), which have biological characteristics similar to those of metrocytes, been found be closely associated with tissue regeneration. Periodontitis is an immune inflammation and destructive disease caused by plaque, resulting in alveolar bone loss periodontal epithelial destruction. It not clear whether DPSC-EXO can used as effective therapy for The purpose this study was only verify the effect on reducing periodontitis promoting regeneration, but also reveal possible mechanism.DPSC-EXO isolated ultracentrifugation. Then it characterized transmission electron microscope (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) Western Blot. In vitro, ligament cells (PDLSCs) were treated DPSC-EXO, abilities cell proliferation, migration osteogenic potential evaluated. Furthermore, we detected expression IL-1β, TNF-αand key proteins IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway after simulating inflammatory environment LPS. addition, polarization phenotype macrophages detected. vivo, experimental rats established or PBS. After 4 weeks, maxillae collected micro-CT histological staining.DPSC-EXO promoted osteogenesis PDLSCs vitro. regulated inhibiting during acute stress. results showed that could polarize from M1 M2 phenotype. effectively reduce promote healing epithelium periodontitis.DPSC-EXO plays important role This provides a promising acellular periodontitis.

Language: Английский

---

Innovative approaches for cancer treatment: graphene quantum dots for photodynamic and photothermal therapies

Journal of Materials Chemistry B, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(18), P. 4307 - 4334

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Recent advancements pertaining to the application of GQD-based nanosystems in photothermal and photodynamic cancer therapies are discussed, highlighting crucial challenges, advantages, future perspectives.

Language: Английский

---

Gut bacterial aromatic amine production: aromatic amino acid decarboxylase and its effects on peripheral serotonin production

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 10, 2022

Colonic luminal aromatic amines have been historically considered to be derived from dietary source, especially fermented foods; however, recent studies indicate that the gut microbiota serves as an alternative source of these amines. Herein, we show five prominent genera Firmicutes (Blautia, Clostridium, Enterococcus, Ruminococcus, and Tyzzerella) ability abundantly produce through action amino acid decarboxylase (AADC). In vitro cultivation human fecal samples revealed a significant positive correlation between aadc copy number Ruminococcus gnavus phenylethylamine (PEA) production. Furthermore, using genetically engineered Enterococcus faecalis-colonized BALB/cCrSlc mouse model, showed bacterial stimulates production colonic serotonin, which is reportedly involved in osteoporosis irritable bowel syndrome. Finally, AADC inhibitors carbidopa benserazide inhibit PEA En. faecalis.

Language: Английский

---

Cholestasis: exploring the triangular relationship of gut microbiota-bile acid-cholestasis and the potential probiotic strategies

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 2, 2023

Cholestasis is a condition characterized by the abnormal production or excretion of bile, and it can be induced variety causes, factors which are extremely complex. Although great progress has been made in understanding cholestasis pathogenesis, specific mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, important to understand distinguish from different etiologies, will also provide indispensable theoretical support for development corresponding therapeutic drugs. At present, treatment mainly involves several bile acids (BAs) their derivatives, most clinical stage development. Multiple lines evidence indicate that ecological disorders gut microbiota strongly related occurrence cholestasis, BAs play pivotal role. Recent studies probiotics seem have certain effects on but further confirmation trials required. This paper reviews etiology strategies cholestasis; summarizes similarities differences inducement, symptoms, diseases; provides information about latest pharmacological therapies currently available those under research cholestasis. We reviewed highly intertwined relationship between microbiota-BA-cholestasis, revealing potential role possible mechanism

Language: Английский

---

Strategies for Making High‐Performance Artificial Spider Silk Fibers

Advanced Functional Materials, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 34(35)

Published: Oct. 10, 2023

Artificial spider silk is an attractive material for many technical applications since it a biobased fiber that can be produced under ambient conditions but still outcompetes synthetic fibers (e.g., Kevlar) in terms of toughness. Industrial use this requires bulk-scale production recombinant proteins heterologous host and replication the pristine fiber's mechanical properties. High molecular weight spun into with impressive properties, levels are too low to allow commercialization material. Small proteins, on other hand, at yields compatible industrial use, properties such need improved. Here, literature wet-spinning artificial summarized analyzed focus performance. Furthermore, several strategies how improve fibers, including optimized protein composition, smarter spinning setups, innovative engineering, chemical physical crosslinking as well incorporation nanomaterials composite outlined discussed.

Language: Английский

---

Green Light-Triggerable Chemo-Photothermal Activity of Cytarabine-Loaded Polymer Carbon Dots: Mechanism and Preliminary In Vitro Evaluation

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 5732 - 5743

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Carbon-based nanostructures are attracting a lot of attention because their very low toxicity, excellent visible light-triggered optical and photothermal properties, intriguing applications. Currently, the development multifunctional carbon-based for synergistic chemo-photothermal approach is challenging topic advancement cancer treatment. Here, we report an unprecedented example photoresponsive polymer dots (CPDs-PNM) obtained by one-pot thermal process from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) without using organic solvent additional reagents. The CPDs-PNM were characterized spectroscopic techniques, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy. exhibited high conversion efficiency, lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior, good cytarabine (arabinosyl cytosine, AraC) loading capacity (62.3%). formation CPDs-PNM/AraC adduct photothermal-controlled drug release, triggered green light excitation, demonstrated drug-polymer interaction release mechanism well supported modeling simulation calculations. cellular uptake empty AraC-loaded was imaged confocal laser scanning In vitro experiments evidenced that did not affect viability neuroblastoma cells, while under irradiation significantly higher toxicity than AraC alone combined effect.

Language: Английский

---