Modulation of the Inflammatory Response in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)—Searching for Epigenetic Factors

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 14663 - 14663

Published: Nov. 24, 2022

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Despite its incidence, poorly understood and remains underdiagnosed, female patients are diagnosed with a delay. The heterogenous nature this complex results from combined occurrence genetic, environmental, endocrine, behavioral factors. Primary clinical manifestations PCOS derived excess androgens (anovulation, polycystic morphology, lack or scanty, irregular menstrual periods, acne hirsutism), whereas secondary include multiple metabolic, cardiovascular, psychological disorders. Dietary lifestyle factors play important roles development course PCOS, which suggests strong epigenetic environmental influences. Many studies have shown association between chronic, low-grade inflammation both ovarian tissue throughout body. In vast majority patients, elevated values inflammatory markers their gene been reported. Development vicious cycle chronic state additionally stimulated by hyperinsulinemia obesity. Changes DNA methylation, histone acetylation noncoding RNA levels presented review context oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, signaling PCOS. Epigenetic modulation androgenic activity response to also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms for the Vicious Cycle between Insulin Resistance and the Inflammatory Response in Obesity

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(12), P. 9818 - 9818

Published: June 6, 2023

The comprehensive anabolic effects of insulin throughout the body, in addition to control glycemia, include ensuring lipid homeostasis and anti-inflammatory modulation, especially adipose tissue (AT). prevalence obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2, has been increasing worldwide on pandemic scale with accompanying syndemic health problems, including glucose intolerance, resistance (IR), diabetes. Impaired sensitivity or IR paradoxically leads diseases an inflammatory component despite hyperinsulinemia. Therefore, excess visceral AT obesity initiates chronic low-grade conditions that interfere signaling via receptors (INSRs). Moreover, response IR, hyperglycemia itself stimulates primarily defensive associated subsequent release numerous cytokines real threat organ function deterioration. In this review, all components vicious cycle are characterized particular emphasis interplay between both innate adaptive immune responses related obesity. Increased accumulation should be considered main environmental factor responsible for disruption epigenetic regulatory mechanisms system, resulting autoimmunity inflammation.

Language: Английский

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Targeting Aedes aegypti Metabolism with Next-Generation Insecticides

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 469 - 469

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of dengue virus (DENV), zika (ZIKV), and other emerging infectious diseases concern. A key disease mitigation strategy control, which relies heavily on use insecticides. The development insecticide resistance poses a major threat to public health worldwide. Unfortunately, there limited number chemical compounds available for these chemicals can have off-target effects that harm invertebrate vertebrate species. Fundamental basic science research needed identify novel molecular targets be exploited control. Next-generation insecticides will unique mechanisms action used in combination limit selection resistance. Further, species-specific effects. Studies shown mosquitoes rely nutrients during multiple life cycle stages. Targeting metabolic pathways promising direction deprive nutrition interfere with development. Metabolic are also important cycle. Here, we review studies reveal importance dietary stored mosquito infection suggest strategies next-generation focus trehalase inhibitors.

Language: Английский

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Evodiamine inhibits growth of vemurafenib drug-resistant melanoma via suppressing IRS4/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

Journal of Natural Medicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 78(2), P. 342 - 354

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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Insulin-like Growth Factor-2 (IGF-2) in Fibrosis

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 1557 - 1557

Published: Oct. 25, 2022

The insulin family consists of insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), 2 (IGF-2), their receptors (IR, IGF-1R and IGF-2R), binding proteins. All three ligands are involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, protein synthesis metabolism due to homologous sequences structural similarities. Insulin-like 2, a member the family, plays an important role embryonic development, metabolic disorders, tumorigenesis by combining with different degrees affinity. main pathological feature various fibrotic diseases is excessive deposition extracellular matrix (ECM) after tissue organ damage, which eventually results organic dysfunction because scar formation replaces parenchyma. As mitogenic factor, IGF-2 overexpressed many diseases. It can promote proliferation fibroblasts significantly, as well production ECM time- dose-dependent manner. This review aims describe expression changes fibrosis-promoting effects skin, oral cavity, heart, lung, liver, kidney tissues.

Language: Английский

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Research progress on drugs for diabetes based on insulin receptor/insulin receptor substrate

Biochemical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 217, P. 115830 - 115830

Published: Sept. 23, 2023

Language: Английский

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Capsaicin and Zinc Signalling Pathways as Promising Targets for Managing Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(6), P. 2861 - 2861

Published: March 22, 2023

The global burden of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has led to significant interest in finding novel and effective therapeutic targets for this chronic disorder. Bioactive food components have effectively improved abnormal glucose metabolism associated with disease. Capsaicin zinc are that shown the potential improve by activating signalling events target cells. stimulate uptake through activation distinct pathways (AMPK AKT, respectively); however, calcium signal transduction seems be common pathway between two. investigation molecular activated capsaicin lead discovery new T2DM. Therefore, literature review aims provide a summary main triggered metabolism.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Mechanisms of the Vicious Cycle between Insulin Resistance and the Inflammatory Response in Obesity

Published: May 15, 2023

The comprehensive anabolic effects of insulin throughout the body, in addition to control glycemia, also include ensuring lipid homeostasis and anti-inflammatory modulation, especially adipose tissue (AT). prevalence obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2, has been increasing worldwide on pandemic scale with accompanying syndemic health problems, including glucose intolerance, resistance (IR) diabetes. Impaired sensitivity or IR paradoxically leads diseases an inflammatory component despite hyperinsulinemia. Therefore, excess visceral AT obesity initiates chronic low-grade conditions that interfere signaling via receptor (INSR). Moreover, response IR, hyperglycemia itself stimulates primarily defensive associated subsequent release numerous cytokines real threat organ function deterioration. In this review, all components vicious cycle are characterized particular emphasis interplay between both innate adaptive immune responses related obesity. Increased accumulation should be considered main environmental factor responsible for disruption epigenetic regulatory mechanisms system, resulting autoimmunity inflammation.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics Impair Black Soldier Fly Bioconversion of Pigeon Manure: Physiological and Transcriptomic Insights

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Conceivable Role of Metabolic Syndrome in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease: Cellular and Subcellular Alterations in Underpinning a Tale of Two

NeuroMolecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27(1)

Published: May 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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