Circulation Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
134(11), P. 1607 - 1635
Published: May 23, 2024
Given
advances
in
antiretroviral
therapy,
the
mortality
rate
for
HIV
infection
has
dropped
considerably
over
recent
decades.
However,
people
living
with
(PLWH)
experience
longer
life
spans
coupled
persistent
immune
activation
despite
viral
suppression
and
potential
toxicity
from
long-term
therapy
use.
Consequently,
PLWH
face
a
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD)
risk
more
than
twice
that
of
general
population,
making
it
leading
cause
death
among
this
group.
Here,
we
briefly
review
epidemiology
CVD
highlighting
disparities
at
intersections
sex
gender,
age,
race/ethnicity,
contributions
social
determinants
health
psychosocial
stress
to
increased
individuals
marginalized
identities.
We
then
overview
pathophysiology
discuss
primary
factors
implicated
as
contributors
on
therapy.
Subsequently,
highlight
functional
evidence
premature
vascular
dysfunction
an
early
pathophysiological
determinant
PLWH,
several
mechanisms
underlying
synthesize
current
research
accelerated
aging
focusing
activation,
chronic
inflammation,
oxidative
stress.
consider
understudied
aspects
such
HIV-related
changes
gut
microbiome
stress,
which
may
serve
through
exercise
can
abrogate
aging.
Emphasizing
significance
exercise,
various
modalities
their
impacts
health,
proposing
holistic
approach
managing
risks
PLWH.
The
discussion
extends
critical
future
study
areas
related
aging,
CVD,
efficacy
interventions,
call
inclusive
considers
diversity
population.
Aging and Disease,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 0 - 0
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Inflammaging
refers
to
chronic,
low-grade
inflammation
that
becomes
more
common
with
age
and
plays
a
central
role
in
the
pathophysiology
of
various
vascular
diseases.
Key
inflammatory
mediators
involved
inflammaging
contribute
endothelial
dysfunction
accelerate
progression
atherosclerosis.
In
addition,
specific
pathological
mechanisms
inflammasomes
have
emerged
as
critical
drivers
immune
responses
within
vasculature.
A
comprehensive
understanding
these
processes
may
lead
innovative
treatment
strategies
could
significantly
improve
management
age-related
Emerging
therapeutic
approaches,
including
cytokine
inhibitors,
senolytics,
specialized
pro-resolving
mediators,
aim
counteract
restore
health.
This
review
seeks
provide
an
in-depth
exploration
molecular
pathways
underlying
highlight
potential
interventions.
Experimental Gerontology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
187, P. 112377 - 112377
Published: Feb. 15, 2024
Overweight
and
obesity
in
older
adults
increase
the
risk
of
a
range
comorbidities
by
sustaining
chronic
inflammation
thus
enhancing
immunosenescence.
This
study
aimed
to
assess
whether
excess
body
mass
affected
disproportion
T
lymphocytes.
Therefore,
was
designed
explain
individuals
numbers
lymphocytes
anthropometric
indices
immune
profile
expressed
as
CD4/CD8
ratio
are
diagnostically
useful
analysis
One
hundred
three
aged
73.6
±
3.1
years
were
allocated
normal
(body
index
(BMI)
18.5–24.9
kg/m2,
n
=
39),
pre-obesity
(BMI
25.0–29.9
44)
or
≥30.0
20)
group,
based
on
WHO
recommendations.
Details
subjects'
medical
history
lifestyle
obtained
health
questionnaire.
Anthropometric
performed
bioelectrical
impedance
method,
biochemical
made
automatic
analyzer
ELISA
immunoassays,
B
lymphocyte
counts
determined
eight-parameter
flow
cytometry.
Additionally,
visceral
adiposity
index,
(BAI),
shape
(ABSI)
evaluated
circumference,
BMI
lipid-lipoprotein
measurements.
The
highest
percentage
CD3+CD4+
(59.4
12.6
%)
lowest
CD3+CD8+
(31.6
10.0
noted
patients
group.
cut-off
value
1.9
for
recorded
vs
model.
>
2.5
>20
%
our
groups
while
64.5
group
had
<
1.
High
diagnostic
usefulness
demonstrated
both
BAI
lipid
accumulation
product
(LAP)
(AUC
values
~0.800
~
0.900
respectively)
models:
pre-obesity,
obesity,
obesity.
odds
ratios
(OR)
model
(OR
16.1,
95%CI
3.8–93.6)
indicated
potential
clinical
prognosis
aging
relation
weight
adults.
AUC
following
+
0.927),
LAP
1.00),
ABSI
0.865)
proved
provide
excellent
discrimination
between
with
mass.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(22), P. 16206 - 16206
Published: Nov. 11, 2023
Cytokines
play
an
essential
role
in
the
control
of
tumor
cell
development
and
multiplication.
However,
available
literature
provides
ambiguous
data
on
involvement
these
proteins
formation
progression
glioblastoma
(GBM).
This
study
was
designed
to
evaluate
inflammatory
profile
investigate
its
potential
for
identification
molecular
signatures
specific
GBM.
Fifty
patients
aged
66.0
±
10.56
years
with
newly
diagnosed
high-grade
gliomas
40
healthy
individuals
71.7
4.9
were
included
study.
White
blood
cells
found
fall
within
referential
ranges
significantly
higher
GBM
than
controls.
Among
immune
cells,
neutrophils
showed
greatest
changes,
resulting
elevated
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte
ratio
(NLR).
The
neutrophil
count
inversely
correlated
survival
time
expressed
by
Spearman’s
coefficient
rs
=
−0.359
(p
0.010).
optimal
threshold
values
corresponded
2.630
×
103/µL
NLR
(the
area
under
ROC
curve
AUC
0.831,
specificity
90%,
sensitivity
76%,
relative
risk
RR
7.875,
confidence
intervals
95%CI
3.333–20.148).
most
considerable
changes
recorded
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
interleukin
IL-1β,
IL-6,
IL-8,
which
approx.
1.5–2-fold
higher,
whereas
necrosis
factor
α
(TNFα)
high
mobility
group
B1
(HMGB1)
lower
<
0.001).
results
ROC,
AUC,
analysis
IL-10
indicate
their
diagnostics
clinical
prognosis.
highest
average
observed
IL-6
(RR
2.923)
IL-8
3.151),
means
there
is
three-fold
probability
after
exceeding
cut-off
19.83
pg/mL
10.86
IL-8.
obtained
models
+
IL-1β
(AUC
0.907),
0.908),
0.896),
0.887)
prove
excellent
discrimination
from
may
represent
GBM-specific
signatures.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(24), P. 17129 - 17129
Published: Dec. 5, 2023
Aging
is
a
major
risk
factor
of
atherosclerosis
through
different
complex
pathways
including
replicative
cellular
senescence
and
age-related
clonal
hematopoiesis.
In
addition
to
aging,
extracellular
stress
factors,
such
as
mechanical
oxidative
stress,
can
induce
senescence,
defined
premature
senescence.
Senescent
cells
accumulate
within
atherosclerotic
plaques
over
time
contribute
plaque
instability.
This
review
summarizes
the
role
in
pathophysiology
highlights
most
important
senotherapeutics
tested
cardiovascular
studies
targeting
Continued
bench-to-bedside
research
might
allow
future
implementation
new
effective
anti-atherosclerotic
preventive
treatment
strategies
clinical
practice.
AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
327(6), P. H1345 - H1360
Published: Oct. 18, 2024
Vascular
dysfunction
has
emerged
as
a
significant
risk
factor
for
the
development
of
cardio-
and
cerebrovascular
diseases
(CVDs),
which
are
currently
leading
cause
morbidity
mortality
worldwide.
T
lymphocytes
(T
cells)
have
been
shown
to
be
important
modulators
vascular
function
in
primary
aging
CVDs,
likely
by
producing
inflammatory
cytokines
reactive
oxygen
species
that
influence
vasoprotective
molecules.
This
review
summarizes
role
cells
on
aging,
hypertension,
atherosclerosis
animals
humans,
discusses
potential
T-cell
targeted
therapeutics
prevent,
delay,
or
reverse
dysfunction.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(22), P. 12203 - 12203
Published: Nov. 13, 2024
Oxidative
stress
and
inflammation
accompany
endothelial
dysfunction
that
results
from
the
excessive
or
uncontrolled
production
of
reactive
oxygen
nitrogen
species
(RONS)
in
older
adults.
This
study
was
designed
to
assess
usefulness
serum
oxi-inflammatory
component
combinations
vascular
disease
prediction
prevention
with
regard
sex.
Women
(n
=
145)
men
50)
aged
72.2
±
7.8
years
participated
this
project.
The
females
demonstrated
elevated
hydrogen
peroxide
(H2O2)
nitric
oxide
(NO)
responsible
for
intravascular
low-density
lipoprotein
oxidation.
NO
generation
enhanced
women,
but
its
bioavailability
reduced,
which
expressed
by
a
high
3-nitrotyrosine
(3-NitroT)
concentration.
relation
NO/3-NitroT
(rs
0.811,
p
<
0.001)
women
−0.611,
showed
sex
determines
dysfunction.
RONS
simultaneously
promoted
regeneration,
as
~1.5-fold
increase
circulating
progenitor
cells.
Inflammation-specific
variables,
such
neutrophil-to-lymphocyte
ratio,
systemic
immune
index,
neutrophil-to-high-density
(HDL)
were
reduced
their
diagnostic
utility
clinical
prognosis
dysfunction,
especially
C-reactive-protein-to-HDL
ratio
(AUC
0.980,
specificity
94.7%,
sensitivity
93.3%,
OR
252,
95%
CI
65–967,
0.001).
is
first
have
revealed
sex-specific
changes
response,
can
generate
risk
cardiovascular
events
at
an
age.
Cell Proliferation,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 4, 2024
Bone
metastasis
(BM)
is
a
mortality-related
event
of
late-stage
cancer,
with
non-small
cell
lung
cancer
(NSCLC)
being
common
origin
for
BM.
However,
the
detailed
molecular
profiling
metastatic
bone
ecosystem
not
fully
understood,
hindering
development
effective
therapies
advanced
patients.
In
this
study,
we
examined
cellular
heterogeneity
between
primary
tumours
and
BM
from
tissues
peripheral
blood
by
single-cell
transcriptomic
analysis,
which
was
verified
using
multiplex
immunofluorescence
staining
public
datasets.
Our
results
demonstrate
senescent
microenvironment
in
NSCLC.
has
significantly
higher
infiltration
malignant
cells
characteristics
relative
to
tumours,
accompanied
aggravated
properties.
The
endothelial-mesenchymal
transition
involved
SOX18
activation
related
senescence
vascular
endothelial
CD4Tstr
cells,
pronounced
stress
states,
are
preferentially
infiltrated
BM,
indicating
stress-related
dysfunction
contributing
immunocompromised
environment
during
tumour
bone.
Moreover,
identify
SPP1
pathway-induced
crosstalk
among
T
ECs
activates
deteriorates
patient
survival.
findings
highlight
roles
modulating
implicate
anti-senescence
therapy
NSCLC
