Food Frontiers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
5(3), P. 1031 - 1062
Published: March 5, 2024
Abstract
Much
of
nutrition
research
has
been
conventionally
based
on
the
use
simplistic
in
vitro
systems
or
animal
models,
which
have
extensively
employed
an
effort
to
better
understand
relationships
between
diet
and
complex
diseases
as
well
evaluate
food
safety.
Although
these
models
undeniably
contributed
increase
our
mechanistic
understanding
basic
biological
processes,
they
do
not
adequately
model
human
physiopathological
phenomena,
creating
concerns
about
translatability
humans.
During
last
decade,
extraordinary
advancement
stem
cell
culturing,
three‐dimensional
cultures,
sequencing
technologies,
computer
science
occurred,
originated
a
wealth
novel
human‐based
more
physiologically
relevant
tools.
These
tools,
also
known
“new
approach
methodologies,”
comprise
patient‐derived
organoids,
organs‐on‐chip,
multi‐omics
approach,
along
with
computational
analysis,
represent
innovative
exciting
tools
forward
from
human‐biology‐oriented
perspective.
After
considering
some
shortcomings
conventional
vivo
approaches,
here
we
describe
main
available
emerging
that
are
appropriate
for
designing
human‐relevant
research.
Our
aim
is
encourage
discussion
opportunity
explore
paths
promote
paradigm‐change
toward
biology‐focused
nutritional
pathophysiology,
products,
develop
effective
targeted
preventive
therapeutic
strategies
while
helping
reducing
number
replacing
animals
Biomaterials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
307, P. 122525 - 122525
Published: March 9, 2024
Candida
albicans
is
a
commensal
yeast
of
the
human
intestinal
microbiota
that,
under
predisposing
conditions,
can
become
pathogenic
and
cause
life-threatening
systemic
infections
(candidiasis).
Fungal-host
interactions
during
candidiasis
are
commonly
studied
using
conventional
2D
in
vitro
models,
which
have
provided
critical
insights
into
pathogenicity.
However,
microphysiological
models
with
higher
biological
complexity
may
be
more
suitable
to
mimic
vivo-like
infection
processes
antifungal
drug
efficacy.
Therefore,
3D
intestine-on-chip
model
was
used
investigate
fungal-host
onset
invasive
evaluate
treatment
clinically
relevant
conditions.
By
combining
microbiological
image-based
analyses
we
quantified
such
as
invasiveness
fungal
translocation
across
epithelial
barrier.
Additionally,
obtained
novel
microcolony
morphology
association
tissue.
Our
results
demonstrate
that
C.
microcolonies
induce
injury
tissue
by
disrupting
apical
cell-cell
contacts
causing
inflammation.
Caspofungin
effectively
reduced
biomass
induced
substantial
alterations
wild-type
strain.
caspofungin
showed
limited
effects
after
an
echinocandin-resistant
clinical
isolate.
Collectively,
this
organ-on-chip
leveraged
for
in-depth
characterization
pathogen-host
due
antimicrobial
treatment.
Cureus,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 8, 2024
Allergy
and
immunological
disorders
like
autoimmune
diseases
are
vastly
prevalent
worldwide.
These
conditions
account
for
a
substantial
amount
of
personal
social
burden.
Such
illnesses
have
lengthy,
uncertain,
spotted
courses
with
unpredictable
exacerbations.
A
definite
tendency
improving
the
overall
quality
life
individuals
suffering
from
such
is
crucial
to
tackling
these
diseases,
especially
through
diet
or
lifestyle
modification.
Further,
interventions
microbiome-based
therapeutics
as
prebiotics
probiotics
were
explored.
Changes
in
microbial
population
evident
during
flare-up
allergic
conditions.
The
realization
that
human
microbiome
central
player
hallmark
its
potential
usefulness
therapy
illnesses.
This
review
focuses
on
intricate
symphony
orchestra
immune
system.
New
therapeutic
strategies
involving
appear
be
future
personalized
medicine.
Through
this
review,
we
explore
narrative
reaffirm
their
use
preventive
agents
disorders.
Foods,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(11), P. 2133 - 2133
Published: May 25, 2023
From
Siraitia
grosvenorii,
a
natural
polysaccharide
named
SGP-1
was
discovered,
and
its
purity
determined
to
be
96.83%.
Its
structure
is
glucan
with
4-,
6-
4,6-linked
glucose
units.
In
this
paper,
the
sulfated
derivative
S-SGP
of
prepared
by
chlorosulfonic
acid
method.
The
derivatives
were
analyzed
Fourier
transform
infrared
spectroscopy
(FT-IR),
gel
permeation
chromatography
(GPC),
scanning
electron
microscopy
(SEM).
degree
substitution
(DS)
0.62,
weight
average
molecular
(Mw)
1.34
×
104
Da.
While
retaining
morphological
characteristics
polysaccharides,
appeared
large
number
spherical
structures
strong
intermolecular
forces.
in
vitro
activity
study
showed
that
had
ability
scavenge
DPPH
radicals,
hydroxyl
radicals
superoxide
anions,
scavenging
power
tended
increase
concentration.
It
can
inhibit
growth
human
hepatoma
cells
(HepG2),
breast
cancer
(MDA-MB-231)
non-small
cell
lung
(A549)
vitro.
addition,
treatment
A549
sulfuric
decrease
mitochondrial
membrane
potential,
induce
apoptosis,
alter
expression
apoptosis-related
mRNA
protein.
Materials Today Bio,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
26, P. 101079 - 101079
Published: May 5, 2024
As
a
booming
engineering
technology,
the
microfluidic
chip
has
been
widely
applied
for
replicating
complexity
of
human
intestinal
micro-physiological
ecosystems
in
vitro.
Biosensors,
3D
imaging,
and
multi-omics
have
to
engineer
more
sophisticated
barrier-on-chip
platforms,
allowing
improved
monitoring
physiological
processes
enhancing
performance.
In
this
review,
we
report
cutting-edge
advances
techniques
establishment
evaluation
barrier
platforms.
We
discuss
different
design
principles
microfabrication
strategies
gut
models
Further,
comprehensively
cover
complex
cell
types
(e.g.,
epithelium,
organoids,
endothelium,
microbes,
immune
cells)
controllable
extracellular
microenvironment
parameters
oxygen
gradient,
peristalsis,
bioflow,
gut-organ
axis)
used
recapitulate
main
structural
functional
barriers.
also
present
current
multidisciplinary
technologies
indicators
evaluating
morphological
structure
integrity
established
Finally,
highlight
challenges
future
perspectives
accelerating
broader
applications
these
platforms
disease
simulation,
drug
development,
personalized
medicine.
Hence,
review
provides
comprehensive
guide
development
microfluidic-based
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
15
Published: Jan. 25, 2024
The
pathogenesis
of
age-related
macular
degeneration
(AMD),
a
degenerative
retinopathy,
remains
unclear.
Administration
anti-vascular
endothelial
growth
factor
agents,
antioxidants,
fundus
lasers,
photodynamic
therapy,
and
transpupillary
warming
has
proven
effective
in
alleviating
symptoms;
however,
these
interventions
cannot
prevent
or
reverse
AMD.
Increasing
evidence
suggests
that
AMD
risk
is
linked
to
changes
the
composition,
abundance,
diversity
gut
microbiota
(GM).
Activation
multiple
signaling
pathways
by
GM
metabolites,
including
lipopolysaccharides,
oxysterols,
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs),
bile
(BAs),
influences
retinal
physiology.
Traditional
Chinese
medicine
(TCM),
known
for
its
multi-component
multi-target
advantages,
can
help
treat
altering
composition
regulating
levels
certain
substances,
such
as
reducing
increasing
SCFA
BA
contents.
This
review
explores
correlation
between
two
provide
new
perspectives
on
treating
with
TCM.
Biomaterials Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
This
review
discusses
advancements
in
organ-on-a-chip
models,
emphasizing
gut,
liver,
and
integrated
gut–liver
systems.
It
covers
their
applications
disease
modeling,
toxicity
testing,
drug
screening,
as
well
future
prospects.
Mediterranean Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: March 2, 2025
Background:
Although
vitamin
D3
(VD3)
may
regulate
gut
microbiota
to
play
protective
roles
in
systemic
inflammation,
its
effects
on
metabolomics
have
not
been
clarified.
Objective:
To
investigate
the
of
VD3
LPS-injected
mice.
Methods:
After
mice
were
intervened
with
VD3,
colon
contents
collected
for
an
untargeted
analysis,
morphology
and
permeability
epithelium
illustrated.
Results:
The
results
confirmed
against
inflammatory
changes
hyperpermeability
In
metabolomic
analysis
contents,
principal
component
showed
valid
data.
Both
partial
least
squares-discriminant
(PLS-DA)
orthogonal
PLS-DA
(OPLS-DA)
intergroup
separation
samples
between
control
Similarly,
affected
metabolite
profiling
composition
mice,
which
also
shown
by
OPLS-DA.
Furthermore,
differential
metabolites
identified
univariate
statistical
analysis.
For
LPS
stimulation,
changed
obviously,
such
as
some
lipid-related
appeared
increase.
However,
treatment
had
distinctive
metabolomics,
especially
induced
appearance
Soyasaponins,
reduction
metabolites.
Conclusions:
alleviated
injuries
