Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(11), P. 2875 - 2875
Published: Oct. 24, 2023
Renal
cell
carcinoma
is
a
significant
health
burden
worldwide,
necessitating
accurate
and
efficient
diagnostic
methods
to
guide
treatment
decisions.
Traditional
pathology
practices
have
limitations,
including
interobserver
variability
time-consuming
evaluations.
In
recent
years,
digital
tools
emerged
as
promising
solution
enhance
the
diagnosis
management
of
renal
cancer.
This
review
aims
provide
comprehensive
overview
current
state
potential
in
context
carcinoma.
Through
advanced
image
analysis
algorithms,
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
technologies
facilitate
quantification
cellular
molecular
markers,
leading
improved
accuracy
reproducibility
cancer
diagnosis.
Digital
platforms
empower
remote
collaboration
between
pathologists
help
with
creation
databases
for
further
research
machine
learning
applications.
The
integration
other
modalities,
such
radiology
genomics,
enables
novel
multimodal
characterization
different
types
With
continuous
advancements
refinement,
AI
are
expected
play
an
integral
role
diagnostics
clinical
decision-making,
improving
patient
outcomes.
this
article,
we
explored
instruments
available
clear
cell,
papillary
chromophobe
cancers
from
pathologist
data
analyst
perspectives.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11(4), P. 1071 - 1071
Published: April 2, 2023
Renal
cell
carcinoma
(RCC)
is
the
seventh
most
common
cancer
in
men
and
ninth
women
worldwide.
There
plenty
of
evidence
about
role
immune
system
surveillance
against
tumors.
Thanks
to
a
better
understanding
immunosurveillance
mechanisms,
immunotherapy
has
been
introduced
as
promising
treatment
recent
years.
long
thought
chemoresistant
but
highly
immunogenic.
Considering
that
up
30%
patients
present
metastatic
disease
at
diagnosis,
around
20–30%
undergoing
surgery
will
suffer
recurrence,
we
need
identify
novel
therapeutic
targets.
The
introduction
checkpoint
inhibitors
(ICIs)
clinical
management
RCC
revolutionized
approach
this
tumor.
Several
trials
have
shown
therapy
with
ICIs
combination
or
tyrosine
kinase
inhibitor
very
good
response
rate.
In
review
article
summarize
mechanisms
immunity
modulation
checkpoints
discuss
potential
strategies
renal
treatment.
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(12), P. 3888 - 3888
Published: June 7, 2023
Globally,
clear-cell
renal
cell
carcinoma
(ccRCC)
represents
the
most
prevalent
type
of
kidney
cancer.
Surgery
plays
a
key
role
in
treatment
this
cancer,
although
one
third
patients
are
diagnosed
with
metastatic
ccRCC
and
about
25%
will
develop
recurrence
after
nephrectomy
curative
intent.
Molecular-target-based
agents,
such
as
tyrosine
kinase
inhibitors
(TKIs)
immune
checkpoint
(ICIs),
recommended
for
advanced
cancers.
In
addition
to
cancer
cells,
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
includes
non-malignant
types
embedded
an
altered
extracellular
matrix
(ECM).
The
evidence
confirms
that
interactions
among
cells
TME
elements
exist
thought
play
crucial
roles
development
making
them
promising
therapeutic
targets.
TME,
unfavorable
pH,
waste
product
accumulation,
competition
nutrients
between
may
be
regarded
further
possible
mechanisms
escape.
To
enhance
immunotherapies
reduce
resistance,
it
is
first
understand
how
work
interact
other
cancer-associated
complex
microenvironment.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(13), P. 10846 - 10846
Published: June 29, 2023
MicroRNAs
(miRNAs)
are
emerging
as
biomarkers
for
the
detection
and
prognosis
of
cancers
due
to
their
inherent
stability
resilience.
To
summarize
evidence
regarding
role
urinary
miRNAs
(umiRNAs)
in
detection,
prognosis,
therapy
genitourinary
cancers,
we
performed
a
systematic
review
most
important
scientific
databases
using
following
keywords:
(urinary
miRNA)
AND
(prostate
cancer);
(bladder
(renal
(testicular
(urothelial
cancer).
Of
all,
1364
articles
were
screened.
Only
original
studies
English
language
on
human
specimens
considered
inclusion
our
review.
Thus,
convenient
sample
60
was
identified.
UmiRNAs
up-
or
downregulated
prostate
cancer
may
serve
potential
non-invasive
molecular
biomarkers.
Several
umiRNAs
have
been
identified
diagnostic
urothelial
carcinoma
bladder
(BC),
allowing
us
discriminate
malignant
from
nonmalignant
forms
hematuria.
could
therapeutic
targets
recurrence
markers
non-muscle-invasive
BC
predict
aggressivity
muscle-invasive
BC.
In
renal
cell
carcinoma,
predictors
tumor
aggressiveness,
progression
metastasis.
play
an
diagnosis,
urological
cancers.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(17), P. 13179 - 13179
Published: Aug. 24, 2023
The
term
"cancer
stem
cell"
(CSC)
refers
to
a
cancer
cell
with
the
following
features:
clonogenic
ability,
expression
of
markers,
differentiation
into
cells
different
lineages,
growth
in
nonadhesive
spheroids,
and
vivo
ability
generate
serially
transplantable
tumors
that
reflect
heterogeneity
primary
cancers
(tumorigenicity).
According
this
model,
CSCs
may
arise
from
normal
cells,
progenitor
and/or
differentiated
because
striking
genetic/epigenetic
mutations
or
fusion
tissue-specific
circulating
bone
marrow
(BMSCs).
use
signaling
pathways
similar
those
controlling
fate
during
early
embryogenesis
(Notch,
Wnt,
Hedgehog,
morphogenetic
proteins
(BMPs),
fibroblast
factors,
leukemia
inhibitory
factor,
transforming
factor-β).
Recent
studies
identified
subpopulation
CD133+/CD24+
ccRCC
specimens
displayed
self-renewal
multipotency.
development
agents
targeting
CSC
signaling-specific
not
only
surface
ultimately
become
utmost
importance
for
patients
RCC.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(9), P. 8391 - 8391
Published: May 7, 2023
Renal
cell
carcinoma
(RCC)
represents
85–95%
of
kidney
cancers
and
is
the
most
frequent
type
renal
cancer
in
adult
patients.
It
accounts
for
3%
all
cases
7th
place
among
histological
types
cancer.
Clear
(ccRCC),
75%
RCCs
has
cancer-related
deaths.
One-third
patients
with
ccRCC
develop
metastases.
presents
cellular
alterations
sugars,
lipids,
amino
acids,
nucleic
acid
metabolism.
RCC
characterized
by
several
metabolic
dysregulations
including
oxygen
sensing
(VHL/HIF
pathway),
glucose
transporters
(GLUT
1
GLUT
4)
energy
sensing,
nutrient
cascade.
Metabolic
reprogramming
an
important
characteristic
cells
to
survive
oxygen-deprived
environments,
proliferate
metastasize
different
body
sites.
The
phosphoinositide
3-kinase-AKT-mammalian
target
rapamycin
(PI3K/AKT/mTOR)
signaling
pathway
usually
dysregulated
various
This
molecular
frequently
correlated
tumor
growth
survival.
main
aim
this
review
present
types,
dysregulation
PI3K/AKT/mTOR
members,
crosstalk
VHL/HIF
axis,
carbohydrates,
alterations.
Diagnostics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(13), P. 2308 - 2308
Published: July 7, 2023
Artificial
intelligence
is
highly
regarded
as
the
most
promising
future
technology
that
will
have
a
great
impact
on
healthcare
across
all
specialties.
Its
subsets,
machine
learning,
deep
and
artificial
neural
networks,
are
able
to
automatically
learn
from
massive
amounts
of
data
can
improve
prediction
algorithms
enhance
their
performance.
This
area
still
under
development,
but
latest
evidence
shows
potential
in
diagnosis,
prognosis,
treatment
urological
diseases,
including
bladder
cancer,
which
currently
using
old
tools
historical
nomograms.
review
focuses
significant
comprehensive
literature
management
cancer
investigates
near
introduction
clinical
practice.
Background:
Micro-RNAs
(miRNA)
are
emerging
as
biomarkers
in
the
detection
and
prognosis
of
cancers
due
to
their
inherent
stability
resilience.
Methods:
To
summarize
evidence
regarding
urinary
miRNA
(umiRNAs)
role
detection,
therapeutic
management
urological
cancers,
we
performed
a
systematic
review
most
important
scientific
databases
using
following
keywords:
(urinary
mir-na)AND(prostate
cancer);
mirna)AND(bladder
mirna)AND(renal
mirna)AND(testicular
mirna)AND(urothelial
cancer).
Results:
Of
all,
1364
articles
were
initially
selected.
Only
original
studies
English
language
on
human
specimens
considered
for
inclusion
our
review.
Thus,
convenient
sample
60
was
identified.
Urinary
(UmiRNAs)
downregulated
prostate
may
serve
potential
non-invasive
molecular
biomarkers.
Several
umiR-NAs
have
been
identified
diagnostic
urothelial
carcinoma
bladder
cancer
(BCa),
allowing
discriminate
malignant
from
non-malignant
forms
haematuria.
UmiRNAs
could
targets
or
recurrence
markers
non-muscle
invasive
BCa
predict
aggressivity
muscle-invasive
BCa.
In
renal
cell
carcinoma,
miRNAs
predictors
tumour
aggressiveness,
progression
metastasis.
Conclusion:
umiRNAs
play
an
diagnosis,
prognosis,
therapy
cancers.
Cancers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(4), P. 810 - 810
Published: Feb. 16, 2024
This
comprehensive
review
critically
examines
the
transformative
impact
of
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
and
radiomics
in
diagnosis,
prognosis,
management
bladder,
kidney,
prostate
cancers.
These
cutting-edge
technologies
are
revolutionizing
landscape
cancer
care,
enhancing
both
precision
personalization
medical
treatments.
Our
provides
an
in-depth
analysis
latest
advancements
AI
radiomics,
with
a
specific
focus
on
their
roles
urological
oncology.
We
discuss
how
have
notably
improved
accuracy
diagnosis
staging
bladder
cancer,
especially
through
advanced
imaging
techniques
like
multiparametric
MRI
(mpMRI)
CT
scans.
tools
pivotal
assessing
muscle
invasiveness
pathological
grades,
critical
elements
formulating
treatment
plans.
In
realm
kidney
aid
distinguishing
between
renal
cell
carcinoma
(RCC)
subtypes
grades.
The
integration
radiogenomics
offers
view
disease
biology,
leading
to
tailored
therapeutic
approaches.
Prostate
also
seen
substantial
benefits
from
these
technologies.
AI-enhanced
has
significantly
tumor
detection
localization,
thereby
aiding
more
effective
planning.
addresses
challenges
integrating
into
clinical
practice,
such
as
need
for
standardization,
ensuring
data
quality,
overcoming
“black
box”
nature
AI.
emphasize
importance
multicentric
collaborations
extensive
studies
enhance
applicability
generalizability
diverse
settings.
conclusion,
represent
major
paradigm
shift
oncology,
offering
precise,
personalized,
patient-centric
approaches
care.
While
potential
improve
diagnostic
accuracy,
patient
outcomes,
our
understanding
biology
is
profound,
application
persist.
advocate
continued
research
development
underscoring
address
existing
limitations
fully
leverage
capabilities
field
BMC Urology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
24(1)
Published: Jan. 13, 2024
Abstract
Objectives
In
this
prospective
cross-sectional
clinical
study,
we
aimed
to
determine
the
efficiency
of
preoperative
hematological
markers
namely
SIRI
(systemic
inflammatory
response
index)
and
SII
for
renal
cell
cancer
predict
possibility
postoperative
metastases.
Methods
Istanbul
Education
Research
Hospital,
Clinic
Urology
Medical
Oncology
in
clinic
between
dates
June
2022
2023
February,
a
diagnosis
by
surgical
or
medical
oncology
units
imported
into
treatment
planning
72
patients
were
included
study.
All
cases
with
diagnoses
carcinoma
searched
from
hospital
records.
Patients
secondary
malignancy,
rheumatological
disorders
ones
recent
blood
product
transfusion
infection
within
1-month-time
excluded
data
analyses.
The
complete
counts
(CBC)
analyzed
just
before
time
biopsy
surgery
studied
calculations.
Twenty-two
metastatic
50
non-metastatic
RCC
included.
values
compared
among
groups
seek
change
case
metastasis
cut-off
value
sought
indicate
malignancy
pathological
diagnosis.
Results
Mean
age
60.12+/-11.55
years
60.25+/-11.72.
Histological
sub-types
specimens
clear
(72%),
chromophobe
(17%),
papillary
(7%)
others
(4%).
Median
1.26
2.1
(mean+/-S.D.
1.76
+/-1.9
3.12+/-4.22
respectively
(
p
<
0.05).
566
1434
870
+/-1019
1537+/-917)
0.001).
AUC
detection
0.809
0.737
SIRI.
Conclusions
indexes
seem
show
moderate
metastases
RCC.
