Harnessing the FOXO-SIRT1 axis: insights into cellular stress, metabolism, and aging

Biogerontology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(2)

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Language: Английский

---

Unlocking Longevity in Aesthetic Dermatology: Epigenetics, Aging, and Personalized Care

International Journal of Dermatology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 10, 2025

ABSTRACT The concept of aging has evolved from being primarily attributed to genetic factors recognizing the critical role epigenetic mechanisms. Recent advancements, such as clocks, have provided tools assess biological age and offer insights into processes at molecular level. In aesthetic dermatology, understanding these allows for more personalized, effective interventions targeting root causes skin aging. This review explores interplay changes, aging, potential personalized care enhance longevity rejuvenation. is based on an extensive literature search conducted across PubMed other scientific databases. Studies focused mechanisms DNA methylation, histone modifications, their relationship Particular attention was given recent advancements in including Horvath's Clock GrimAge, implications dermatological treatments. Epigenetic Clock, demonstrated utility assessing through methylation markers, revealing actionable processes. Energy‐based devices like fractional lasers radiofrequency shown promise reversing age‐related promoting collagen synthesis, reducing age. Additionally, lifestyle diet, sleep, circadian rhythm alignment significantly influence health. Integrating dermatology represents a paradigm shift rejuvenation, allowing treatments that address visible signs underlying Using clocks provides framework tailoring individual patient needs, optimizing outcomes, extending results. Future research should focus longitudinal studies, accessibility, ethical considerations fully harness epigenetics health overall well‐being.

Language: Английский

---

SENESCENT CELLS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN HISTOGENESIS

Morphology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 11, 2025

Cellular senescence is currently one of the dominant concepts aging. Some cells in developing tissues (prenatal histogenesis) and definitive acquire morphofunctional changes associated with an increase size, formation special areas heterochromatin, a secretory phenotype production proinflammatory cytokines, β-galactosidase, TGFβ, etc. combination blocking mitosis due to active transcription р16INK4A, p21CIP1. It assumed that such cells, called senescent, are not transitional form histogenesis from actively functioning component differon dying by programmed types cell death, but separate functional stage cytogenesis. The histogenetic significance physiological reparative regeneration various tissues, as well their effect on histophysiology, requires further study. Pharmacological elimination senescent section anti-aging therapy.

Language: Английский

---

Widespread impact of nucleosome remodelers on transcription at cis-regulatory elements

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2024

Abstract Nucleosome remodeling complexes and other regulatory factors work in concert to build a chromatin environment that directs the expression of distinct set genes each cell using cis-regulatory elements (CREs), such as promoters enhancers, drive transcription both mRNAs CRE-associated non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Two classes ncRNAs include upstream antisense (uaRNAs), which are transcribed divergently from shared mRNA promoter, enhancer (eRNAs), bidirectionally active enhancers. The complicated network CRE regulation by nucleosome remodelers remains only partially explored, with focus on select, limited number remodelers. We endeavored elucidate remodeler-based governing (mRNA, eRNA, uaRNA) murine embryonic stem (ES) cells test hypothesis many SNF2-family collaborate regulate coding transcriptome via alteration underlying architecture. Using depletion followed transient sequencing (TT-seq), we identified thousands misregulated across examined, identifying novel contributions understudied transcription. Our findings suggest eRNA coordinately co-regulated, while uaRNAs sharing common promoter independently regulated. Subsequent mechanistic studies SRCAP CHD8 modulate through classical mechanisms histone variants, broad including SMARCAL1 indirectly contribute transcriptional maintenance genomic stability proper Integrator complex localization. This study systematically examines contribution SNF2-remodelers transcriptome, at least two for remodeler action.

Language: Английский

---

PMMA nanoplastics induce gastric epithelial cellular senescence and cGAS-STING-mediated inflammation via ROS overproduction and NHEJ suppression

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 287, P. 117284 - 117284

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

The increasing environmental presence of nanoplastics (NPs) has raised concerns about their potential impact on biological systems. We investigated the repercussions polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) NPs exposure normal gastric epithelial cells and revealed a pronounced increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Our study demonstrated dose-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) DNA damage, underscoring pivotal role ROS PMMA NPs-mediated effects, novel contribution to existing body knowledge dominated by polystyrene particles. Furthermore, we explored influence damage response mechanisms, highlighting significant inhibition nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). findings help elucidate consequent genomic instability, as evidenced increased chromosomal aberrations micronuclei formation. By connecting these cellular manifestations organism-level hypothesize that play critical aging processes. work an activated cGAS-STING signaling pathway after exposure, which correlated with aging-related inflammation behavioral changes mice. Importantly, our provides comprehensive evidence NPs-induced premature cells, shedding light molecular intricacies underlying repair impairment, inflammation. research prompts heightened caution regarding risks calls for further investigation into broader implications pollutants processes higher organisms.

Language: Английский

---

The Quest for Eternal Youth: Hallmarks of Aging and Rejuvenating Therapeutic Strategies

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 2540 - 2540

Published: Nov. 7, 2024

The impressive achievements made in the last century extending lifespan have led to a significant growth rate of elderly individuals populations across world and an exponential increase incidence age-related conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus type 2, neurodegenerative diseases. To date, geroscientists identified 12 hallmarks aging (genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alterations, loss proteostasis, impaired macroautophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, nutrient sensing, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, defective intercellular communication, chronic inflammation, gut dysbiosis), intricately linked among each other, which can be targeted with senolytic or senomorphic drugs, well more aggressive approaches cell-based therapies. side effects seriously limit use these drugs. However, since rejuvenation is dream mankind, future research expected improve tolerability available drugs highlight novel strategies. In meantime, medical community, healthcare providers, society should decide when start treatments how tailor them individually.

Language: Английский

---

Polyploidy-mediated resilience in hepatic aging: molecular mechanisms and functional implication

Egyptian Liver Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Nov. 12, 2024

Abstract Background Polyploidization, a process where cells acquire additional chromosome sets, is unique characteristic of hepatocytes. This has been increasingly recognized as an adaptive mechanism for maintaining liver function during aging, period characterized by cellular senescence, DNA damage, and metabolic dysregulation. Purpose review explores the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatocyte polyploidization its potential role in promoting resilience against aging-related decline function. We assess how polyploid hepatocytes contribute to genomic stability, stress resistance, adaptation, highlighting their relevance aging. Main body Hepatocyte occurs through such cytokinesis failure endoreplication, leading binuclear or mononuclear cells. Polyploid exhibit enhanced repair capacity, which helps mitigate accumulation age-related damage. The increased gene dosage facilitates better responses, particularly oxidative genotoxic insults. Metabolic adaptations, including xenobiotic metabolism lipid regulation, further support liver’s ability maintain homeostasis Additionally, demonstrate altered epigenetic landscapes proteostasis mechanisms, contributing improved reduced susceptibility senescence. These adaptations collectively enhance structural challenges. Conclusion represents critical protective that safeguard instability, dysfunction, stress. Understanding pathways driving could pave way novel therapeutic strategies combat disorders health span. Graphical

Language: Английский

---

Common features between aging and cancer: a narrative review

Aging advances., Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 1(2), P. 118 - 134

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Aging is a complex biological process characterized by gradual deterioration in physiological activities, contributing to an elevated risk of different age-associated malignancies, including cancer. The current review paper aims elucidate the association between hallmarks aging and parallel development Various cellular molecular mechanisms underlying such as senescence, genomic instability, telomere shortening play significant role accumulation genetic mutations disruption activities. It has also discussed immune system’s aging, indicating how age-linked dysfunction compromises body’s capacity recognize eradicate pre-tumorous cells, thus promoting cancer advancement. This examines affects tumor microenvironment, where age-related alterations stromal extracellular matrix factors lead conditions that promote growth proliferation. Furthermore, it discusses concept “accelerated aging” survivors, highlighting negative effects its therapy intensify process, resulting greater physical cognitive decline. explores prospect new therapies target aging-related processes ameliorate outcomes. Overall, underscores need for ongoing interdisciplinary research understand relationship cancer, ultimately aiming develop more effective prevention treatment approaches.

Language: Английский

---

Biological Basis of Breast Cancer-Related Disparities in Precision Oncology Era

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 4113 - 4113

Published: April 8, 2024

Precision oncology is based on deep knowledge of the molecular profile tumors, allowing for more accurate and personalized therapy specific groups patients who are different in disease susceptibility as well treatment response. Thus, onco-breastomics able to discover novel biomarkers that have been found racial ethnic differences, among other types disparities such chronological or biological age-, sex/gender- environmental-related ones. Usually, evidence suggests breast cancer (BC) due ethnicity, aging rate, socioeconomic position, environmental chemical exposures, psycho-social stressors, comorbidities, Western lifestyle, poverty rurality, organizational health care system factors access. The aim this review was deepen understanding BC-related disparities, mainly from a biomedical perspective, which includes genomic-based tumor biology developmental biology, differences tumors' immune metabolic landscapes, ecological involved these microbiomics- metagenomics-based BC. We can conclude onco-breastomics, principle, genomics, proteomics, epigenomics, hormonomics, metabolomics exposomics data, characterize multiple processes pathways BC clarifying incidence, mortality response patients.

Language: Английский

---

Exploring the Geroprotective Potential of Nutraceuticals

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 2835 - 2835

Published: Aug. 24, 2024

Aging is the result of accumulation a wide variety molecular and cellular damages over time, meaning that “the more damage we accumulate, higher possibility to develop age-related diseases”. Therefore, reduce incidence such diseases improve human health, it becomes important find ways combat damage. In this sense, geroprotectors have been suggested as molecules could slow down or prevent diseases. On other hand, nutraceuticals are another set compounds align with need promote health since they biologically active (occurring naturally in food) that, apart from having nutritional role, preventive properties, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory antitumoral, just mention few. present review using specialized databases Scopus PubMed collected information articles published 2010 2023 order describe role during aging process and, given their targeting hallmarks aging, suggest potential be consumed part our regular diet administered additionally supplements.

Language: Английский

---