Long COVID or Post-COVID-19 Condition: Past, Present and Future Research Directions

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(12), P. 2959 - 2959

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

The presence of symptoms after an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection (long-COVID) has become a worldwide healthcare emergency but remains underestimated and undertreated due to lack recognition the condition knowledge underlying mechanisms. In fact, prevalence post-COVID ranges from 50% during first months up 20% two-years after. This perspective review aimed map existing literature on identify gaps in guide global effort toward improved understanding long-COVID suggest future research directions. There is plethora symptomatology that can be COVID-19; however, today, there no clear classification definition this condition, termed or post-COVID-19 condition. heterogeneity led groups/clusters patients, which could exhibit different risk factors Viral persistence, long-lasting inflammation, immune dysregulation, autoimmune reactions, reactivation latent infections, endothelial dysfunction alteration gut microbiota have been proposed as potential mechanisms explaining complexity long-COVID. such equation, viral biology (e.g., re-infections, variants), host genetics, epigenetics) external vaccination) should also considered. These various will discussed current directions suggested.

Language: Английский

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Nanoparticles of Natural Product-derived Medicines: Beyond the Pandemic

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. e42739 - e42739

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

This review explores the synergistic potential of natural products and nanotechnology for viral infections, highlighting key antiviral, immunomodulatory, antioxidant properties to combat pandemics caused by highly infectious viruses. These often result in severe public health crises, particularly affecting vulnerable populations due respiratory complications increased mortality rates. A cytokine storm is initiated when an overload pro-inflammatory cytokines chemokines released, leading a systemic inflammatory response. Viral mutations limited availability effective drugs, vaccines, therapies contribute continuous transmission virus. The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has sparked renewed interest product-derived antivirals. efficacy traditional medicines against infections examined. Their anti-inflammatory, are highlighted. discusses how enhances herbal combating infections.

Language: Английский

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The Aftermath of COVID-19: Exploring the Long-Term Effects on Organ Systems

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 913 - 913

Published: April 20, 2024

Background: Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) is a complicated disease that affects millions people all over the world. Previous studies have shown PASC impacts 10% infected patients which 50–70% are hospitalised. It has also been 10–12% those vaccinated against COVID-19 were affected by and its complications. The severity later development symptoms positively associated with early intensity infection. Results: generated health complications caused involve vast variety organ systems. Patients diagnosed neuropsychiatric neurological symptoms. cardiovascular system involved several diseases such as myocarditis, pericarditis, coronary artery reported. Chronic hematological problems thrombotic endothelialitis hypercoagulability described conditions could increase risk clotting disorders coagulopathy in patients. Chest pain, breathlessness, cough respiratory long-COVID causing distress syndrome. observed immune notable, involving diseases. renal was impacted, resulted raising issues, fibrosis, sepsis. Endocrine gland malfunction can lead to diabetes, thyroiditis, male infertility. Symptoms diarrhea, nausea, loss appetite, taste among reported observations due gastrointestinal disorders. Skin abnormalities might be an indication long-term implications persistent cutaneous complaints linked PASC. Conclusions: Long-COVID multidimensional syndrome considerable public implications, affecting physiological systems demanding thorough medical therapy, more study address underlying causes effects needed.

Language: Английский

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RNA m5C methylation modification: a potential therapeutic target for SARS-CoV-2-associated myocarditis

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 23, 2024

The Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has quickly spread worldwide and resulted in significant morbidity mortality. Although most infections are mild, some patients can also develop severe fatal myocarditis. In eukaryotic RNAs, 5-methylcytosine (m5C) is a common kind of post-transcriptional modification, which involved regulating various biological processes (such as RNA export, translation, stability maintenance). With rapid development m5C modification detection technology, studies related to viral ever-increasing. These have revealed that plays an important role stages replication, including transcription translation. According recent studies, methylation regulate SARS-CoV-2 infection modulating innate immune signaling pathways. However, specific SARS-CoV-2-induced myocarditis remains unclear. Therefore, this review aims provide insights into molecular mechanisms infection. Moreover, regulatory NSUN2 host response was highlighted. This may new directions for developing therapeutic strategies SARS-CoV-2-associated

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk between ROS-inflammatory gene expression axis in the progression of lung disorders

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Possible Role of Cannabis in the Management of Neuroinflammation in Patients with Post-COVID Condition

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3805 - 3805

Published: March 29, 2024

The post-COVID condition (PCC) is a pathology stemming from COVID-19, and studying its pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment crucial. Neuroinflammation causes the most common manifestations of this disease including headaches, fatigue, insomnia, depression, anxiety, among others. Currently, there are no specific management proposals; however, given that inflammatory component involves cytokines free radicals, these conditions must be treated to reduce current symptoms provide neuroprotection risk long-term neurodegenerative disease. It has been shown cannabis compounds with immunomodulatory antioxidant functions in other pathologies. Therefore, exploring approach could viable therapeutic option for PCC, which purpose review. This review involved an exhaustive search specialized databases PubMed, PubChem, ProQuest, EBSCO, Scopus, Science Direct, Web Science, Clinical Trials. Phytocannabinoids, cannabidiol (CBD), cannabigerol (CBG), Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), exhibit significant antioxidative anti-inflammatory properties have effective neuroinflammatory conditions. These promising adjuvants PCC alone or combination antioxidants therapies. presents challenges neurological health, neuroinflammation oxidative stress play central roles pathogenesis. Antioxidant therapy cannabinoid-based approaches represent areas research mitigating adverse effects, but further studies needed.

Language: Английский

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Drp1–associated genes implicated in sepsis survival

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Sepsis is a severe and life-threatening medical syndrome that can lead to organ failure death. Despite advances in treatment, current therapies are often inadequate, with high septic mortality rates. Therefore, there critical need for reliable prognostic markers be used clinical settings improve the management outcomes of patients sepsis. Recent studies have suggested mitochondrial dynamics, including processes fission fusion, closely related severity sepsis status inflammation. By monitoring transcriptomic signals new biomarkers engineered more accurately predict survival risk. Such would invaluable settings, aiding healthcare providers early identification high-risk improving treatment strategies. To achieve this goal, we utilized major regulatory protein dynamin-related 1 (Drp1, gene code DNM1L) identified Drp1-associated genes enriched genes. A 12-gene signature (GS) was established as differentially expressed (DEG)-based GS. Next, compared proteins interact Drp1 7 common genes, establishing GS term protein-protein interaction (PPI)-based evaluate if these GSs survival, publicly available human blood datasets from patients. We confirmed both successfully discovery validation cohorts sensitivity specificity, PPI-based showing enhanced performance. Together, study engineers validated blood-borne biomarker (PPI-based 7-gene GS) risk prediction. This holds potential optimizing personalized strategies reduce mortality.

Language: Английский

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Proteomic and serologic assessments of responses to mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccines in human recipient sera

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Introduction The first vaccines approved against SARS-CoV-2, mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2, utilized mRNA platforms. However, little is known about the proteomic markers pathways associated with host immune responses to vaccination. In this proof-of-concept study, sera from male female vaccine recipients were evaluated for immunologic 1-month 6-months following homologous third Methods An aptamer-based (7,289 marker) assay coupled traditional serology was leveraged generate a comprehensive evaluation of systemic responsiveness in 64 68 healthy BNT162b2 vaccines, respectively. Results Sera showed upregulated indicators inflammatory immunological at post-third vaccination, demonstrated negative regulators RNA sensors 1-month. no significant upregulation though there multiple significantly markers. response doublestranded cell-cycle G(2)/M transition Random Forest analysis data pre-third-dose identified 85 used develop model predictive robust or weaker IgG antibody levels SARS-CoV-2 spike protein boost; specific individually 6-month response. Thirty that contributed most complement cascade activation; IL-17, TNFR pro-apoptotic, PI3K signaling; cell cycle progression. Discussion These results demonstrate utility proteomics evaluate correlates predictors serological

Language: Английский

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Cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, and nitric oxide as determinants of resting heart rate variability in non-hospitalized mild post-COVID individuals: a cross-sectional study

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Abstract Background The association between plasma lipids, nitric oxide (NO) and cardiovascular risk has been well documented in the literature, however, these outcomes heart rate variability (HRV) COVID-19 remains incipient as there is no scientific evidence that investigated this outcome. Objective Investigate whether metabolic may be associated with cardiac autonomic behavior arising from short-term HRV variables non-hospitalized mild post-COVID individuals. Methods This a cross-sectional study. Individuals of both sexes, aged ≥ 18 years, who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 according to RT-PCR test, without need hospitalization, were included. was collected supine position at least 10 min later analysis Kubios software. Metabolic [high density lipoprotein (HDL) (mg/dL), cholesterol triglycerides (mg/dL) NO (µmol/L)] through blood sample. Results Seventy-three individuals included (post-COVID = 32; control 41). worse group when compared ( p < 0.05). Cholesterol, HDL, showed significant correlations indices. Regression models indicated triglycerides, NO, explain up 30.3% variations certain indices, suggesting an impact on modulation. Conclusion There relationship COVID-19. are 16.6% 30.30% resting Clinical trial number Not applicable.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling the Impact of COVID-19 on Ovarian Function and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: A Systematic Review

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 407 - 407

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Background/Objectives: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a disorder that affects women under the age of 40. It characterized by decreased function, elevated gonadotropin levels, and estradiol. SARS-CoV-2 disrupts function largely through oxidative stress, inflammation, immunological dysregulation, which are enhanced its entrance into tissues via ACE2 receptors. The purpose this comprehensive review was to investigate molecular pathways link infection POI analyze their consequences for reserve fertility. Methods: We searched databases such as PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Google Scholar papers published between 2020 2024. Eligible studies investigated effects on including hormonal indicators anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) follicle-stimulating (FSH), oocyte quality, reserve. data were compiled complete examination molecules clinical findings. Increased inflammatory indicators, interleukin-6 NLRP3 inflammasome activation, impaired homeostasis. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in follicular fluid could have quality. Observational showed transitory decreases AMH changed FSH levels following infection, with variable antral follicle count IVF results. Changes lipid profiles VEGF expression emphasized virus's influence angiogenesis microenvironment. Conclusions: impairs causing disruption, thereby increasing incidence POI. While most alterations temporary, long-term reproductive remain unknown. Continuous monitoring specific treatments required reduce risks associated COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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