The Effects of Yoga on Key Adipocytokines in Obesity: A Narrative Review of Leptin and Adiponectin

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Obesity is a global health concern that increases the risk of numerous complications, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Conventional obesity treatments, such as lifestyle modifications, pharmacotherapy, surgical interventions, are often insufficient, highlighting need for more efficient effective approaches. Yoga, an ancient mind-body practice incorporating physical postures (asanas), breathing exercises (pranayama), meditation, has emerged potential therapeutic intervention management. This review examines functions leptin adiponectin, two key adipocytokines central to obesity, evaluates impact yoga on these hormones. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar with keywords "yoga" "adipocytokine" May 5, 2024, resulting in selection 12 relevant studies. The majority studies reviewed demonstrated significantly decreases levels adiponectin levels. Intensive sessions combined dietary interventions were found contribute notably improvements hormonal These findings suggest may improve balance between offering beneficial effects anti-obesity chronic inflammation reduction. economical non-invasive treatment option, presents promising approach managing obesity. Further research expected elucidate underlying mechanisms explore clinical applications.

Language: Английский

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Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and cardiovascular risk: a comprehensive review

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Sept. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Adipokines and Cardiometabolic Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A State-of-the-Art Review

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(23), P. 2677 - 2677

Published: Nov. 27, 2024

Background: Cardiometabolic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is largely driven by obesity-related factors, including adipokines and bioactive peptides primarily secreted the adipose tissue, such as leptin, adiponectin, resistin. These molecules link metabolic dysregulation to cardiovascular dysfunction, influencing HFpEF progression patient outcomes Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed up 20 November 2024, using keywords MeSH terms, “HFpEF”, “adipokines”, “leptin”, “adiponectin”, “resistin”, yielding 723 results. Boolean operators refined search, reference lists of key studies were reviewed. After screening for duplicates irrelevant studies, 103 articles included, providing data on adipokines’ roles pathophysiology, biomarkers, therapeutic implications. Results: Both preclinical clinical have demonstrated that play a role modulating function, thereby contributing development cardiometabolic HFpEF. Leptin promotes myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis, endothelial inflammation, though contradictory evidence suggests potential cardioprotective subgroups like obese African American women. Adiponectin generally offers protective effects but presents paradox, where elevated levels may correlate worse outcomes, which reflect either compensatory response cardiac dysfunction or maladaptive state characterized adiponectin resistance. Resistin associated increased risk through pro-inflammatory pro-fibrotic effects, its requires further clarification. Other adipokines, retinol-binding protein 4 omentin-1, emerged contributors. Despite growing insights, translation remains limited, underscoring significant gap between experimental application. Conclusions: Future research should focus targeted interventions modulate adipokine pathways potentially improve outcomes. Innovative treatment strategies addressing underlying disturbances are essential advancing management this challenging condition.

Language: Английский

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Sympathetic nervous system inhibition enhances cardiac metabolism and improves hemodynamics and glucose-insulin dynamics in obese and lean rat models

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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New Mechanisms to Prevent Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Using Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonism (GLP-1 RA) in Metabolic Syndrome and in Type 2 Diabetes: A Review

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(8), P. 4407 - 4407

Published: April 17, 2024

This review examines the impact of obesity on pathophysiology heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and focuses novel mechanisms for HFpEF prevention using a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonism (GLP-1 RA). Obesity can lead to through various mechanisms, including low-grade systemic inflammation, adipocyte dysfunction, accumulation visceral adipose tissue, increased pericardial/epicardial tissue (contributing an increase in myocardial fat content interstitial fibrosis). Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is incretin hormone that released from enteroendocrine L-cells gut. GLP-1 reduces blood glucose levels by stimulating insulin synthesis, suppressing islet α-cell function, promoting proliferation differentiation β-cells. regulates gastric emptying appetite, RA currently indicated treating type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS). Recent evidence indicates may play significant role preventing patients MS, or obese T2D. effect be due activating cardioprotective (the endogenous counter-regulatory renin angiotensin system AMPK/mTOR pathway) inhibiting deleterious remodeling PKA/RhoA/ROCK pathway, aldosterone levels, microinflammation). However, there still need further research validate these humans.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Inflammatory Mediators in the Pathogenesis of Obesity

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 2822 - 2822

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Obesity is a pandemic of the 21st century, and prevalence this metabolic condition has enormously increased over past few decades. associated with number comorbidities complications, such as diabetes cardiovascular disorders, which can be severe fatal outcomes. Adipose tissue an endocrine organ that secretes numerous molecules proteins are capable modifying immune responses. The progression obesity adipose dysfunction, characterised by enhanced inflammation apoptosis. Increased fat-tissue mass dysregulated secretion substances adipocytes, leads to alterations. Importantly, contains cells, profile changes obesity. For instance, increasing fat enhances presence pro-inflammatory variants macrophages, major sources tumour necrosis factor α other inflammatory mediators promote insulin resistance. pathogenesis complex, understanding pathophysiological mechanisms involved may provide novel treatment methods could prevent development serious complications. aim review discuss current evidence describing involvement various in

Language: Английский

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Adipokines in the Crosstalk between Adipose Tissues and Other Organs: Implications in Cardiometabolic Diseases

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 2129 - 2129

Published: Sept. 19, 2024

Adipose tissue was previously regarded as a dormant organ for lipid storage until the identification of adiponectin and leptin in early 1990s. This revelation unveiled dynamic endocrine function adipose tissue, which has expanded further. emerged recent decades multifunctional that plays significant role energy metabolism homeostasis. Currently, it is evident primarily performs its by secreting diverse array signaling molecules known adipokines. Apart from their pivotal expenditure regulation, these adipokines exert influence over multitude biological processes, including but not limited to inflammation, thermoregulation, immune response, vascular function, insulin sensitivity. Adipokines are regulating numerous processes within facilitating communication between various organs, brain, gut, pancreas, endothelial cells, liver, muscle, more. Dysregulated have been implicated several metabolic diseases, like obesity diabetes, well cardiovascular diseases. In this article, we attempted describe significance developing diseases highlight crosstalk tissues other organs.

Language: Английский

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Adipokines—A Cohort Prospective Study in Children with Severe Burns

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(14), P. 7630 - 7630

Published: July 11, 2024

Burns generate every year an important burden of morbidity, being a major global public health problem through prolonged hospitalization, complications, and increased mortality. This study’s purpose was to evaluate the serum levels three adipokines establish significant correlations with other circulating molecules some clinical parameters. We evaluated 32 children severe burns (over 25% total burned surface area—TBSA) at 48 h, day 10, 21 post burn, controls. The adiponectin, resistin, leptin, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), C-reactive protein (CRP) (among nine biochemical parameters) were detected by Multiplex technique. Significant statistical differences obtained for resistin leptin compared control group, in different moments measurements. Adiponectin presented statistically hot liquid mechanism Revised Baux score, TBSA, PAI-1, CRP, TNF-α, triglycerides (TGLs) levels. Resistin TNF-α. Additionally, we found between length PAI-1 In severely children, specifically correlate parameters proteins involved systemic inflammatory response hypermetabolic response.

Language: Английский

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Adipokines and their potential impacts on susceptibility to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in diabetes

Lipids in Health and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Nov. 13, 2024

Abstract Coronary artery disease has a high mortality rate and is striking public health concern, affecting substantial portion of the global population. On early onset myocardial ischemia, thrombolytic therapy coronary revascularization could promptly restore bloodstream nutrient supply to ischemic tissue, efficiently preserving less severely injured myocardium. However, abrupt re-establishment blood flow triggers significant discharge previously accumulated oxidative substances inflammatory cytokines, leading further harm referred as ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Diabetes significantly raises vulnerability heart I/R injury due disrupted glucose lipid processing, impaired insulin sensitivity metabolic signaling, increased responses. Numerous studies have indicated that adipokines are crucial in etiology pathogenesis obesity, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, disease. Adipokines such adiponectin, adipsin, visfatin, chemerin, omentin, apelin, which possess protective properties against activity resistance, been shown confer protection conditions atherosclerosis, hypertrophy, injury, diabetic complications. other hand, leptin resistin, known for their pro-inflammatory characteristics, linked elevated cardiac deposition, fibrosis. Meteorin-like (metrnl) exhibits opposite effects various pathological conditions. data on I/R, especially still incomplete controversial. This review focuses recent research regarding categorization function muscle, identification different signaling pathways involved under conditions, aiming facilitate exploration therapeutic strategies diabetes.

Language: Английский

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The interplay of leptin and the peripheral endocannabinoid system in energy homeostasis and obesity; modulation by linoleic acid and exercise

Advanced Exercise and Health Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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