Cancers,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(22), P. 3725 - 3725
Published: Nov. 5, 2024
Epigenetic
dysregulation
is
a
hallmark
of
many
human
malignancies,
with
DNA
methylation
being
primary
mechanism
influencing
gene
expression
and
maintaining
genomic
stability.
Genome-wide
hypomethylation,
characteristic
cancers,
partly
attributed
to
the
demethylation
repetitive
elements,
including
LINE-1,
prevalent
non-LTR
retrotransposon.
The
status
LINE-1
closely
associated
overall
levels
in
tumors.
cfDNA
comprises
extracellular
fragments
found
bodily
fluids
such
as
plasma,
serum,
urine,
offering
dynamic
snapshot
genetic
epigenetic
landscape
This
real-time
sampling
provides
minimally
invasive
avenue
for
cancer
diagnostics,
prognostics,
monitoring.
has
emerged
promising
biomarker,
several
studies
highlighting
its
potential
diagnosing
predicting
outcomes
patients.
Recent
research
also
suggests
that
cfDNA-based
analysis
could
serve
valuable
tool
evaluating
efficacy
therapies,
immunotherapy.
growing
clinical
significance
calls
closer
examination
components,
particularly
elements
like
LINE-1.
Despite
their
importance,
role
not
been
thoroughly
gauged.
We
aim
address
this
gap
by
reviewing
current
literature
on
assays,
focusing
applications
diagnostics
disease
Frontiers in Aging,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
5
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
Memory
formation
is
associated
with
constant
modifications
of
neuronal
networks
and
synaptic
plasticity
gene
expression
in
response
to
different
environmental
stimuli
experiences.
Dysregulation
affects
memory
during
aging
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Covalent
such
as
methylation
on
DNA
acetylation
histones
regulate
the
transcription
genes.
Changes
these
epigenetic
marks
correlated
alteration
aging.
These
modifications,
turn,
are
regulated
by
physiology
metabolism.
Steroid
hormone
estrogen
metabolites
S-adenosyl
methionine
acetyl
CoA
directly
impact
histones'
levels.
Thus,
decline
levels
or
imbalance
underlying
brain
functions.
In
present
review,
we
discussed
importance
histone
chromatin
regulation
consolidation,
modulation
modifiers
phytochemicals
vitamins.
Further,
understanding
molecular
mechanisms
that
modulate
will
help
develop
recovery
approaches.
Neurosciences,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
30(1), P. 5 - 19
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
The
hippocampus,
noted
as
(HC),
plays
a
crucial
role
in
the
processes
of
learning,
memory
formation,
and
spatial
navigation.
Recent
research
reveals
that
this
brain
region
can
undergo
structural
functional
changes
due
to
environmental
exposures,
including
stress,
noise
pollution,
sleep
deprivation,
microgravity.
This
review
synthesizes
findings
from
animal
human
studies,
emphasizing
HC's
plasticity
response
these
factors.
It
examines
volume,
architecture,
neurogenesis,
synaptic
plasticity,
gene
expression
highlights
critical
periods
vulnerability
influences
impacting
cognition
behavior.
also
investigates
underlying
mechanisms
such
glucocorticoid
signaling,
epigenetic
alterations,
neural
circuit
adaptations.
Understanding
how
HC
reacts
various
exposures
is
vital
for
developing
strategies
enhance
cognitive
resilience
mitigate
negative
effects
on
region.
Further
needed
identify
protective
risk
factors
create
effective
interventions.
Current Opinion in Neurology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Feb. 7, 2025
Purpose
of
review
The
present
aims
to
provide
an
overview
the
existing
understanding
role
gut
microbiome
in
Alzheimer's
disease
pathophysiology.
Recent
findings
research
has
highlighted
significant
pathogenesis
via
gut-brain
axis.
However,
precise
mechanisms
by
which
and
its
microbial
metabolites
influence
brain
function
are
not
clearly
understood.
Various
factors,
such
as
diet,
drugs,
lifestyle,
stress,
infections
can
provoke
imbalance
homeostasis,
known
dysbiosis.
This
dysbiosis
impacts
intestinal
blood-brain
barrier
permeability,
elevating
pro-inflammatory
cytokines
contributing
neurodegeneration.
Moreover,
generates
neurotransmitters,
amyloids,
neurotoxins,
metabolites,
may
play
a
systemic
inflammation
disruption
physiological
barriers.
Summary
In
past
decade,
advancements
analysis
technologies
bioinformatics
have
significantly
enhanced
our
disease.
plays
pivotal
regulatory
progression
disease,
closely
interacts
with
pathogenesis,
encompassing
inflammation,
amyloidosis,
neurodegeneration,
tauopathy,
co-pathologies.
Proteome Science,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: March 13, 2025
Lysine
crotonylation
(Kcr)
is
a
novel
post-translational
modification
that
important
in
functional
studies.
However,
our
understanding
of
Kcr
the
developing
human
fetus
brain,
heart,
kidney,
liver,
and
lung
remains
restricted.
In
this
study,
we
used
high-resolution
LC-MS/MS
high-sensitivity
immunoaffinity
purification
to
analyze
17-week
fetus.
A
total
24,947
sites
were
identified
5,102
proteins,
resulting
most
diverse
proteome
organs
ever
reported.
We
investigated
universality
specificity
during
development
several
using
bioinformatics
analysis.
proteins
found
be
closely
associated
with
synthesis,
transcription
translation
genetic
material,
energy
production
metabolic
processes.
Importantly,
expression
each
organ
was
related
organs'
developmental
functions.
Furthermore,
highly
modified
may
targets
development.
This
discovery
advances
establishes
groundwork
for
future
research
into
regulatory
mechanisms
Biomolecules,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(11), P. 1366 - 1366
Published: Oct. 27, 2024
Individuals
affected
by
neurodegenerative
diseases,
including
Alzheimer’s
disease
(AD),
Parkinson’s
(PD),
and
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis
(ALS),
are
dramatically
increasing
worldwide.
Thus,
several
efforts
being
made
to
develop
strategies
for
stopping
or
slowing
the
spread
of
these
illnesses.
Although
causative
genetic
variants
linked
onset
diseases
known,
they
can
explain
only
a
small
portion
cases.
The
etiopathology
underlying
process
in
most
patients
is
likely
due
interplay
between
predisposing
environmental
factors.
Epigenetic
mechanisms,
DNA
methylation,
central
candidates
translating
effects
factors
genome
modulation,
play
critical
role
etiology
AD,
PD,
ALS.
Among
main
exposures
that
have
been
an
increased
risk
accumulating
evidence
points
heavy
metals,
pesticides,
air
pollutants.
These
compounds
could
trigger
neurodegeneration
through
different
mainly
neuroinflammation
induction
oxidative
stress.
However,
suggests
also
capable
inducing
epigenetic
alterations
neurons.
In
this
article,
we
review
available
literature
linking
exposure
pollutants
methylation
changes
relevant
neurodegeneration.
World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(3)
Published: Aug. 29, 2024
Autism
spectrum
disorder
(ASD)
is
a
complex
neurodevelopmental
condition
characterized
by
heterogeneous
symptoms
and
genetic
underpinnings.
Recent
advancements
in
epigenetic
research
have
provided
insights
into
the
intricate
mechanisms
contributing
to
ASD,
influencing
both
diagnosis
therapeutic
strategies.
