Protective Role of Dietary Polyphenols in the Management and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 275 - 275

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a serious metabolic disorder, is worldwide health problem due to the alarming rise in prevalence and elevated morbidity mortality. Chronic hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, ineffective effect secretion are hallmarks of T2DM, leading many secondary complications. These include, particular, cardiovascular disorders, diabetic neuropathy, nephropathy retinopathy, foot, osteoporosis, liver damage, susceptibility infections some cancers. Polyphenols such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, stilbenes, tannins, lignans constitute an extensive heterogeneous group phytochemicals fresh fruits, vegetables their products. Various vitro studies, animal model studies available clinical trials revealed that flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, kaempferol, rutin, epicatechin, genistein, daidzein, anthocyanins), acids chlorogenic, caffeic, ellagic, gallic curcumin), stilbenes resveratrol), tannins procyanidin B2, seaweed phlorotannins), pinoresinol) have ability lower enhance sensitivity improve secretion, scavenge reactive oxygen species, reduce chronic inflammation, modulate gut microbiota, alleviate complications T2DM. The interaction between polyphenols conventional antidiabetic drugs offers promising strategy management treatment especially advanced disease stages. Synergistic effects with been documented, but also antagonistic interactions may impair drug efficacy. Therefore, additional research required clarify mutual order use knowledge applications. Nevertheless, dietary can be successfully applied part supportive for they both obvious symptoms

Language: Английский

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A Real-Life Study in Sequential Therapy for Severe Menopausal Osteoporosis

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 627 - 627

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

Background: Teriparatide (TPT) acts against severe primary (postmenopausal) osteoporosis (MOP), and it requires continuation with another anti-resorptive drug to conserve or enhance the effects on fracture risk reduction. Objective: To analyse sequential pharmacotherapy in MOP who were treated upon a 24-month daily 20 µg TPT protocol (24-mo-TPT) followed by 12 months of drugs (12-mo-AR) amid real-life settings. Hypotheses: 1. candidates had more profile versus those did not fulfil criteria according national initiation; 2. Patients improved their DXA after 24 mo; 3. After 1 year therapy since last injection, bone at end conserved; 4. The mineral metabolism assays status similar initiation between finished mo prematurely stopped it. Methods: This was longitudinal, retrospective, multicentre study MOP. entire cohort (group A) included group (B) non-TPT (non-B). Group B subjects 24-mo-TPT P) early droppers (ED), then both continued 12-mo-AR. Results: (40.5%) from A (N = 79) vs. non-B lower T-scores, increased age years menopause. demographic features, BTM, prevalent fractures (73%, respectively, 57%) found P (72%) ED (21.8%). P: osteocalcin statistically significantly higher (+308.39%), (+171.65%) baseline (p < 0.001 for each), while 12-mo-AR became 0.615). cumulative probability transient hypercalcemia-free follow-up highest value 0.97 6 mo. An incidental (1/32) confirmed under 24-mo-TPT. BMD mean percent increase lumbar spine +8.21% 0.001), +12.22% +11.39% 0.001). pharmacologic sequence bisphosphonates (24.24% oral BP) denosumab (13%). BTM showed suppression 0.05), all BMD/T-scores stationary. No registered during Conclusions: All research hypotheses confirmed. high-risk highlighted an effective reducing as pinpointed BMD/T-score measurements analysing profile.

Language: Английский

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The association between the ZJU index and bone mineral density (BMD) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Background Previous studies have suggested that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with poor bone health, including osteoporosis (OP) and osteopenia. The ZJU index, a novel calculation integrates fasting plasma glucose (FPG), body mass index (BMI), triglyceride (TG), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) to aspartate (AST) ratio, strongly glucolipid metabolism insulin resistance (IR). In this study, we explored the association of mineral density (BMD) OP/osteopenia, investigated predictive effect on OP/osteopenia in patients T2DM. Methods This cross-sectional study included 496 T2DM aged > 50 years. clinical data were collected BMD femoral neck (FN), left hip (LH), lumbar spine (LS) measured. between BMDs levels was by adjusting for covariates utilizing multiple linear regression analyses. Multivariable logistic constructed identify independent factors OP osteopenia, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves used display diagnostic performance according area under ROC curve (AUC). Results osteopenia showed significantly higher than those normal (39.387 ± 3.558, 38.112 2.552 vs 35.192 2.600, p < 0.001). Spearman’s correlation analysis negatively correlated FN (r = -0.39, 0.001), LH -0.35, LS -0.32, indicated negative (β -0.006, 0.009), -0.155, 0.011) after adjusted covariates. Meanwhile, results revealed contributing factor risk individuals years (OR 1.446, 95% CI: 1.087 ~ 1.923, 0.011; OR 1.878, 1.218 3.715, 0.039, respectively). provided AUC value 0.695 0.716 T2DM, respectively. Conclusions A high an increasing OP. expected be potential detecting decreased middle-aged elderly patients. Early intervention increased may further reduce incidence OP, addition focusing biomarker practice.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Chrysin, a Flavonoid Present in Food, on the Skeletal System in Rats with Experimental Type 1 Diabetes

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 316 - 316

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Background: It seems that some substances of plant origin may exert health-promoting activities in diabetes and its complications, including those concerning bones. Chrysin (5,7-dihydroxyflavone), present honey, plants, food origin, has been reported to exert, among others, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory antidiabetic effects. The aim this study was investigate the effects chrysin on skeletal system rats with experimental type 1 (T1D). Methods: experiments were carried out mature male Wistar rats. T1D induced by a single streptozotocin injection. Administration (50 or 100 mg/kg p.o., once daily) began two weeks later lasted four weeks. Serum bone turnover markers, mass, density mineralization, mechanical properties histomorphometric parameters cancellous compact examined. Results: profoundly affected metabolism, leading worsening strength comparison healthy controls. After administration chrysin, slight improvement only demonstrated relation diabetic Conclusions: Results indicate very limited favorable conditions.

Language: Английский

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Associations of the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with mortality among patients in osteopenia or osteoporosis

Bone, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 193, P. 117408 - 117408

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, dapagliflozin and canagliflozin, on the musculoskeletal system in an experimental model of diabetes induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin in rats

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 184, P. 117912 - 117912

Published: Feb. 16, 2025

Language: Английский

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Obesity Limits Utility of Vertebral Bone Quality Score for Opportunistic Osteopenia/Osteoporosis Screening in Cervical Surgery Patients

Global Spine Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Comparative study. The vertebral bone quality (VBQ) score is a validated opportunistic screening tool for mineral density (BMD). Obesity, often associated with hyperlipidemia and fat infiltration, may result in lower VBQ-derived BMD. However, studies have shown that dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-derived BMD tends to increase obesity. Given this paradox, the aim of study was evaluate effect obesity on utility VBQ osteopenia/osteoporosis screening. A total 310 consecutive patients degenerative cervical myelopathy were included. Body mass index (BMI) classified into underweight/normal, overweight, groups. Pearson's correlation assessed associations BMI score, Hounsfield unit (HU) values, T-score. HU values discriminate normal from analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis area under (AUC). higher T-score, but not values. between T-score decreased increasing BMI, eventually becoming nonsignificant group (r = 0.241, P .082). effective identifying obese (AUC 0.59, .282). Compared several subgroups 0.75 0.88, < .001). Cervical no longer reliable indicator DXA-derived patients. Even when appears normal, it should be solely relied upon preclude further DXA evaluation.

Language: Английский

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Temporal Patterns and Treatment Associations in Complications Following Hip Arthroplasty

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 815 - 815

Published: March 23, 2025

Background and Objectives: Hip arthroplasty is commonly performed to enhance mobility quality of life in patients with severe joint degeneration. However, post-surgery complications such as infections, dislocations, mechanical failures remain prevalent vary over time. This study examines the relationship between time intervals occurrence explores associations specific treatment modalities complications. It also investigates temporal patterns infectious inform more effective care. Materials Methods: A retrospective cohort was conducted on hip analyze distribution across medium-term (1-5 years) long-term (≥6 intervals. Treatment modalities, including debridement, lavage, antibiotics, interventions, were analyzed for their association Chi-Square tests used, significance set at p < 0.05. Results: significant found (χ2 = 58.149, df 19, 0.001). Infections medium-term, while dislocation, implant loosening, periprosthetic fractures common long-term. Antibiotics strongly linked 279.000, 0.001), treatments associated dislocations. Conclusions: The confirms that timing plays a critical role occurrence. Specific become different intervals, emphasizing need tailored strategies. infections interventions dislocations should be adjusted based timing. These findings highlight importance time-specific care suggest areas further research strategies risk factors.

Language: Английский

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Metformin attenuates diabetic osteoporosis by suppressing ferroptosis via the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 26, 2025

Background Ferroptosis is a critical factor in the impairment of osteoblast function osteoporosis. Metformin (Met), biguanide antidiabetic drug, has demonstrated anti-osteoporotic effects and been confirmed to exert therapeutic benefits diabetic osteoporosis (DOP). Nevertheless, underlying mechanisms through which Met affects bone metabolism remain ambiguous. Objective This study seeks elucidate DOP explore potential it mediates treatment effects. Methods In vitro , we utilized osteoblasts impact on differentiation anti-ferroptosis high glucose palmitic acid (HGHF) environment. vivo developed model utilizing high-fat diet along with streptozocin injections evaluated bone-protective micro-CT histomorphological analyses. Results inhibits HGHF-induced ferroptosis osteoblasts, as indicated by elevation ferroptosis-protective proteins (GPX4, FTH1, SLAC7A11), decreased lipid peroxidation ferrous ion levels. Furthermore, augmented levels osteogenic markers (RUNX2 COL1A1) enhanced alkaline phosphatase activity under HGHF conditions. Mechanistic investigations revealed that activates AMPK/Nrf2 pathway, effectively preventing progression. Additionally, results alleviates loss microstructural deterioration rats. Conclusion can activate pathway prevent ferroptosis, thereby protecting against DOP.

Language: Английский

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An update on bone in diabetes

Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 10, 2025

Purpose of review As the prevalence diabetes mellitus (DM) increases due to urbanization, aging populations, and lifestyle changes, it is crucial understand mechanisms, diagnosis, treatment diabetes-related bone disorders. This highlights recent advancements in field explores their implications for clinical practice research. Recent findings studies have elucidated complex interplay between health, emphasizing roles advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), inflammation, oxidative stress, senescence, molecular signaling pathways such as Wnt, mammalian target rapamycin (mTOR), exosome-mediated mechanisms. Key highlight significance marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) metabolism impact sarcopenia on fracture risk. Novel diagnostic tools, including miRNA biomarkers emerging therapeutic strategies like exosome-based therapies glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK3β) inhibitors, offer promising opportunities improving health diabetic patients. Summary The underscore need integrated managing complications. Clinicians should prioritize early screening, interventions, personalized pharmacological treatments mitigate risk improve Future research focus optimizing tools developing targeted address unique challenges disorders related diabetes.

Language: Английский

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