Therapeutic Potential of Propolis and Royal Jelly in Encephalitozoon Intestinalis Infection: An in Vitro Study

Acta Parasitologica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 70(1)

Published: Jan. 24, 2025

Abstract Purpose Encephalitozoon intestinalis is an obligate intracellular microsporidian fungus that causes severe gastrointestinal infections, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Propolis (PROP), a resinous substance derived from bees, has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, while royal jelly (RJ) immunomodulatory, antimicrobial activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential PROP RJ against E. intestinalis. Methods phenolic composition analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection, chemical components were evaluated according ISO12824 standards. cytotoxicity on HEK-293 cells using XTT assay. three highest non-cytotoxic concentrations each sample tested for their effects spores qRT-PCR. Trichrome-stained photomicrographs used assess spore density treated RJ. Results analysis revealed flavonoids such as quercetin, kaempferol, pinocembrin galangin, well acids caffeic cinnamic acids, known bioactive properties. contained mainly proteins, lipids, carbohydrates sugars, reflecting its role nutritionally biologically active substance. According results first evaluating effect intestinalis, all showed significant inhibitory growth compared control group. Conclusion In conclusion, we believe should be considered alternative option development antimicrosporidial drugs due medicinal pharmaceutical

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Properties of Hive Products and Their Potential Applications in Human and Veterinary Medicine

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 172 - 172

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Hive products, encompassing honey, propolis, bee venom, royal jelly, and pollen, are recognized for their antimicrobial therapeutic properties. This review examines chemical composition, explores mechanisms of action, discusses potential applications in both human veterinary medicine, particularly addressing the challenge resistance. study utilized a comprehensive literature search strategy, gathering data from Google Scholar, MEDLINE PubMed, SciELO, SCOPUS databases. Relevant terms were employed to ensure thorough retrieval pertinent literature. Honey, rich bioactive compounds such as hydrogen peroxide methylglyoxal, effectively disrupts biofilms combats multi-drug-resistant pathogens, showing promise treating range infections. Propolis, with its flavonoids phenolic acids, demonstrates synergistic effects when used conjunction antibiotics. Bee component melittin, exhibits antibacterial immunomodulatory properties, although further research is needed address toxicity concerns. Pollen jelly demonstrate broad-spectrum activity, which relevant animal health. Existing pre-clinical clinical support these hive products. products represent vast largely untapped natural resource combating resistance developing sustainable therapies, field medicine. However, challenges remain due inherent variability composition lack standardized protocols preparation application. Further essential fully elucidate optimize formulations enhanced efficacy, establish safe effective use.

Language: Английский

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Potential Strategies for Overcoming Drug Resistance Pathways Using Propolis and Its Polyphenolic/Flavonoid Compounds in Combination with Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(21), P. 3741 - 3741

Published: Oct. 31, 2024

Conventional cancer treatments include surgical resection, chemotherapy, hyperthermia, immunotherapy, hormone therapy, and locally targeted therapies such as radiation therapy. Standard often require the use of multiple agents, which can activate nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in tumor cells, leading to reduced cell death increased drug resistance. Moreover, agents also contributes added toxicity, resulting poor treatment outcomes. Cancer cells gradually develop resistance almost all chemotherapeutics through various mechanisms, efflux, alterations metabolism transport, changes signal transduction pathways, enhanced DNA repair capacity, evasion apoptosis, mutations, reactivation targets, interaction with microenvironment, cell-stroma interactions, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-mediated chemoresistance, epigenetic modifications, metabolic alterations, effect stem (CSCs). Developing new strategies improve chemotherapy sensitivity while minimizing side effects is essential for achieving better therapeutic outcomes enhancing patients’ quality life. One promising approach involves combining conventional propolis its flavonoids. These natural compounds may enhance response reducing toxicity. Propolis components sensitize chemotherapeutic likely by inhibiting NF-κB activation, reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs; an M2-like phenotype), thereby release matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9, cytokines, chemokines, vascular endothelial growth (VEGF). By TAMs, overcome EMT-mediated disrupt crosstalk between CSCs, inhibit maintenance stemness, reverse acquired immunosuppression, thus promoting antitumor mediated cytotoxic T-cells. This review highlights potential flavonoids modulate responsiveness modalities. The evidence suggests that novel incorporating could be developed positive cytotoxicity peripheral blood leukocytes, liver, kidney cells. Therefore, polyphenolic/flavonoid hold combination clinical types cancers.

Language: Английский

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A comprehensive analysis of royal jelly protection against cypermethrin-induced toxicity in the model organism Allium cepa L., employing spectral shift and molecular docking approaches

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 203, P. 105997 - 105997

Published: June 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Royal jelly reduced non-rapid eye movement sleep fragmentation and restored sleep stability in diet-induced obese mice

EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Royal jelly (RJ) is recognized due to its high nutritional value and potential health benefits. Previous research showed that RJ supplementation decreased fat accumulation, resulting in weight loss improvements hyperglycemia insulin resistance high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. To expand the weight-reducing properties of RJ, this study aimed investigate effects on HFD-induced mice with impaired sleep stabilization. Over a 20-week period, C57BL/6J were divided into following dietary groups: normal (ND), ND supplemented 5% lyophilized powder (ND + RJ), HFD, HFD (HFD RJ) groups. Compared group, group exhibited significant reduction body via decrease mass. Moreover, much like demonstrated fragmentation non-rapid eye movement (NREM) wakefulness. These processes contributed reestablishment sleep/wake continuity restored overall stability sleep. In contrast, groups similar architecture. Thus, no substantial effect sleep/wake. According these findings, improves architecture restores stability. Hence, promising component for addressing obesity restoring

Language: Английский

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Royal Jelly: A Novel Biotemplate for the Green Synthesis of Antibacterial Metal Nanoparticles

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

The application of green synthesis in nanotechnology is rapidly expanding as a safe and eco-friendly alternative to conventional methods. This study explored the potential royal jelly bio-reducing agent for synthesizing metal nanoparticles evaluated their antibacterial activity. Royal exhibited strong antioxidant activity, demonstrated by ABTS (2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate)) DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assays, comparable that Trolox. However, it showed weak effects against both Gram-positive Gram-negative bacteria. Using jelly, silver, iron, copper, zinc were synthesized, confirmed Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), fluorescence spectroscopy, morphological analyses. significant disrupting bacterial cell walls killing bacteria, shown inhibition zone minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC), bactericidal (MBC), scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging. research highlights jelly's dual role reducing nanoparticle its applications.

Language: Английский

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Aerobic-Resistance Training with Royal Jelly Supplementation Has a Synergistic Effect on Paraoxonase 1 Changes and Liver Function in Women with MASLD

Medicina, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 61(2), P. 349 - 349

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Background and Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a clinical pathological syndrome characterized by steatosis fat accumulation in parenchymal cells patients without history of excessive alcohol drinking. Currently, there no definitive treatment for MASLD, its prevalence increases with age obesity, after menopause. Among the ways to treat it, we can mention regular sports exercises use natural supplements. Therefore, aim this research investigate compare effects aerobic-resistance training royal jelly supplementation on changes paraoxonase 1, oxidized LDL, function, lipid profile postmenopausal women Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease. Materials Methods: This semi-experimental study involved 23 Disease an average weight (71.34 ± 11.63 kg), (48.54 3.88 years), body mass index (27.63 4.20 kg/m2). They were randomly divided into two groups: exercise + supplement (n = 12) placebo 11). Both groups performed eight-station resistance (8-12 repetitions 2-4 sets) 8 weeks, three sessions per week (for 35-40 min, from 10-15 RPE), then, min active rest, they aerobic intensity 40-85% target heart rate, two-minute intervals 45 s rest. Royal (500 mg days, before each session) was consumed. Blood sampling done 48 h last session. Statistical analysis using variance test repeated measures (two × stages pre-test-post-test) SPSS software (Version 26) significance level p < 0.05. Results: The results statistical show that eight weeks PON1, oxLDL, profiles (HDL, TC, TG), enzymes (ALT, AST) non-alcoholic fatty showed significant difference (p 0.05). increase PON1 0.008) HDL 0.005) group compared group. But decreases oxLDL 0.031), TC 0.045), TG 0.013), LDL 0.027), ALT 0.015) AST 0.009) observed (<0.05). However, 0.015), Conclusions: Based results, it be concluded addition probably efficient recommended strategy minimize harmful affecting activity enzymes, oxidation, profile. Although alone also yielded favorable according findings research, said exercise, combined supplements, may have more positive reducing complications improving function. order obtain accurate scientific evidence, necessary doses timing future studies.

Language: Английский

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The effect of royal jelly in oxidative stress, athletic performance, and mitochondrial biogenesis-related gene expression in endurance athletes: study protocol for a double-blind crossover trial

Trials, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(1)

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

In the field of global health, meeting energy requirements athletes has surfaced as an essential concern. This study seeks to evaluate effectiveness royal jelly (RJ) in improving exercise performance endurance-trained men. this randomized, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we will enroll 18 male endurance athletes. Participants be randomly assigned one two conditions: intervention condition, which receive 500 mg capsules taken orally twice daily for 2 weeks, or control a placebo consisting starch same duration. The utilize × crossover design with 2-week washout period between treatments. To aerobic performance, determine each participant's maximal speed (MAS), followed by test conducted at 80% MAS measure time exhaustion. Blood samples (5 cc) collected from all participants before and after treadmill tests analyze mRNA expressions Nrf2 PGC-1α, well oxidative stress parameters. Additionally, participants' dietary intake assessed using 3-day food records, their blood pressure monitored exercise, immediately after, half hour post-exercise. trial aims RJ nutraceutical agent enhancing athletic performance. We anticipate that results provide new insights into clinical molecular benefits RJ. these findings offer valuable data guide execution future research involving was registered Iranian Registry Clinical Trials (registration No. IRCT20231209060310N1, date: December 21, 2023).

Language: Английский

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Scientometric Mapping of Royal Jelly Supplementation or Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Mediators: Networking, Emerging Patterns, and Trends

International journal of Nutrition Pharmacology Neurological Diseases, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 35 - 42

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Objective: To perform a scientometric mapping analysis of the published literature on royal jelly (RJ) supplementation, oxidative stress (OS), and inflammatory mediators. Materials Methods: A comprehensive search Scopus was performed using targeted strategy July 13, 2024. All manuscripts from January 2019 to 2024 that addressed RJ supplementation OS or mediators were selected. Data extracted selected analyzed various metrics in SciVal R studio version 4.3.2. Results: Antioxidants foods had highest academic output, with three articles each citation count 184 71, respectively. also showed high CiteScore 10.6 2023. Biomedicine pharmacotherapy remarkably 11.9 two articles. Despite having only articles, Journal Asia-Pacific Entomology an impressive 73. Cyrus Jalili Kermanshah University Medical Sciences Iran output six publications. Amira Mohammed Ali Alexandria Egypt number views per publication, 37.3. Conclusion: The most productive authors institutions identified, Egypt. Lotka’s law confirmed, contributed single article. In addition, extensive international collaboration observed, underscoring importance global this area research.

Language: Английский

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Effects of royal jelly on ovary cancer cells proliferation and apoptosis

Medical Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 42(4)

Published: March 4, 2025

Language: Английский

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