Non-Invasive Endometrial Cancer Screening through Urinary Fluorescent Metabolome Profile Monitoring and Machine Learning Algorithms

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(18), P. 3155 - 3155

Published: Sept. 14, 2024

Endometrial cancer is becoming increasingly common, highlighting the need for improved diagnostic methods that are both effective and non-invasive. This study investigates use of urinary fluorescence spectroscopy as a potential tool endometrial cancer. Urine samples were collected from patients (n = 77), with benign uterine tumors 23), control gynecological attending regular checkups or follow-ups 96). These analyzed using synchronous to measure total fluorescent metabolome profile, specific ratios created differentiate between control, benign, malignant samples. spectral markers demonstrated clinical applicability AUC high 80%. Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was employed reduce data dimensionality enhance class separation. Additionally, machine learning models, including Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD), utilized distinguish controls patients. PLS-DA achieved an overall accuracy 79% 90%. promising results indicate spectroscopy, combined advanced has revolutionize diagnostics, offering rapid, accurate, non-invasive alternative current methods.

Language: Английский

Minimally Invasive and Emerging Diagnostic Approaches in Endometrial Cancer: Epigenetic Insights and the Promise of DNA Methylation

Diagnostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(22), P. 2575 - 2575

Published: Nov. 15, 2024

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological malignancy, with rising incidence and mortality rates. Key risk factors, including obesity, prolonged estrogen exposure, metabolic disorders, underscore urgent need for non-invasive, early diagnostic tools. This review focuses on role of DNA methylation as a potential biomarker EC detection. Aberrant in promoter regions tumor suppressor genes can lead to gene silencing progression. We examine recent studies utilizing minimally invasive samples, such urine, cervicovaginal, cervical scrapes, detect early-stage through patterns. Markers RASSF1A, HIST1H4F, GHSR, SST, ZIC1 have demonstrated high accuracy, AUC values up 0.95, effectively distinguishing from non-cancerous conditions. highlights methylation-based testing non-invasive alternative traditional methods, offering earlier detection, better stratification, more personalized treatment plans. These innovations hold promise transforming clinical practice by enabling timely effective management endometrial cancer.

Language: Английский

Advancing the next generation of cancer treatment with circular RNAs in CAR-T cell therapy

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 181, P. 117753 - 117753

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, its effectiveness against solid tumors remains constrained by challenges such as exhaustion, limited persistence, and off-target effects. These highlight critical gaps in current CAR-T cell therapeutic strategies, particularly for tumor applications. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a transformative class non-coding RNAs, known their exceptional stability precise regulatory functions, positioning them promising candidates enhancing next-generation therapies. Notably, circRNAs can bridge gap between preclinical research clinical application offering innovative solutions to overcome technical hurdles improve outcomes. Despite potential, remain underexplored therapies tumors, presenting significant opportunity innovation. The mechanisms through which modulate specificity are not yet fully understood, challenges, achieving efficient targeted circRNA delivery, still need be addressed. This review highlights importance integrating into enhance specificity, minimize effects, durability. By emphasizing potential identifying key gaps, this provides roadmap advancing setting stage next generation personalized cancer treatments.

Language: Английский