Chronic Stress and Headaches: The Role of the HPA Axis and Autonomic Nervous System
Aleksandar Sič,
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Marko Bogicevic,
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Nebojša Brezić
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et al.
Biomedicines,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
13(2), P. 463 - 463
Published: Feb. 13, 2025
Chronic
stress
significantly
influences
the
pathogenesis
of
headache
disorders,
affecting
millions
worldwide.
This
review
explores
intricate
relationship
between
and
headaches,
focusing
on
dysregulation
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
(HPA)
axis
autonomic
nervous
system
(ANS).
Persistent
could
lead
to
neuroinflammation,
increased
pain
sensitivity,
vascular
changes
that
contribute
development
progression.
The
bidirectional
nature
this
creates
a
vicious
cycle,
with
recurrent
headaches
becoming
source
additional
stress.
Dysregulation
HPA
ANS
imbalance
amplify
susceptibility
intensifying
their
frequency
severity.
While
pharmacological
interventions
remain
common,
non-pharmacological
approaches
targeting
reduction,
such
as
cognitive-behavioral
therapy,
biofeedback,
relaxation
techniques,
offer
promising
avenues
for
comprehensive
management.
By
addressing
underlying
stress-related
mechanisms,
these
provide
sustainable
strategy
reduce
improve
patients'
quality
life.
Language: Английский
Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus‐CA3 Activation Alleviates Neuropathic Pain and Anxiety‐ and Depression‐Like Behaviors by Suppressing Microglial Neuroinflammation in SNI Mice
CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
31(3)
Published: March 1, 2025
Neuropathic
pain
(NP)
arises
from
neuroimmune
interactions
following
nerve
injury
and
is
often
accompanied
by
anxiety
depression.
The
aim
of
the
study
to
evaluate
effects
noradrenergic
locus
coeruleus
(LC),
a
key
regulator
emotional
states,
projects
extensively
hippocampus.
We
investigated
chronic
NP
on
LC
integrity
its
projections
hippocampal
CA3
region
in
spared
(SNI)
mice
with
behavioral
tests,
immunohistochemistry,
neurochemical
analyses,
Gq-DREADD.
Chronic
induced
neuronal
loss,
reduced
norepinephrine
(NE)
release,
triggered
microglial
activation
neuroinflammation
CA3.
Selective
LC-CA3
neurons
using
Gq-DREADD
chemogenetics
alleviated
comorbid
anxiety-
depression-like
behaviors.
This
intervention
suppressed
activation,
decreased
proinflammatory
cytokines
(TNF-α
IL-1β),
restored
NE
levels
Our
findings
highlighted
therapeutic
potential
targeting
mitigate
neuropsychiatric
comorbidities
via
modulation
neuroinflammation.
Language: Английский