Periodontal Inflammation and Systemic Diseases: An Overview

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Oct. 27, 2021

Periodontitis is a common inflammatory disease of infectious origins that often evolves into chronic condition. Aside from its importance as stomatologic ailment, periodontitis has gained relevance since it been shown can develop systemic condition characterized by unresolved hyper-inflammation, disruption the innate and adaptive immune system, dysbiosis oral, gut other location's microbiota system-wide alterations may cause, coexist or aggravate health issues associated to elevated morbi-mortality. The relationships between infectious, immune, inflammatory, features many related diseases are far being fully understood indeed still debated. However, date, large body evidence on different biological, clinical, policy-enabling sources information, available. aim present work summarize these information contextualize them under inflammation framework set basis an integral vision, useful for basic, therapeutic goals.

Language: Английский

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Periodontitis and coronavirus disease 2019

Periodontology 2000, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 89(1), P. 207 - 214

Published: March 4, 2022

Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 is usually a mild condition; however, in some cases it can result sickness and even death. Thus, understanding the reasons behind these grave outcomes of great importance. Coronavirus periodontitis share intriguing characteristics. They both lead to systemic inflammation alterations coagulation pathways, confounding factors, such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity. Accordingly, possible association between conditions has been hypothesized literature. objective this review was evaluate scientific evidence linking diseases underlying mechanisms. Evidence shown that presents oral manifestations affect periodontal tissues. Moreover, studies have severity presence periodontitis. Current suggests could be explained through direct role bacteria aggravating lung infections, well indirect effect inducing priming immune system an exacerbated reaction infection. Future research needed confirm observations explore care might play pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Pathogenesis of taste impairment and salivary dysfunction in COVID-19 patients

Japanese Dental Science Review, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 57, P. 111 - 122

Published: July 9, 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly transmissible pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The characteristics of the include broad range symptoms from mild to serious death, with pneumonia distress and complications in extrapulmonary organs. Taste impairment salivary dysfunction are common early COVID-19 patients. mouth significant entry route for SARS-COV-2, similar nose eyes. cells oral epithelium, taste buds, minor major glands express cell factors such as ACE2, TMPRSS2, Furin. We describe occurrence patients show immunohistochemical findings regarding tissue. review pathogeneses dysfunction. Treatment also described. Recently, it was reported that some people experience persistent prolonged dysfunction, described post-COVID-19 or long COVID-19, after illness infection has healed. To resolve these problems, important understand pathogenesis complications. advances have been understanding gustatory Although progress made, considerable effort still required in-depth elucidation pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

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Interplay Among the Oral Microbiome, Oral Cavity Conditions, the Host Immune Response, Diabetes Mellitus, and Its Associated-Risk Factors—An Overview

Frontiers in Oral Health, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: Sept. 9, 2021

This comprehensive review of the literature aimed to investigate interplay between oral microbiome, cavity conditions, and host immune response in Diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, this also how DM related risk factors, such as advanced age, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), act promoting or modifying specific mechanisms that could potentially perpetuate both altered systemic conditions. We found poorly controlled glycemic index may exert a negative effect on system affected individuals, leading deficient an exacerbation inflammatory exacerbating DM-related complications. Hyperglycemia induces alterations microbiome since poor control is associated with increased levels frequencies periodontal pathogens subgingival biofilm individuals DM. A bidirectional relationship diseases has been suggested: patients have exaggerated response, repair bone resorption aggravates disease whereas pro-inflammatory mediators exacerbates insulin resistance. SARS-CoV-2 infection represent aggravating factor for Individuals tend low salivary flow high prevalence xerostomia, but association prevalence/experience dental caries still unclear. development lesions mucosa, especially malignant ones those fungal infections. Obesity plays important role induction progression Co-affected obese present worse health decrease HDL and, increase triglycerides bloodstream seem be load periodontopathogens cavity. likelihood halitosis. Prevalence impaired taste perception smell recognition greater patients. An among DM, obesity proposed reduction nitrate into nitrite, addition contribute lowering blood pressure, reduces oxidative stress increases secretion, being these effects desirable Women PCOS distinct microbial composition elevated selective members community, are unknown. The results studies presented suggest some factors exist. need encouraged motivated adequate care. In addition, show importance adopting multidisciplinary management strengthening physicians-dentists focusing conditions

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and periodontitis: reflecting on a possible association

Head & Face Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: May 11, 2021

Recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between the severe clinical course of COVID-19 and other chronic diseases such as: cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity renal disease. It may be possible to extend this association common oral disease in adults: periodontitis. Alternatively, latter could simply related systemic cited above, as already observed non-COVID-19 literature. In order provide an overview their opinion, authors perspective article will report discuss most recent references interest relating periodontitis pathophysiology. Within narrative review, hypothesize that exist via two pathways: direct link, through ACEII CD147 receptors used by virus infect cells, which would occur greater numbers cases (thereby favoring SARS-CoV-2 infection); and/or indirect pathway involving overexpression inflammatory molecules, especially IL-6 IL-17. An expression has been found play role periodontitis, addition COVID-19, although it is still unclear if plays worsening course.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and Its Repercussions on Oral Health: A Review

Medicina, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 57(11), P. 1189 - 1189

Published: Nov. 1, 2021

In 2019, a new type of coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, the causing agent COVID-19, was first detected in Wuhan, China. On 11 March 2020, World Health Organization declared pandemic. The manifestations COVID-19 are mostly age-dependent and potentially more severe cases with involved co-morbidities. gravity symptoms depends on clinical stage infection. most common include runny nose nasal congestion, anosmia, dysgeusia or hypogeusia, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, respiratory distress, fatigue, ocular symptoms, vomiting, abdominal pain. These systemic conditions often accompanied by skin mucosal lesions. Oral lesions reported patients include: herpex simplex, candidiasis, geographic tongue, aphthous-like ulcers, hemorrhagic ulcerations, necrotic white hairy reddish macules, erythematous surfaces, petechiae, pustular enanthema. It is still unclear if these direct result viral infection, consequence deterioration, adverse reactions to treatments. Poor oral hygiene hospitalized quarantined should also be considered as an aggravating condition. This narrative review focused presenting relevant data from literature regarding related well challenges faced dental system during this A routine intraoral examination recommended patients, either suspected confirmed, as, certain cases, represent sign infection even life-threatening our belief that extensive knowledge all possible manifestations, including lesions, great importance present uncertain context, new, currently emerging variants unknown future impact.

Language: Английский

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Impact of COVID-19 on the Dental Community: Part I before Vaccine (BV)

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 288 - 288

Published: Jan. 14, 2021

One year has passed with the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact is still evident everywhere on globe in all fields domains [...]

Language: Английский

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A Review of the Potential Roles of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Pharmacological Approaches for the Management of Mild-to-Moderate Symptomatic COVID-19

Medical Science Monitor, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

In the past 2 years, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has driven investigational studies and controlled clinical trials on antiviral treatments vaccines that have undergone regulatory approval. Now severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) its variants may become endemic over time, there remains a need to identify drugs treat symptoms of COVID-19 prevent progression toward cases, hospitalization, death. Understanding molecular mechanisms SARS-CoV-2 infection is extremely important for development effective therapies against COVID-19. This review outlines key pathways involved in host response discusses potential role antioxidant anti-inflammatory pharmacological approaches management early mild-to-moderate COVID-19, using examples combined indomethacin, low-dose aspirin, omeprazole, hesperidin, quercetin, vitamin C. The targets these substances are described here their possible synergism counteracting replication from upper airways blood, avoiding vascular complications cytokine bradykinin storms.

Language: Английский

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Inflammation and the oral and gut microbiota with COVID-19

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 207 - 218

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Does COVID-19 cause xerostomia? A systematic review

Deleted Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: April 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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