Journal of Experimental Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
225(16)
Published: July 28, 2022
In
sea
urchins,
spermatozoa
are
stored
in
the
gonads
hypercapnic
conditions
(pH<7.0).
During
spawning,
sperm
diluted
seawater
of
pH>8.0,
and
there
is
an
alkalinization
sperm's
internal
pH
(pHi)
through
release
CO2
H+.
Previous
research
has
shown
that
when
pHi
above
7.2-7.3,
dynein
ATPase
flagellar
motors
activated,
become
motile.
It
been
hypothesized
ocean
acidification
(OA),
which
decreases
seawater,
may
have
a
narcotic
effect
on
urchin
by
impairing
ability
to
regulate
pHi,
resulting
decreased
motility
swimming
speed.
Here,
we
used
data
collected
from
same
individuals
test
relationship
between
motility/performance
New
Zealand
Evechinus
chloroticus
under
near-future
(2100)
far-future
(2150)
atmospheric
PCO2
(RCP
8.5:
7.77,
7.51).
Decreasing
significantly
negatively
impacted
proportion
motile
sperm,
four
six
computer-assisted
analysis
(CASA)
performance
measures.
control
conditions,
had
activated
7.52.
could
not
defend
future
OA
conditions;
was
stepped
decrease
at
with
no
significant
difference
mean
7.77
7.51.
Paired
measurements
males
showed
positive
motility,
but
response
males.
Differences
impact
fertilization
success
ocean.
Frontiers in Marine Science,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: March 20, 2024
Introduction
Due
to
their
relevant
ecological
position
and
well-studied
biology,
sea
urchins
are
reference
organisms
for
ocean
acidification
studies,
at
both
within-
trans-generational
levels.
In
this
study,
we
examined
gamete
quality
in
specimens
exposed
future
predicted
(-0.4
units)
pH
conditions
during
gametogenesis.
Methods
Egg
physical
characteristics,
biochemical
composition,
fatty
acid
profiles
were
assessed
after
two
six
months
of
exposure,
while
sperm
viability
velocity
analyzed
exposure.
Considering
the
documented
intraspecific
variability
response
acidification,
study
involved
populations
Paracentrotus
lividus
.
One
population
was
sampled
from
highly
variable
lagoon
Venice
(Site
1),
other
obtained
a
coastal
area
2)
characterized
by
more
stable
environmental
facing
minimal
anthropogenic
stress.
Results
A
different
highlighted
sites.
Noteworthy
trends
emerged,
especially
profile
traits.
Although
adults
fed
same
diet,
Site
1
eggs
contained
high-energetic
acids
than
2,
potentially
boosting
survival
odds
next
generation.
Moreover,
sperms
displayed
higher
but
slower
motility
compared
those
2.
Within
sites,
significant
difference
between
time
points
change
fitness
strategy
urchin
females
emerged
when
comparing
spawned
exposure
reduced
pH.
The
effects
pronounced
animals
1,
suggesting
adaptability
rather
negative
acidification.
Discussion
Overall,
our
findings
suggest
that
have
potential
acclimate
produce
gametes
as
controls
held
currently
natural
Our
emphasize
relevance
combining
investigations
particularly
egg
biochemistry
considering
site
fully
understand
transgenerational
Frontiers in Physiology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Aug. 4, 2023
Marine
heatwave
(MHW)
events,
characterized
by
periods
of
anomalous
temperatures,
are
an
increasingly
prevalent
threat
to
coastal
marine
ecosystems.
Given
the
seasonal
phenology
MHWs,
full
extent
their
biological
consequences
may
depend
on
how
these
thermal
stress
events
align
with
organism’s
reproductive
cycle.
In
organisms
more
complex
life
cycles
(e.g.,
many
invertebrate
species)
alignment
adult
and
larval
environments
be
important
factor
determining
offspring
success,
setting
stage
for
MHW
influence
reproduction
development
in
situ
.
Here,
MHW-like
temperatures
early
California
purple
sea
urchin,
Strongylocentrotus
purpuratus
,
were
explored
within
context
paternal
history.
Based
temperature
data
collected
during
seen
Southern
from
2014–2020,
urchins
acclimated
either
or
non-MHW
28
days
before
sperm
was
used
produce
embryos
that
subsequently
raised
under
varying
conditions.
Once
reached
stage,
impact
assessed
two
aspects
performance:
size
tolerance.
Exposure
elevated
resulted
larger,
thermally
tolerant
larvae,
further
influences
identity
history,
respectively.
The
exposure
had
additional
positive
benefits
tolerance,
but
this
tolerance
significantly
decreased
when
experience
mismatched.
As
highest
recorded
past
have
occurred
gametogenesis
kelp
forest
benthic
species,
such
as
parental
mediated
impacts
represent
drivers
future
recruitment
population
composition
species.
Marine Pollution Bulletin,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
204, P. 116533 - 116533
Published: June 3, 2024
Coastal
waters
face
significant
anthropogenic
stress,
particularly
from
tourism,
exacerbating
pollution,
especially
in
areas
like
touristic
islands.
Ischia,
the
largest
island
Gulf
of
Naples
and
part
Regno
di
Nettuno
Marine
Protected
Area,
suffers
pollution
due
to
tourism
maritime
traffic.
During
initial
SARS-CoV-2
lockdown
March
June
2020,
Ischia
was
isolated,
providing
a
unique
opportunity
study
pollutant
release
its
impact
on
coastal
ecosystems.
Adult
Mytilus
galloprovincialis
mussels
were
transplanted
three
sites
for
active
biomonitoring.
Accumulation
chemicals
tissues
biomarkers
related
metabolism,
detoxification,
oxidative
stress
measured.
Results
indicated
that
pollutants
daily
activities
entered
sea,
affecting
filter
feeders.
Translocated
organisms
showed
modulated
metabolic
functions
biochemical
changes,
highlighting
vulnerability
calling
conservation
efforts.
Integrative and Comparative Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 13, 2024
Synopsis
Marine
organisms
have
complex
life
histories.
For
broadcast
spawners,
successful
continuation
of
the
population
requires
their
small
gametes
to
make
contact
in
water
column
for
sufficiently
long
periods
fertilization
occur.
Anthropogenic
climate
change
has
been
shown
impact
success
various
marine
invertebrates,
including
sea
urchins,
which
are
key
grazers
habitats.
Gamete
performance
both
sexes
declined
when
exposed
elevated
temperatures
and/or
pCO2
levels.
Examples
reduced
included
slower
sperm
swimming
speed
and
thinning
egg
jelly
coat.
However,
such
responses
stress
were
not
uniform
between
individuals.
Such
variations
could
serve
as
basis
selection.
Fertilization
kinetics
modeled
a
particle
collision
process.
Here,
we
present
modified
model
that
incorporates
individual
more
environmentally
relevant
regime,
groups
with
different
traits
can
be
separately
tracked
mixture.
Numerical
simulations
highlight
outcomes
influenced
by
changes
gamete
they
age
presence
competition
(multiple
dams
or
sires).
These
results
importance
considering
multiple
individuals
at
time
points
during
vivo
assays.
We
also
applied
our
show
interspecific
variation
vulnerabilities
elevates
risk
hybridization.
By
making
numerical
open-source,
aim
help
us
better
understand
fate
face
enabling
community
consider
mean
variance
response
capture
adaptive
potential.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
31(39), P. 51687 - 51701
Published: Aug. 9, 2024
Abstract
Alterations
in
seawater
chemistry
posed
by
acidification
may
lead
to
immunological
and
antioxidant
defence
impairment
sea
urchins,
with
differences
among
local
populations.
Here,
we
analyzed
the
effects
of
reduced
pH
on
Paracentrotus
lividus
,
a
multibiomarker
approach,
possible
intraspecific
variations
urchin
responses.
Two
groups
animals
different
ecological
histories
(i.e.,
pattern
environmental
characteristics
pressures
experienced
throughout
organism’s
lifetime)
were
maintained
at
ambient
0.4
units
for
8
months.
Changes
gonadosomatic
index
(GSI),
immunological,
oxidative
stress
biomarkers
assessed
coelomic
fluid,
gonads,
digestive
tract.
Animals
showed
limited
impact
compared
condition.
However,
urchins
from
two
sites
differently
influenced
(as
shown
multivariate
analyses).
GSI
status
differentially
modulated
between
sexes,
generally
higher
values
females,
but
sexes
relation
exposure
limited.
Overall,
our
findings
highlight
that
stressors
differ
locations.
This
has
implications
maintenance
P.
wild
populations
under
future
global
change
scenarios.
