Overview of COVID-19-Associated Invasive Fungal Infection

Current Fungal Infection Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 87 - 97

Published: July 11, 2022

Language: Английский

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A Retrospective Assessment of Sputum Samples and Antimicrobial Resistance in COVID-19 Patients

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 620 - 620

Published: April 19, 2023

Data on bacterial or fungal pathogens and their impact the mortality rates of Western Romanian COVID-19 patients are scarce. As a result, purpose this research was to determine prevalence co- superinfections in adults with COVID-19, hospitalized in-ward settings during second half pandemic, its distribution according sociodemographic clinical conditions. The unicentric retrospective observational study conducted 407 eligible patients. Expectorate sputum selected as sampling technique followed by routine microbiological investigations. A total 31.5% samples tested positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 26.2% having co-infections Klebsiella pneumoniae among admitted COVID-19. third most common Pathogenic bacteria identified Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii 9.3% samples. Commensal human caused respiratory infections 67 patients, prevalent being Streptococcus penumoniae, methicillin-sensitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. 53.4% Candida spp., 41.1% Aspergillus spp. growth. three groups microbial growth cultures had an equally proportional ICU, average 30%, compared only 17.3% negative (p = 0.003). More than 80% all showed multidrug resistance. high mandates strict effective antimicrobial stewardship infection control policies.

Language: Английский

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Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes of Candidemia Associated With Severe COVID-19

Critical Care Explorations, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4(9), P. e0762 - e0762

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

COVID-19 can cause serious illness requiring multimodal treatment and is associated with secondary infections. Studies have suggested an increased risk of fungal infections, including candidemia following severe though understanding factors clinical outcomes remains unclear.To describe characteristics, among patients hospitalized COVID-19.A multicenter, case-control study was conducted to evaluate in who developed between August 2020 2021.Chart review evaluating institutional patient demographics, mycological concomitant interventions (antibiotics, immunosuppressive agents, parenteral nutrition, degree oxygen support, mechanical ventilation, surgery), regimens, (length stay discharge disposition).A total 275 were enrolled the study, 91 subsequent 184 without candidemia. Most received antibiotics prior episode (93%), while approximately one-quarter biologic for COVID-19. In-hospital mortality significantly higher cases compared controls (68% vs 40%; p < 0.01). Candida albicans most common (53%), followed by C. glabrata (19%). Use central lines, biologic, paralytics independent candidemia.Candidemia infection a concern that requires consideration monitoring. Risk development setting are largely consistent traditional patients.

Language: Английский

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Epidemiology and outcomes of culture-positive bloodstream pathogens prior to and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a multicenter evaluation

BMC Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Nov. 11, 2022

Abstract Background Bloodstream infections (BSIs) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. We evaluate incidence community- hospital-onset BSI rates outcomes before during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods conducted a retrospective cohort study evaluating patients who were for ≥ 1 day with discharge or death between June 1, 2019, September 4, 2021, across 271 US health care facilities. Community- related pandemic, including intensive admission rates, overall ICU-specific length stay (LOS) was evaluated. Bivariate correlations calculated pre-pandemic pandemic periods by testing status. Results Of 5,239,692 patient admissions, there 20,113 community-onset BSIs (11.2/1000 admissions) 39,740 (11.5/1000 ( P ≤ 0.0062). Corresponding 2,771 (1.6/1000 6,864 (2.0/1000 admissions; < Compared to period, higher tested negative (15.8/1000 admissions), compared 9.6/1000 admissions among SARS-CoV-2-positive experienced greater ICU (36.6% vs 32.8%; 0.01), ventilator use (10.7% 4.7%; 0.001), longer LOS (12.2 d 9.1 d; 0.001). Rates period (2.0 1.5/1000; as high 7.3/1000 had (72.9% 55.4%; (34.8 25.5 (52.9% 21.5%; Enterococcus species, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Candida albicans more frequently detected period. Conclusions relevance This nationally representative found increased risk both largest positivity associated worse outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Invasive Candidiasis Coinfection in Patients with Severe COVID-19 Disease: Scoping Review

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 466 - 466

Published: May 10, 2025

Coinfection rates of candidiasis in patients affected by COVID-19 had a significantly increase during the sanitary contingency. The objective this scoping review is to analyze available scientific evidence around coinfection invasive hospitalized with severe disease. Online databases such as PubMed, EBSCO, SciFinder, Scopus, and SciELO were used different studies published from January 2020 December 2022, selecting 48 publications that reported comorbidity between study variable. Based on PRISMA-ScR extension for reviews, we identified more than half (57%) observational, descriptive, analytic studies, while 43% systematic reviews. Overall, up 169,468 adult admitted intensive care unit examined. was due mainly Candida albicans (75%), but some species Meyerozyma parapsilosis (formerly parapsilosis); guilliermondii guilliermondii); Nakaseomyces glabratus glabrata); tropicalis; dubliniensis; Clavispora lusitaniae lusitaniae); Pichia kudriavzevii krusei). We concluded infected SARS-CoV-2 higher incidence fungal coinfections, thus increasing mortality rate, disease severity, length hospital stay unit.

Language: Английский

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Invasive Respiratory Fungal Infections in COVID-19 Critically Ill Patients

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 415 - 415

Published: April 17, 2022

Patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) often develop respiratory fungal infections. The most frequent diseases are COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA), mucormycosis (CAPM) and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP), latter mostly found in patients both underlying HIV infection. Furthermore, co-infections due less common mold pathogens have been also described. Respiratory infections critically ill promoted by multiple risk factors, including epithelial damage caused infection, mechanical ventilation immunosuppression, mainly induced corticosteroids immunomodulators. In patients, a correct discrimination between colonization infection is challenging, further hampered sampling difficulties low reliability of diagnostic approaches, frequently needing an integration clinical, radiological microbiological features. Several antifungal drugs currently available, but development new molecules reduced toxicity, drug-interactions potentially active on difficult treat strains, highly warranted. Finally, role prophylaxis certain populations still controversial must be investigated.

Language: Английский

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A novel Candida albicans Als3, Hwp1 and Met6 derived complex peptide protects mice against hematogenously induced candidiasis

Vaccine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(20), P. 125990 - 125990

Published: May 23, 2024

Candida albicans can cause superficial or systemic infections in humans, particularly immunocompromised individuals. Vaccination strategies targeting specific antigens of C. have shown promise providing protection against invasive candidiasis. This study aimed to evaluate the immuno-protective capacity a KLH conjugated complex peptide, 3P-KLH, containing epitopes from Als3, Hwp1, and Met6 murine model hematogenously induced Mice immunized with 3P-KLH raised antibody response, infection was assessed. Immunized mice exhibited significantly lower fungal load their kidneys compared control group. Moreover, 37.5 % survived 21 days after infection, while all animals died within first nine days. These findings suggest that key antigens, elicits protective immune response reduces severity infection. In addition, high binding affinity selected MHC II alleles further supports potential immunogenicity this peptide humans. research provides insights into development novel immunotherapeutic approaches

Language: Английский

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Mapping the path to excellence: Evaluation of the diagnostic and treatment tools for invasive fungal infections in the balkans

Journal of Infection and Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 102493 - 102493

Published: July 6, 2024

In the Balkans, rising concerns about invasive fungal infections over past decade stem from various factors. Primarily, there has been a notable uptick in immunocompromised individuals, including those with chronic illnesses like immunological and hematological diseases. Thus, it is essential to assess region's laboratory capabilities availability of antifungals. This evaluation vital for gauging preparedness diagnose treat effectively, thus minimizing their public health impact.

Language: Английский

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Emerging and re‐emerging fungal threats in Africa

Parasite Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 45(2)

Published: Sept. 30, 2022

The emergence of deadly fungal infections in Africa is primarily driven by a disproportionately high burden human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, lack access to quality health care, and the unavailability effective antifungal drugs. Immunocompromised people are therefore at risk infection from opportunistic pathogens such as Cryptococcus neoformans Pneumocystis jirovecii, which associated with morbidity, mortality, related socioeconomic impacts. Other emerging threats include Emergomyces spp., Histoplasma Blastomyces healthcare-associated multi-drug resistant Candida auris. Socioeconomic development Covid-19 pandemic may influence shifts epidemiology invasive diseases on continent. This review discusses epidemiology, clinical manifestations, current management strategies available for these Africa. We also discuss gaps knowledge, policy, research inform future efforts managing threats.

Language: Английский

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Non-Aspergillusmould lung infections

European Respiratory Review, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(166), P. 220104 - 220104

Published: Oct. 19, 2022

Non-Aspergillus filamentous fungi causing invasive mould infections have increased over the last years due to widespread use of anti-Aspergillus prophylaxis and complexity survival immunosuppressed patients. In few studies that reported on infection epidemiology, Mucorales are most frequently isolated group, followed by either Fusarium spp. or Scedosporium The overall incidence is low, but related mortality exceedingly high. Patients with haematological malignancies haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients comprise classical groups at risk for non-Aspergillus moulds profound immunosuppression vast prophylaxis. Solid organ also face a high risk, especially those receiving lung transplants, direct exposure graft spores altered mechanical immunological elimination, intense, associated immunosuppression. Diagnosing challenging unspecific symptoms radiological findings, lack specific biomarkers, low sensitivity cultures. However, advent molecular techniques may prove helpful. Mucormycosis, fusariosis scedosporiosis hold some differences regarding clinical paradigmatic presentations preferred antifungal therapy. Surgery might be an option, in mucormycosis. Finally, various promising strategies restore enhance host immune response under current evaluation.

Language: Английский

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