Fungal Biomolecules for Food and Pharmaceutical Application

eFood, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

ABSTRACT Mushrooms have long been an integral part of human culture and health are valued for their nutritional therapeutic properties. Often referred to as a superfood, mushrooms rich in bioactive compounds that provide range benefits including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, prebiotic, antidiabetic, anti‐inflammatory effects. This review focussed on the diversity mushrooms, emphasizing medicinal significance, explores secondary metabolites with potential applications nutraceuticals pharmaceuticals. It underscores role vital agents developing value‐added products. An overview compounds, such polysaccharides, peptides, proteins, terpenoids, phenolic identified numerous mushroom species. Additionally, addresses advancements fungal biotechnology, particularly use fungi efficient industrial cell factories, influence food quality sustainability. By critically analyzing recent studies, summarizes diverse roles biomolecules pharmaceutical industries highlights significant contribution modern medicine health‐related fields.

Language: Английский

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Integration of Transcriptomics and Proteomics to Elucidate Inhibitory Effect and Mechanism of Antifungalmycin B from Marine Streptomyces hiroshimensis in Treating Talaromyces marneffei

Marine Drugs, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 23(2), P. 76 - 76

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Talaromyces marneffei (TM) is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus that mainly infects immunocompromised patients. Currently, the global prevalence of talaromycosis caused by TM increasing, leading to increased demand for anti-TM drugs. In our previous study, a novel 28-membered macrolide compound, antifungalmycin B (ANB), was isolated from Streptomyces hiroshimensis GXIMD 06359, exhibiting significant antifungal properties. However, its in vivo mechanisms and direct effects warrant further investigation. this we employed mouse model conjunction with transcriptomic proteomic approaches explore activity ANB against T. marneffei. infected infection, significantly reduced fungal burdens liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys. Additionally, it markedly decreased levels reactive oxygen species (ROS) cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Proteomic studies, complemented parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis, revealed effectively disrupted acid biosynthesis cellular energy metabolism, thereby impairing mitochondrial functions These were exerted through multiple pathways. findings highlight potential as versatile inhibitor polyene macrolide-resistant fungi, offering promising therapeutic avenue treatment talaromycosis.

Language: Английский

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Decoding the Tissue-Specific Profiles of Bioactive Compounds in Helvella leucopus Using Combined Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Approaches

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 205 - 205

Published: March 6, 2025

Helvella leucopus, an endangered wild edible fungus, is renowned for its distinct health benefits and nutritional profile, with notable differences in the bioactive properties between cap stipe. To investigate molecular basis of these tissue-specific variations, we conducted integrative transcriptomic metabolomic analyses. Metabolomic profiling showed that particularly rich compounds, including sterols alkaloids, while stipe abundant essential nutrients, such as glycerophospholipids amino acids. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a higher expression genes involved sterol biosynthesis (ERG1, ERG3, ERG6) energy metabolism (PGK1, ENO1, PYK1) cap, suggesting more active metabolic profile this tissue. Pathway enrichment highlighted pathways, riboflavin metabolism, pantothenate CoA biosynthesis, terpenoid backbone key contributors to unique functional A detailed biosynthetic pathway network further illustrated how pathways contribute production crucial sterols, linoleic acid derivatives, glycerophospholipids, acids, each These findings provide significant insights into mechanisms behind health-promoting richness stipe, offering theoretical foundation utilizing H. leucopus food development broadening our understanding distribution fungi.

Language: Английский

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Mushroom species classification and implementation based on improved MobileNetV3

Journal of Food Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 90(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

Current methods for mushroom species classification face limitations in generalization ability and lack exploration of model deployment. To address these issues, this study systematically compares five models, including Transformer common convolutional neural networks. MobileNetV3 was chosen as the study, combining transfer learning with adaptive hybrid optimizer (AHO) dynamic cyclic rate strategies proposed research. The AHO merges Adam's fast convergence stochastic gradient descent's stable fine-tuning. It adjusts dynamically based on training progress, enabling quick early precise adjustments later. optimized trained, validated, deployed a dataset constructed which includes 3633 images covering three types mushrooms. achieved validation accuracy 98.13% an average test 97.98%, smallest standard deviation loss fluctuation (0.0343), confirming model's stability. Notably, due to slightly larger number Matsutake subset (1412 images) compared other two categories (1148 1073 images), (99.28%) higher than that Red (96.97%) Beefsteak (97.69%), highlighting minor limitation. However, recall F1 scores each class are balanced, suggesting exhibits robust performance addressing interclass similarities, corroborated by t-SNE visualization Grad-CAM analysis. Additionally, confirmed feasibility practical application through deployment PC, Android, embedded platforms, providing guiding solution laboratory research, wild picking, automated sorting. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This provides AI lightweight network identifying different species. can be widely applied scenarios such harvesting, sorting, helping farmers, consumers, researchers easily accurately identify varieties, thereby contributing development industry.

Language: Английский

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Untargeted metabolomics and molecular docking studies on green silver nanoparticles synthesized by Sarocladium subulatum: Exploring antibacterial and antioxidant properties

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 355, P. 141836 - 141836

Published: March 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Industrial Production of Antibiotics in Fungi: Current State, Deciphering the Molecular Basis of Classical Strain Improvement and Increasing the Production of High-Yielding Strains by the Addition of Low-Molecular Weight Inducers

Fermentation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(12), P. 1027 - 1027

Published: Dec. 16, 2023

The natural fermentation of antibiotics, along with semi-synthetic and synthetic approaches, is one the most important methods for their production. majority antibiotic market comes from high-yielding (HY) fungal strains. These strains have been obtained since 1950s wild-type (WT) isolates as a result classical strain improvement (CSI) programs primarily involving multi-round random mutagenesis screening. However, molecular basis leading to high-yield production was unknown. In recent years, due application multiomic key changes that occur in CSI programs, WT become HY industrial producers particular antibiotic, begun be understood. It becomes obvious that, during CSI, certain universal events are selected, which lead both direct increase target metabolite affect other vital processes cell (side mutations). include: upregulation biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC), system global regulation, disruption alternative BGCs, rearrangement energy fluxes favor SM (secondary metabolite), regulation response stress, redirection primary metabolic pathways obtain more precursors This knowledge opens up possibility introducing targeted using genetic engineering when creating new increasing low-molecular compounds, compensate effects side mutations.

Language: Английский

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Secretome Analysis of Thermothelomyces thermophilus LMBC 162 Cultivated with Tamarindus indica Seeds Reveals CAZymes for Degradation of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 121 - 121

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

The analysis of the secretome allows us to identify proteins, especially carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes), secreted by different microorganisms cultivated under conditions. CAZymes are divided into five classes containing protein families. Thermothelomyces thermophilus is a thermophilic ascomycete, source many glycoside hydrolases and oxidative that aid in breakdown lignocellulosic materials. T. LMBC 162 with submerged fermentation using tamarind seeds as carbon revealed 79 proteins distributed between diverse CAZymes: 5.55% auxiliary activity (AAs); 2.58% carbohydrate esterases (CEs); 20.58% polysaccharide lyases (PLs); 71.29% (GHs). In identified GH families, 54.97% cellulolytic, 16.27% hemicellulolytic, 0.05 classified other. Furthermore, 48.74% have carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs). Observing relative abundance, it possible state only thirteen comprise 92.19% probably main responsible for efficient degradation bulk biomass: cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin.

Language: Английский

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Tiger Milk mushroom: A comprehensive review of nutritional composition, phytochemicals, health benefits, and scientific advancements with emphasis on Chemometrics and multi-omics

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 459, P. 140340 - 140340

Published: July 5, 2024

Language: Английский

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Diversity and Distribution of Fungal Infections in Rwanda: High Risk and Gaps in Knowledge, Policy, and Interventions

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 658 - 658

Published: Sept. 18, 2024

Fungal infections (FIs) are spreading globally, raising a significant public health concern. However, its documentation remains sparse in Africa, particularly Rwanda. This report provides comprehensive review of FIs Rwanda based on systematic reports published between 1972 and 2022. The findings reveal rich diversity fungal pathogens, including

Language: Английский

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Novel and Conventional Uses of Fungi in Products and Services

Energy, environment, and sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 519 - 547

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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