Abiotic Stress in Crop Production

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(7), P. 6603 - 6603

Published: April 1, 2023

The vast majority of agricultural land undergoes abiotic stress that can significantly reduce yields. Understanding the mechanisms plant defenses against stresses and putting this knowledge into practice is, therefore, an integral part sustainable agriculture. In review, we focus on current findings in resistance to four cardinal stressors-drought, heat, salinity, low temperatures. Apart from description newly discovered signaling stress, review also focuses importance primary secondary metabolites, including carbohydrates, amino acids, phenolics, phytohormones. A meta-analysis transcriptomic studies concerning model Arabidopsis demonstrates long-observed phenomenon stressors induce different signals effects at level gene expression, but genes whose regulation is similar under most still be traced. analysis further reveals transcriptional modulation Golgi-targeted proteins response heat stress. Our highlights several are similarly regulated all conditions. These support central role phytohormones response, some these has not yet been studied. Finally, provides information about major European crop plants-wheat, sugar beet, maize, potatoes, barley, sunflowers, grapes, rapeseed, tomatoes, apples.

Language: Английский

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Impacts, Tolerance, Adaptation, and Mitigation of Heat Stress on Wheat under Changing Climates

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 2838 - 2838

Published: March 4, 2022

Heat stress (HS) is one of the major abiotic stresses affecting production and quality wheat. Rising temperatures are particularly threatening to wheat production. A detailed overview morpho-physio-biochemical responses HS critical identify various tolerance mechanisms their use in identifying strategies safeguard under changing climates. The development thermotolerant cultivars using conventional or molecular breeding transgenic approaches promising. Over last decade, different omics have revolutionized way plant breeders biotechnologists investigate underlying cellular homeostasis. Therefore, developing genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics data sets a deeper understanding needed. most reliable method improve resilience must include agronomic management strategies, such as adoption climate-smart cultivation practices osmoprotectants cultured soil microbes. However, looking at complex nature HS, holistic approach integrating outcomes breeding, physiological, agronomical, biotechnological options required. Our review aims provide insights concerning morpho-physiological impacts, mechanisms, adaptation This will help scientific communities identification, development, promotion minimize negative impacts HS.

Language: Английский

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Engineering drought and salinity tolerance traits in crops through CRISPR-mediated genome editing: Targets, tools, challenges, and perspectives

Plant Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3(6), P. 100417 - 100417

Published: Aug. 3, 2022

Prolonged periods of drought triggered by climate change hamper plant growth and cause substantial agricultural yield losses every year. In addition to drought, salinity is one the major abiotic stresses that severely affect crop health production. Plant responses involve multiple processes operate in a spatiotemporal manner, such as stress sensing, perception, epigenetic modifications, transcription, post-transcriptional processing, translation, post-translational changes. Consequently, tolerance are polygenic traits influenced genome-environment interactions. One ideal solutions these challenges development high-yielding varieties with enhanced tolerance, together improved practices. Recently, genome-editing technologies, especially clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) tools, have been effectively applied elucidate how plants deal saline environments. this work, we aim portray combined use CRISPR-based genome engineering tools modern genomic-assisted breeding approaches gaining momentum identifying genetic determinants complex for improvement. This review provides synopsis at morphological, physiological, molecular levels. We also highlight recent advances their understanding multi-level nature adaptations stress. Integrating CRISPR factors regulate stress-response pathways introgression beneficial develop stress-resilient crops.

Language: Английский

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Molecular Insights into the Role of Reactive Oxygen, Nitrogen and Sulphur Species in Conferring Salinity Stress Tolerance in Plants

Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(2), P. 554 - 574

Published: Feb. 10, 2022

Language: Английский

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Soil salinity and drought tolerance: An evaluation of plant growth, productivity, microbial diversity, and amelioration strategies

Plant Stress, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100319 - 100319

Published: Dec. 10, 2023

Global climate change affects weather patterns, affecting soil salinity and drought tolerance. Crop resilience agriculture sustainability can be enhanced by exploring salinity, plant tolerance, microbial diversity, remediation techniques. This review examines the morpho-physiological, molecular, genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation to stress. It highlights their impact on growth, productivity, diversity. Diverse methods are investigated tackle stress, encompassing chemical, physical, biological approaches. Additionally, water-efficient agricultural practices drought-resistant crop varieties presented as ways increase tolerance these stresses. These implications for sustainable emphasize potential of findings optimize resource utilization, yield, promote environmental sustainability. The concludes discussing future research directions, particularly need more study into molecular basis plant-microbe interactions stress mechanisms. By advancing our knowledge in this field, we develop innovative solutions mitigate ensuring food security changing climates.

Language: Английский

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Salinity responses and tolerance mechanisms in underground vegetable crops: an integrative review

Planta, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 255(3)

Published: Feb. 15, 2022

Language: Английский

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Melatonin: First-line soldier in tomato under abiotic stress current and future perspective

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 185, P. 188 - 197

Published: June 6, 2022

Language: Английский

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Mechanistic Understanding of Leakage and Consequences and Recent Technological Advances in Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereals

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 527 - 527

Published: Feb. 11, 2023

Although nitrogen (N) is the most limiting nutrient for agricultural production, its overuse associated with environmental pollution, increased concentration of greenhouse gases, and several human animal health implications. These implications are greatly affected by biochemical transformations losses N such as volatilization, leaching, runoff, denitrification. Half globally produced fertilizers used to grow three major cereals—rice, wheat, maize—and their current level recovery approximately 30–50%. The continuously increasing application fertilizers, despite lower cereals, can further intensify leftover N. To address these implications, improvement in use efficiency (NUE) adopting efficient agronomic practices modern breeding biotechnological tools developing cultivars requires immediate attention. Conventional marker-assisted selection methods be map quantitative trait loci, introgression elite germplasm leads creation better NUE. Moreover, gene-editing technology gives opportunity develop high-yielding improved utilization capacity. reliable cheap include site-specific management, enhanced resource conservation practices, precision farming, nano-fertilizers that help farmers reduce from soil–plant system, thus improving Our review illuminates insights into recent advances local scientific soil crop management technologies, along conventional technologies on how increase NUE linked pollution

Language: Английский

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An Insight into Microbes Mediated Heavy Metal Detoxification in Plants: a Review

Journal of soil science and plant nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 22(1), P. 914 - 936

Published: Nov. 24, 2021

Language: Английский

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Silicon Supplementation Alleviates the Salinity Stress in Wheat Plants by Enhancing the Plant Water Status, Photosynthetic Pigments, Proline Content and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities

Plants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(19), P. 2525 - 2525

Published: Sept. 26, 2022

Silicon (Si) is the most abundant element on earth after oxygen and very important for plant growth under stress conditions. In present study, we inspected role of Si in mitigation negative effect salt at three concentrations (40 mM, 80 120 mM NaCl) two wheat varieties (KRL-210 WH-1105) with or without (0 2 mM) treatment. Our results showed that photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll stability index, relative water content, protein carbohydrate content were reduced all both varieties. Moreover, lipid peroxidation, proline phenol electrolyte leakage significantly increased salinity stress. The antioxidant enzyme activities, like catalase peroxidase, enhanced leaves roots; however, SOD activity was drastically decreased roots. These effects more pronounced WH-1105, as KRL-210 a salt-tolerant variety. On other hand, supplementation improved water, protein, contents addition, MDA shown to decline following application It found applying activities better WH-1105 than KRL-210. Furthermore, be effective concentration compared low mM), indicating it stressed experimental findings will open new area research identification implication novel genes involved enhancing tolerance.

Language: Английский

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