Safety and efficacy assessment of an mRNA rabies vaccine in dogs, rodents, and cynomolgus macaques

npj Vaccines, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: July 20, 2024

Abstract Rabies is a lethal disease caused by the rabies virus (RABV), which causes acute neurological infections in mammals, including human beings. We previously reported that an mRNA vaccine (LVRNA001) encoding virus’s glycoprotein induced strong protective immune responses to mice and dogs. Here, we further evaluate safety of LVRNA001. First, performed confirmative efficacy study dogs, showed LVRNA001 fully protected animals from virus, both pre- post-infection. Moreover, using post-exposure prophylaxis murine models, LVRNA001, built CTN-1 strain, was able protect against various representative RABV strains China I–VII clades. To vaccine, chronic reproductive toxicity studies were with cynomolgus macaques rats, respectively. In repeated-dose study, vaccinated monkeys displayed no significant alterations body weight, temperature, or hematological biochemical markers. Lymphocyte subset measurement histopathological examination associated vaccine. The immunogenicity demonstrated promoted generation neutralizing antibodies Th1-biased response. Evaluation rats revealed administration had effects on fertility, maternal performance, processes, postnatal outcomes. conclusion, can provide efficient protection infection dogs mice, vaccine-related adverse effects, suggesting promising safe candidate for therapy.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric Microbial Resistance Patterns and Abandonment Rates in Western Romania—An Interdisciplinary Study

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 411 - 411

Published: April 16, 2025

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic in Romania exacerbated pediatric antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics may be related to increased multidrug-resistant bacteria. main aim this study was assess AMR trends and phenotypes, while a secondary objective investigate the potential links with hospital abandonment. Methods: This retrospective from Children’s Emergency Hospital “Louis Țurcanu”, Timișoara, focused on patterns 2019 pre-pandemic, 2021 pandemic, 2023 post-pandemic. following phenotypes were assessed: MRSA, MRCoNS, VRE, ESBL, CRO, MDR, XDR, PDR. Results: There 3530 total patients 6885 samples. 69.92% samples resistant at least one class, (72.69% 2019, 67.05% 2021, 69.16% 2023). Specifically, towards penicillins remained high across entire period (57.45–60.93%), classes presented elevated pandemic: cephalosporins (42.91%), combination therapies (40.95%), reserve (38.89%), cyclines (13.83%). As for MRSA MRCoNS peaked during (36.08% 81.43%, respectively) VRE relatively constant. Overall ESBL declined 14.45%, overall CRO (8.81%). MDR fell (64.47%), XDR (9.87%). No PDR cases observed. Pediatric abandonment an increasing concern, regional rising 5.42% (2019) 9.83% (2023). Compared general population, abandoned observed fluoroquinolones (50.00%), Aminogycolsides (60.00%), (70.00%), urinary (60.00%). Resistance (OR = 5.17, p 0.0304) 5.64, 0.0049) key predictors risk. Conclusions: influenced trends, notable peaks CRO. Post-pandemic suggest continued escalation resistance. association between infections highlights need robust stewardship social intervention policies.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the Impact of COVID-19 on Roma Vulnerable Communities in Western Romania: Insights and Predictive Factors from a Retrospective Study

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 435 - 435

Published: March 12, 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected vulnerable populations like Roma patients in Western Romania due to marginalization and limited healthcare access. Methods: A retrospective study analyzed cases between March 2020 August 2022 using data from the Directorate of Public Health Timis county. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory were assessed, along with risk factors biomarkers for ICU admission mortality prediction. following assessed: C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin (FER), IL-6, D-dimers, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), 25-OH vitamin D (25-OHD). Results: In comparison general population (GP), more overweight (p = 0.0292), came rural areas 0.0001), could not recall transmission source 0.0215), admitted intensive care unit (ICU, p 0.0399) frequently, had worse symptomatology 0.0490), showed elevated levels CRP 0.0245) IL-6 < 0.0001) lower HDL 0.0008) 25-OHD 0.0299). stronger, significant correlation was observed severity (rho 0.791 vs. 0.433 GP), an inverse stronger one −0.850 −0.734 GP) patients. male sex continues be important factor (OR 2.379) death 1.975), while heavy smoking relation 1.768). Although ethnicity 1.454 times at than GP, this did prove statistically 0.0751). most predictive regards both 1.381) GP 1.110) 1.154 Roma, OR 1.104 GP). protective effect normal values 0.947, 0.853, respectively) 0.920, 0.921, respectively), group, only considered 0.703). Cutoff 28.98 mg/L 29.03 patients, specificity groups (over 95). Conclusions: Higher rates admissions, severe symptomatology, distinct biomarker profiles among emphasize critical importance personalized strategies targeted interventions mitigate disproportionate burden on communities. have a clear impact as assessment significance HDL, should also overlooked these

Language: Английский

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A Bibliometric Analysis of COVID-19 Publications Between January 2019 and February 2025 by Romanian Authors

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Language: Английский

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The Mental Burden of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romania- a Retrospective Post-pandemic View

Published: Feb. 15, 2024

Background: The enduring psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continue to affect individuals long after immediate health concerns have subsided. This research aims identify specific groups within Romanian population who are at a higher risk experiencing mental challenges that can interfere with everyday life and may lead more serious disorders. Methods: Conducted as cross-sectional survey, this study evaluated prevalence intensity distress using DASS-21 questionnaire. An online survey distributed via Google Forms also gathered socio-demographic data COVID-19-specific information. Statistical analyses included Shapiro-Wilk test, Fisher&#039;s exact Z-tests Bonferroni correction. Quantitative independent variables lacked normal distribution were compared between either Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: Analysis 521 questionnaires, filled out by predominantly middle-aged cohort 320 women 201 men, revealed 63.72% participants worked outside healthcare field. Those unemployed retired reported significantly anxiety levels than in other sectors. Moreover, living alone, loss close relatives (6.14%) friends (33.59%), undergoing hospitalization reinfection due linked elevated scores. Conclusion. By identifying segments most vulnerable distress, evidenced scores among unemployed, retirees, those directly affected through personal loss, targeted initiatives for screening therapy be established. Such measures essential enhancing post-pandemic well-being Romanians, addressing needs uncovered study.

Language: Английский

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Bacterial Infections, Trends, and Resistance Patterns in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romania—A Systematic Review

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(12), P. 1219 - 1219

Published: Dec. 14, 2024

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified concerns over bacterial infections and antimicrobial resistance, particularly in Romania. This systematic review explores infection patterns resistance during the to address critical gaps knowledge. Methods: A review, following PRISMA guidelines, was conducted using databases such as PubMed Scopus, focusing on studies of from 2020 2022. Articles Romanian patients were analyzed for demographic data, trends, profiles. Results: total 87 included, detailing 20,000 cases infections. found that Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae, most frequently identified pathogens, alongside Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus Enterococcus spp. Multidrug (MDR) noted 24% reported strains, with common carbapenems cephalosporins. Conclusions: amplified complexity managing infections, critically ill patients. rise MDR bacteria underscores need stringent stewardship control measures. Continuous monitoring trends profiles will be essential improve treatment strategies post-pandemic healthcare settings.

Language: Английский

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The Mental Burden of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Retrospective Post-pandemic View From a Romanian Sample

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 29, 2024

The enduring psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic continue to affect individuals long after immediate health concerns have subsided. This research aims identify specific groups within Romanian population who are at a higher risk experiencing mental challenges that can interfere with everyday life and may lead more serious disorders.

Language: Английский

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THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON PREGNANCY OUTCOMES AND ITS EFFECTS ON OXIDATIVE STRESS – MINI REVIEW

Trakia Journal of Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 381 - 389

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Viral infections during pregnancy are not uncommon and may cause different complications both: 1) on the fetus; depending which trimester when woman gets infected, in addition to 2) maternal complications. During last decades, several cases of coronavirus like SARS, MERS have been identified regions world especially Middle East Africa. According clinical experience pregnancies that were complicated with infection by these types coronaviruses, has led pregnant women being considered potentially vulnerable severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. The impact remains be found , researches required determine effects implantation, fetal growth development, labor, neonatal health role oxidative stress.

Language: Английский

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