Age-Related Dysfunction in Balance: A Comprehensive Review of Causes, Consequences, and Interventions

Aging and Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 0 - 0

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This review delves into the multifaceted aspects of age-related balance changes, highlighting their prevalence, underlying causes, and impact they have on elderly population. Central to this discussion is exploration various physiological changes that occur with aging, such as alterations in vestibular, visual, proprioceptive systems, musculoskeletal degeneration. We examine role neurological disorders, cognitive decline, medication side effects exacerbating issues. The underscores significance early detection effective intervention strategies mitigating risks associated problems, falls reduced mobility. It discusses effectiveness diverse strategies, including exercise programs, rehabilitation techniques, technological advancements like virtual reality, wearable devices, telemedicine. Additionally, stresses importance a holistic approach managing encompassing review, addressing comorbidities, environmental modifications. paper also presents future research directions, emphasizing need for deeper understanding complex mechanisms aging potential emerging technologies interdisciplinary approaches enhancing assessment methods. comprehensive aims provide valuable insights healthcare providers, researchers, policymakers developing targeted improve quality life ensure well-being

Language: Английский

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The role of LncRNAs and CircRNAs in osteoporosis: a focus on osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis signaling pathways

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: April 29, 2024

Abstract Background Osteoporosis is a crucial health concern interconnected with physical disabilities as well financial burdens. It arises from an imbalance between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, provoking the reduction of bone mass disturbances in structure high fracture risk. Considerable efforts were done to prevent mitigate this public issue. Nonetheless, further understanding etiopathology osteoporosis underlying genetic epigenetic pathways required. Main body Emerging evidence indicates that noncoding RNAs, including long RNAs (lncRNAs) circular (circRNAs), play roles regulators various pathological processes, osteoporosis. LncRNAs are RNA transcripts higher structural complexity developed owing their secondary tertiary structures, which allow them create different binding sites for other biomolecules, such DNA, RNA, proteins. Another class circRNAs, have covalently closed loop without 5′ cap 3′ polyA tail formed by back-splicing pre-mRNAs. Because structure, circRNAs largely stable, resistant RNA-degrading nucleases, possess substantially longer circulatory half-lives than linear RNAs. Interestingly, both lncRNAs serve competing endogenous sponging multiple miRNA interact RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), thereby controlling expression target genes. Several studies indicated altered these could influence many biological processes cells. Conclusion The current review provides opinions on role mechanisms affect osteoblastic osteoclastic activities. deep offers distinctive avenues innovative treatment strategies.

Language: Английский

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IGF signaling pathway in bone and cartilage development, homeostasis, and disease

The FASEB Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(17)

Published: Aug. 29, 2024

Abstract The skeleton plays a fundamental role in the maintenance of organ function and daily activities. insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) family is group polypeptide substances with pronounced osteoblast differentiation, bone development, metabolism. Disturbance IGFs IGF signaling pathway inextricably linked assorted developmental defects, irregularities, jeopardized skeletal structure. Recent findings have illustrated significance action via factors receptors its interactions dissimilar pathways (Wnt/β‐catenin, BMP, TGF‐β, Hh/PTH pathways) promoting growth, survival, differentiation osteoblasts. also exhibits profound influences on cartilage development homeostasis versatile cell–cell an autocrine, paracrine, endocrine manner systemically locally. Our review summarizes regulatory as well potentially integrated gene network other homeostasis, which turn provides enlightening insight into visualizing bright molecular targets to be eligible for designing effective drugs handle diseases maladies, such osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, dwarfism.

Language: Английский

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The impact of fermented dairy products and probiotics on bone health improvement

Food Science of Animal Resources, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 45(2), P. 449 - 467

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

The bone is an important body organ due to its role in locomotion, protection and mineral homeostasis. Bone health affected by various intrinsic extrinsic factors like genetics, diet, environment immune status of individual. Being a dynamic organ, bones are continuously being remodeled the remodeling mediated intricate balance formation resorption which, turn, regulated environmental, genetic, hormonal neural factors. Lack any these leads disorders such as osteoporosis. Fermented dairy products along with their probiotics content play significant process ensuring maintenance forming cells (osteoblasts) (osteoclasts). Proteins minerals constituents bone. Dairy products, especially fermented ones, because good source proteins required make maintain healthy In addition, provide which involved improvement enhancing bioavailability dietary constituents, production short chain fatty acids reducing inflammatory components. Hence, should be regular part our diet keep healthy.

Language: Английский

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miR-374-5p inhibits osteogenesis by targeting PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: March 14, 2025

This study aims to evaluate the effects of miR-374-5p on osteogenesis in rat osteoblasts, validate its target PTEN, and explore role PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway during osteoblast differentiation. We transfected 293T cells with mimics inhibitors, followed by Western blot qRT-PCR analyses assess protein mRNA expression levels. A dual-luciferase assay was performed confirm direct targeting. Markers function, such as Runx2, OSX, OCN, were examined osteoblasts from rats blot. Additionally, we developed a lentiviral vector overexpress miR-374-5p, which successfully infected progenitors. Bone formation subsequently assessed using Alizarin Red staining ALP activity assays. Finally, rescue experiments conducted involvement miR-374-5p/PTEN/PI3K/AKT pathway. Our results demonstrate that significantly downregulates both levels gene confirmed dual luciferase revealed osteoblastic markers-including OCN—were markedly reduced mimic group, whereas an opposite trend observed inhibitor group. In vitro, overexpression suppressed differentiation, evidenced decreased calcium nodule compared controls. Furthermore, co-transfection PI3K/AKT LY294002 led lower pathway-related genes, notably, inhibitory effect differentiation reversed treatment. findings indicate inhibits targeting PTEN modulating

Language: Английский

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Strategies for Fabricating Multi-Material Bone Tissue Constructs

Bioprinting, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e00405 - e00405

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Oral-Gut Microbiome and Bone Health: Exploring Interplay

Current Trends in Biomedical Engineering & Biosciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(3)

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the intricate interplay among gut microbiome (GM), bone health, interleukins, chronic periodontitis, and COVID-19 within concise 300-word limit. It begins by exploring symbiotic relationship between GM delineating their composition, functions, influencing factors. The discussion seamlessly transitions to interaction metabolism, emphasizing nutrient absorption, microbial metabolites, specific bacteria, immune modulation. Experimental evidence highlights significant impact on elucidating roles metabolites bacterial strains. further investigates complex nexus COVID-19, underscoring genetic variations responses shaping susceptibility severity in viral infections. Chronic periodontitis emerges as crucial focal point for understanding systemic dysbiosis, with factors, therapeutic approaches offering insights into risk assessment potential interventions.

Language: Английский

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Association between psychological stress and mandibular condyle structure: an analytical cross-sectional study

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: July 19, 2024

Abstract Objective The potential influence of psychological factors on temporomandibular joint disorders has been clinically documented. To date, all research examining the impact stress conducted animals. This study aims to explore relationship between and structure human mandibular condyle. Methods cross-sectional was performed individuals, who were referred radiology division 5th Azar Hospital for head neck Computed Tomography (CT) scans. All participants completed a perceived questionnaire determine their level stress. Bone density cortical bone thickness measured as indicators condyle structure. Based multi-slice CT scan data, calculated in anterior, middle, posterior also at anterior Statistical analysis R 4.0.2 software. Results Seventy aged 18–59 years, participated this study. scans revealed decrease Hounsfield units (HU) mineral (BMD) both regions. However, high-stress group, there no significant difference regions condyle, nor HU BMD middle region An inverse correlation observed condyles. Conclusion current findings indicate that recent is associated with changes

Language: Английский

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A Study on the Prevalence of Osteoporosis in People with Different Altitudes in Sichuan, China

Clinical Interventions in Aging, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 1819 - 1828

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Purpose: Osteoporosis is a major health concern among the elderly, underscoring importance of investigating its prevalence across different geographical regions. There current research gap regarding incidence osteoporosis and variation by altitude within Sichuan, China. This study aimed to assess populations residing at altitudes in western Sichuan Province. Basic Procedures: utilized data from population-based cohort Representative locations were selected, cluster random sampling was employed conduct studies multiple sites southwestern T Baseline collected Mianzhu, Kangting, Sertar between July 2020 August 2021. To differences with varying characteristics, we applied Chi-square rank-sum tests. Main Findings: The involved 4074 participants, including 1404 males (34.46%) 791 individuals diagnosed (19.42%). osteopenia mid-altitude high-altitude regions 20.05% 16.28%, respectively, while significantly different, 25.85% areas compared 13.00% ( P < 0.001). Further analysis identified statistically significant females 0.001), middle-aged =0.015) elderly =0.038), as well who underweight =0.011), normal weight overweight obese =0.038). As increased, decreased all groups except women various BMI categories, but increased individuals. Additionally, regions, Kangting recorded an 18.10% 14.26% osteoporosis, Sertar, which exhibited 6.54% 6.23% indicating Conclusion: demonstrates that higher are associated particularly These results emphasize developing region-specific prevention strategies. Keywords: aging, prevalence, altitude, province

Language: Английский

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