High-intensity combination exercise has the highest effect on increasing serum irisin and interleukin 6 levels in women with obesity

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 35(1-2), P. 71 - 78

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Objectives Lifestyle, overnutrition, socioeconomic status, environmental conditions, and genetics are factors that cause obesity. Lifestyle modification with a nonpharmacological approach based on physical exercise is the starting point in overcoming However, appropriate effective intensity for obese subjects still debated. Therefore, this study aims to prove effect of differences aerobic-resistance combination increasing irisin IL-6 levels women. Methods A total 32 women were selected as administered interventions low-intensity (Q 2 ), moderate-intensity 3 high-intensity 4 ). ELISA was used measure all samples. Statistical analysis one-way ANOVA Turkey’s-Honest Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc test. Results The mean Δ control groups 1 Q , 0.27 ± 2.54, 2.07 2.55, 5.99 6.25, 7.98 2.82 pg/mL (p=0.015). 0.06 0.81 ng/mL 0.59 0.67 1.99 1.65 4.63 3.57 (p=0.001). Conclusions This proved three types combined increased myokine levels, such IL-6. provided most optimal improvement Future studies needed design long-term programs specifically adolescent using findings from study.

Language: Английский

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High-Caloric Diets in Adolescence Impair Specific GABAergic Subpopulations, Neurogenesis, and Alter Astrocyte Morphology

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(10), P. 5524 - 5524

Published: May 18, 2024

We compared the effects of two different high-caloric diets administered to 4-week-old rats for 12 weeks: a diet rich in sugar (30% sucrose) and cafeteria high-fat foods. focused on hippocampus, particularly gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic system, including Ca2+-binding proteins parvalbumin (PV), calretinin (CR), calbindin (CB), neuropeptides somatostatin (SST) neuropeptide Y (NPY). also analyzed density cholinergic varicosities, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), reelin (RELN), cyclin-dependent kinase-5 (CDK-5) mRNA levels, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression. The reduced PV-positive neurons granular layer, hilus, CA1, as well NPY-positive without altering other GABAergic populations or overall GABA levels. high-sugar induced decrease number cells CA3 an increase CB-positive hilus CA1. No alterations were observed varicosities. relative expression RELN significant changes BDNF CDK5 increased but length astrocyte processes. These data highlight significance determining mechanisms mediating these imply that cognitive impairments previously found might be related both neuroinflammation process reduction PV, NPY, hippocampal formation.

Language: Английский

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The Hidden Dangers of Sedentary Living: Insights into Molecular, Cellular, and Systemic Mechanisms

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(19), P. 10757 - 10757

Published: Oct. 6, 2024

With the aging of global population, neurodegenerative diseases are emerging as a major public health issue. The adoption less sedentary lifestyle has been shown to have beneficial effect on cognitive decline, but molecular mechanisms responsible clear. Here we provide detailed analysis complex molecular, cellular, and systemic underlying age-related decline how choices influence these processes. A review evidence from animal models, human studies, postmortem analyses emphasizes importance integrating physical exercise with cognitive, multisensory, motor stimulation part multifaceted approach mitigating decline. We highlight potential non-pharmacological interventions address key hallmarks, such genomic instability, telomere attrition, neuroinflammation, underscore need for comprehensive personalized strategies promote resilience healthy aging.

Language: Английский

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Short-term consumption of highly processed diets varying in macronutrient content impair the sense of smell and brain metabolism in mice

Molecular Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 79, P. 101837 - 101837

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

Food processing greatly contributed to increased food safety, diversity, and accessibility. However, the prevalence of highly palatable processed in our modern diet has exacerbated obesity rates a global health crisis. While accumulating evidence suggests that chronic consumption such foods is detrimental sensory neural physiology, it unclear whether its short-term intake adverse effects. We assessed how (<2 months) three diets varying composition macronutrient content influence olfaction brain metabolism mice. The tested included grain-based standard chow (CHOW; 54% carbohydrate, 32% protein, 14% fat; #8604 Teklad Rodent diet, Envigo Inc.), control (hpCTR; 70% 20% 10% #D12450B, Research Diets high-fat (hpHFD; 60% #D12492, Inc.). performed behavioral metabolic phenotyping, electro-olfactogram (EOG) recordings, glucose imaging, mitochondrial respirometry different regions. also RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) nose across several regions, conducted differential expression analysis, gene ontology, network analysis. show two diets, but not regardless content, adversely affects odor-guided behaviors, physiological responses odorants, transcriptional profiles olfactory mucosa respiration. Even short periods are sufficient cause early abnormalities, which potential alter choices risk developing disease.

Language: Английский

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Modulatory role of α-MSH in hippocampal-dependent memory impairment, synaptic plasticity changes, oxidative stress, and astrocyte reactivity induced by short-term high-fat diet intake

Neuropharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 239, P. 109688 - 109688

Published: Aug. 15, 2023

Language: Английский

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