Gut commensalParabacteroides distasonisalleviates inflammatory arthritis

Gut, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 72(9), P. 1664 - 1677

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is closely linked to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed identify potential probiotic gut microbes that can ameliorate development RA.Microbiota profiling in patients with RA and healthy individuals was investigated via 16S rDNA bacterial gene sequencing shotgun metagenomics. Collagen-induced arthritic mice TNF-α transgenic were used evaluate roles commensal Parabacteroides distasonis RA. The effects P. distasonis-derived microbial metabolites on differentiation CD4+ T cells macrophage polarisation also investigated.The relative abundance new-onset history disease downregulated this decrease negatively correlated Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28). Oral treatment live (LPD) considerably ameliorated pathogenesis. LPD-derived lithocholic acid (LCA), deoxycholic (DCA), isolithocholic (isoLCA) 3-oxolithocholic (3-oxoLCA) had similar synergistic In addition directly inhibiting Th17 cells, 3-oxoLCA isoLCA identified as TGR5 agonists promoted M2 macrophages. A specific synthetic inhibitor bile salt hydrolase attenuated antiarthritic LPD by reducing production these four acids. natural product ginsenoside Rg2 exhibited its anti-RA promoting growth distasonis.P. might represent prebiotic agents

Language: Английский

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Oral Microbiome: Getting to Know and Befriend Neighbors, a Biological Approach

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 671 - 671

Published: March 14, 2022

The oral microbiome, forming a biofilm that covers the structures, contains high number of microorganisms. Biofilm formation starts from salivary pellicle allows bacterial adhesion-colonization-proliferation, co-aggregation and maturation in complex microbial community. There is constant bidirectional crosstalk between human host its microbiome. paper presents fundamentals regarding microbiome relationship to modulator factors, systemic health. modern studies microorganisms relationships with benefits are based on genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics metabolomics. Pharmaceuticals such as antimicrobials, prebiotics, probiotics, surface active or abrasive agents plant-derived ingredients may influence Many found associations dysbiosis disorders, including autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular, diabetes, cancers neurodegenerative disorders. We outline general individual factors influencing host-microbial balance possibility use analysis prevention, diagnosis treatment personalized medicine. Future therapies should take account restoration normal symbiotic relation

Language: Английский

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New insights into inflammatory osteoclast precursors as therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis

Bone Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: May 22, 2023

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis are chronic inflammatory diseases leading to increased bone resorption. Preventing this resorption is a major health challenge. Both share immunopathogenic similarities common environment. The autoimmune response or periodontal infection stimulates certain immune actors, in both cases inflammation that perpetuates Moreover, RA have strong epidemiological association could be explained by microbial dysbiosis. This dysbiosis believed involved the initiation of via three mechanisms. (i) dissemination pathogens triggers systemic inflammation. (ii) Periodontal can induce generation citrullinated neoepitopes, anti-citrullinated peptide autoantibodies. (iii) Intracellular danger-associated molecular patterns accelerate local Therefore, promote sustain distant inflamed joints. Interestingly, conditions, existence osteoclasts distinct from “classical osteoclasts” has recently been reported. They proinflammatory origins functions. Several populations osteoclast precursors described RA, such as classical monocytes, dendritic cell subtype, arthritis-associated osteoclastogenic macrophages. aim review synthesize knowledge on their especially periodontitis. Special attention will given recent data related potential value due between two diseases. Improving our understanding these pathogenic mechanisms should lead identification new therapeutic targets pathological associated with

Language: Английский

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Expert consensus on the use of oropharyngeal probiotic Bactoblis in respiratory tract infection and otitis media: available clinical evidence and recommendations for future research

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

infection or allergic constitution. In recent years, many studies have attempted to explore the effects of human microbiome-based interventions on regulation host immunity and prevention respiratory tract infections. However, heterogeneous inconsistent reproducibility between resulted in opinions among physicians terms recommendation probiotics patients. As an evidence-based research method recommended by academia probiotic finished product is effective promote development industry. The results are more consistent with clinical outcomes a realworld setting hence conducive experts' use also inform consumer decisions. This expert panel suggests that upper Bactoblis can be valuable tool for recommend patients addition standard drug therapy. based its successful application practice China Europe, positive patient feedback, evidence from multiple trials limited those where single was admistered subjects. encourages new areas related microbiota, believing such hold great potential improved disease management enhancing patients' quality life.Expert ConsensusComplementary together treatment ameliorate when therapy does not improve health conditions effectively Complementary effectivelyThe crucial site defense, as it home bacterial communities both modulate immune defense serve reservoir pathogens. During first few years life, much like gastrointestinal microbiome, nasopharyngeal microbiota young children changes immature state diverse matures resemble adult resulting higher risk illness [1]. According systematic analysis infections 33 provinces 1990 2019, consistently increasing trend number RTi cases observed. 2019 3%, 5% 11% than 2010, 2000 1990, respectively. incidence rate URTis largest younger indicating future URTi LRTi strategies should focus maternal child health, especially [2]. URTIs, although they generally mild resolve spontaneously, significantly impact school attendance work absence caregivers. Paediatricians andcaregivers require reduce recurrence prone frequent RTIs medical visits. Risk factors associated through odds ratio (OR) recurrent include asthma(OR = 8.31 (P < 0.001)), allegry (OR 2.31 initial antibiotics 1.72 breastfeeding duration 6months 1.24 (P<0.002)), body mass index 1.19 0.001) [4]. general, distinct microbial maturation patterns involved early asymptomatic viral presence dynamics gene expression profiles [5], translate into either beneficial susceptibililty RTI and/or asthma rhinitis. A "three-hit" model chronic begins establishment non-beneficial hit, suffering varying degree severity second progression long-term inflammatory airway status third hit [6]. managing pediatric (RRTi) built several key approaches. One approach focuses modulating non-specific responses strengthen body's natural defenses against infectious agents. Another involves specific directly combat Additionally, inflammation anti-inflammatory help infection-or pathogeninduced inflammation. Modulating microflora administration colonize promising. aims interaction commensal bacteria system, ultimately reducing susceptibility RRTi.To date, unnecessary widely prescribed most do receive guideline-recommended antibiotic classes Chinese primary healthcare facilities [7],. Meanwhileparents often resort self-medication their [8]. Unfortunately, microbiome recovery lost diversity after short courses delayed Azithromycin, effect altered diversity, resistance composition considered "antibiotic scarring" [9].Well documented exposure affects infant gut disturbances increase variety diseases later life including infections.[10],In addition, preferentially impairs lung mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell which plays important role recognizing broad array pathogens [11].Antibiotic-induced disruption exacerbated vertical transmission genes mother offspring during pregnancy lactation, [12], risks childhood metabolic disorders [13], neurobehavioral autism spectrum disorder, intellectual language epilepsy [14], Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) [15].Although reviews reveal variable outcomes, knowledge gaps insufficient [16][17][18][19], formula recommended, possible supportive selected burden RTIs.Oropharyngeal probiotics, has real-world indications Therefore, extremely professionals properly educated updated oropharyngeal even though awareness towards been well-established [21], purpose assisting pediatricians practitioners who willing offer alternative option safely manage appropriately probiotics. following professional recommendations meant broadly applicable viewed preferred adjunctive approach. replace approaches depend individual scenarios. project support decision-making scientific daily care-givers.A meeting our consensus panal consisting experts (with specialties paediatrics, obstetrician gynecologist, oncologist, pharmacist, immunology microbiology scientists) convened review, examine, select synthesize 38 publications organized them 2 main topics, existing evidencebased science researches, Participants jointly questions generated approved hereby summarized.We hope this statement will provide views appropriate probiotic, health. societies group technically reviewed 10 conducted efficacy RRTi published since 2012 total 832 participating.Oropharyngeal given form slowly dissolving oral lozenges, administered before bedtime brushing teeth every evening subjects were required suck lozenge until fully dissolved (approximately 4-5 min) making sure chewed swallowed. They suggested drink swallow any substance at least 1 hour lozenges. If study RTIs, requested continuously take days taking antibiotics, but had taken two hours apart.Oropharyngeal practices discussed evaluation population, RRTi, current strategies, dose schedule. Overall, general group, reduced developing episodes RRTi. conditional level criteria graded type randomized according latest World Gastroenterology Organisation Global Guidelines: Probioticcs Prebiotics 2024 [22], made, context corresponding trials. Most homogeneous regards subjects, dosage, schedule formulation, found good safety profile. These findings revealed compared controls, people history receiving lower period around 90%, protective benefit observed intervention maintained months end intervention. controls administrating Bactoblis. Limitation non-blinded pathogen defined molecular tests RTi-related used described article, size small. baseline characteristics enrolled precisely all Among trials, 6 English 5 carried out Europe China, 4 Ukraine Ukrainian abstract publish journals. Clinical evidencing listed Table 1.Otitis media represents significant children, families, system major cause hearing loss serious life-long sequelae, behavior, attention [34], anxiety, learning speech-language problems late [35], if left otitis untreated. Chronic recalcitrant therapies due formation biofilms intracellular biofilm pods otopathogens middle ear mucosa within fluid [36]. empirically treating suppurative media, may lead emergence resistant strains [37]. official differ regarding tympanostomy-tube placement could favoring time episode acute various episode-related episodes, percentage severe, antimicrobial isolates [38]. Relative abundances Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumonia Moraxella catarrhalis tract, might further investigation preventive measurements acute, secretory [39]. 7 formula, Bactoblis, providing 2.Respiratory common infection, predisposing secondary severe course, antiviral induced dysbiosis turn alter subsequent function inter-microbial interactions, thereby proliferation potentially pathogenic species. [45],Increased growth rates observed, type-specifically disrupted influenza virus (FluA), B (FluB), syncytial (RSV), rhinovirus (HRV) [46], well Omicron other variant SARS-CoV-2 viruses [47].Non-pathogenic organisms colonized nasopharynx oropharynx possess ability interfere S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae M. catarrhalis, carriage increases nasopharyngitis pharyngitis , symptomatic [48]. Even shaped critical window season indicates niche differentiation preceding confirmed ecological topography augmented start daycare linked consecutive [49]. summary, restoring episodes. Studies suggesting preventing via 3.Repeated tonsillitis, prior contributor prescribing[51], except prescription, tonsillectomy remains surgery however, postoperative pain some complications bleeding[52], importantly, cohort 1.2 million followed up 30 showed adenoidectomy increased relative allergies absolute considerably larger these surgeries aim treat, consider decisions perform [53]. Children adenoid-related mostly obstructive sleep-disordered breathing, effusion, sinusitis, while aureus, pneumoniae commonly adenoid [54]. Surgical removal adenoids tonsils treat obstructed breathing middle-ear remain procedures, meta-analysis literature included thousand demonstrated sleep apnea cured [55]. adenoiditis occurs frequently complicated diseases, persistent effusion fail respond traditional therapy, predispose functional sequalae auditory impairment [56].In adenoiditis, necessary account features normal nasopharynx, acting opportunistic microorganisms, favorable stimulating representatives indigenic created, contribute patient's speedy relapses [57]. Further microbiomes longitudinal design implantation adenoidectomy. demonstrating tonsillitis 4.The removed PFAPA differed non-PFAPA patients, tonsillar play triggering processes symptoms [61] further, tonsil peptide surface epithelium autoinflammatory evident [62]. 5. To restore selfmanagement conditions. Evidence observational attending abundance salivarius saliva otopathogens, Moraxella, strongly exacerbation [72] . More rhinitis high allergy seasons.Despite decades research, systemic autoimmune (SADs) continue global concern etiology still clear. Health Organization (WHO) International Labour (ILO) workers work-related asthma. For example, prevalence occupational nurses (10.7%) Japan Japanese Guidelines Occupational Allergic Diseases 2020 [85] ,a review cross-sectional indicated 10~60% workers, anaphylaxis triggered rubber latex, chemicals, disinfectants medications [86] response continues interact imbalance nasal flora. Exposure allergens induce flora mucosa, leading sinusitis eosinophilia, symptoms, life[71]. occupation-related allergens, adhesion colonization factor inducing diseases[87].It reported haemophilus care working hospitals times comparing non-healthcare [88][89] Methicillin-resistant aureus (MRSA) [90], laboratory staff direct dense contact pathogens, living hospital staff, appeared virulent β-lactamases [91],another MRSA surgical HCW (32.4%) (30.8%) relatively higher, highest detected [92].The Staphylococcus spp. prevalently hands HCWs internal medicine ward ward, about personnel neonatal unit, multi-drug extensively isolated[93], (40%) isolated cellphones Gram-positive susceptible Gram-negative ceftazidime [94]. balanced healthier families expected protect long term family members. rise dwindling pipeline recognized emerging threats public [99]. Enormous therapeutic challenges present groups acquiring genes. proportion pneumococci aspirates inpatient technical completed adjuvant explicitly labeled formulas rather only undefined.The process doctors understand how dietary supplement, assistive tool, adjunctively better refractory infections, etc., prophylactically supplemented shorten course Meanwhile, parents caregivers benefited illness, care-giving, need prescriptions drugs. strategy self-health accepted active will. intended treatment. provided serves reference best practice, diagnosis determined physician case-by-case basis.The [15] KINDGREN E,LUDVIGSSON J.Infections fetal relationship juvenile idiopathic arthritis:a prospective study[J].Pediatr Rheumatol,2021,19(1):145. [23] .3-12 65 streptococcal 45 treated oropharymgeal 90 days, remaining 20 did served control group. 17 without healthy pharyngotonsil decreased 92% (p<0.0001) previous year 90-day administration, 39% (p<0.001) contrast, there non-significant 29% year. 6-month follow-up period, received experienced reduction 66% (p=0.0278) pharyngeal group.Pierro et al [24] .2013 40 18-65 whom adults 84% year, slightly 14% patients; 62% (p=0.0389).Pierro 2014 b 60 3-13 pharyngotonsillitis 96.8% same quarter [25] .recurrent pharyngotonsillitis, 80% (p<0.01), different Further, medication, absent caregiving study.Pierro [26] .3-10 48 another 76 controls. 89.6% (P<0.01) 33.3% non-significantly Prevalence 93% bronchitis, 76% pharyngitis, 69% (P<0.05) rhinitis, 95% influenza, laryngitis, 100% media.Grego ri [27] .2016 130 3-776 54 took no 9 months. one-year observation 3 82% (p<0.001).Kryuc hko [28] .2017 66 3-10 Pediatric outpatients classified three subgroups diagnosis, 26 22 hypertrophy 18 beta-Hemolytic Group (BHSGA) each subgroup assigned then BHSGA subgroup, 90% (p<0.001), 86% less (p< 0.001); combination medication adenoiditis-associated dyspnea, mouth snoring sleep, cough (mainly night morning), congestion, times, using prescription; decrease detection haemophilus, staphylococcus streptococcus pyogenes, whether started

Language: Английский

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Crossroads: Pathogenic role and therapeutic targets of neutrophil extracellular traps in rheumatoid arthritis

Biocell, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 48(1), P. 9 - 19

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent autoimmune disease whose main features include chronic synovial inflammation, bone destruction, and joint degeneration.Neutrophils are often considered to be the first responders inflammation key presence in inflammatory milieu of RA.Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), meshwork DNA-histone complexes proteins released by activated neutrophils, widely involved pathophysiology diseases, especially RA, addition playing role neutrophil innate immune response.NETs have been found an important source citrullinated autoantigen antibodies factor release, which can activate RA fibroblasts (FLS) cause damage.This article reviews NETs demonstrating application multiple molecules with various therapies, view informing discovery development novel biomarkers therapeutic targets for RA.

Language: Английский

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Healthy microbiome – a mere idea or a sound concept?

Physiological Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 71(6), P. 719 - 738

Published: Nov. 25, 2022

Hundreds of studies in last decades have aimed to compare the microbiome patients suffering from diverse diseases with that healthy controls. The microbiome-related component was additionally identified pathophysiology many formerly considered depend only on host physiology. This, however, opens important questions like: “What is microbiome?” or “Is it possible define unequivocally?”. In this review, we describe main hindrances complicating definition “healthy microbiome” terms microbiota composition. We discuss human perspective classical ecology and advocate for shift stress composition functions ensures host. Finally, propose leave concept ideal replace by focus advantageous host, which always depends specific context like age, genetics, dietary habits, body site physiological state.

Language: Английский

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The Mediterranean diet, and not dietary inflammatory index, is associated with rheumatoid arthritis disease activity, the impact of disease and functional disability

European Journal of Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 62(7), P. 2827 - 2839

Published: June 24, 2023

Language: Английский

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The connection between epigenetics and gut microbiota‐current perspective

Cell Biochemistry and Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(2)

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Abstract Both the epigenetic changes and gut microbiota (GM) have attracted a growing interest in establishing effective diagnostics potential therapeutic strategies for number of diseases. These disorders include metabolic, central nervous system‐related diseases, autoimmune, gastrointestinal infections (GI). Despite studies, there is no extensive review that connects epigenetics modifications GM as biomarkers could confer treatment options. To this end, hopes to give detailed information on connecting GM. An updated connection between factors influence diseases are given. In addition, showed some associations maternal offspring health. Finally, limitations concept prospects into new emerging discipline were also looked into. Although elucidated diet response health with respect modifications, still exist various newly discipline. addition integrating complementary multi‐omics data, longitudinal sampling will aid identification functional mechanisms may serve targets. gave perspective harnessing disease diagnostics, prevention options through

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic potential of probiotics in gut microbial homeostasis and Rheumatoid arthritis

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 137, P. 112501 - 112501

Published: June 16, 2024

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Role of the Microbiome in Rheumatoid Arthritis—A Critical Review

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 1387 - 1387

Published: July 9, 2024

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by synovial joint inflammation with subsequent destruction as well systemic manifestation, leading to impaired mobility and quality of life. The etiopathogenesis RA still unknown, genetic, epigenetic environmental factors (incl. tobacco smoking) contributing susceptibility. link between genetic like "shared epitope alleles" the development known. However, why only some carriers have break in self-tolerance develop autoimmunity needs be clarified. presence autoantibodies patients' serum months years prior onset clinical manifestations has moved focus possible factors, including triggers that could contribute initiation perpetuation inflammatory reaction RA. Over past several years, role microorganisms at mucosal sites (i.e., microbiome) emerged an essential mediator An increasing number studies revealed microbial immunopathogenesis diseases. Interaction host immune system microbiota initiates loss immunological tolerance autoimmunity. alteration microbiome composition, so-called dysbiosis, associated Immune dysfunction caused dysbiosis sustains chronic inflammation. This review aims provide critical summary literature findings related hypothesis reciprocal relation system. Available data from reveal pivotal pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

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