The
menace
of
antimicrobial
resistance
to
public
health
is
constantly
arising
globally.
Many
pathogenic
bacteria
use
mechanisms
such
as
mutations
and
biofilm
formation,
significantly
reducing
agents'
efficacy.
In
this
cross-sectional
study,
we
aimed
determine
the
prevalence
selected
extended
spectrum
β-lactamase
(ESβLs)
genes
analyse
formation
abilities
isolated
causing
urinary
tract
infection
among
adult
patients
against
drug
dosages
seeking
Medicare
at
Kiambu
Level
5
Hospital,
Kenya.
double-disk
synergy
test
was
used
for
phenotypic
identification
ESβLs
producing
isolates,
while
microtiter
plate
assays
with
some
modifications
were
test.
A
total
10
isolates
bioassayed
ESβL
presence
out
57
obtained
from
urine
samples.
This
study
found
blaTEM
be
most
prevalent
type
10/10
(100%),
followed
by
blaOXA
blaSHV
4/10
(40%)
3/10
(30%),
respectively.
addition,
co-carriage
50%
lower
than
that
+
66.7%
Escherichia
coli
isolates.
Biofilm
positive
in
36/57
(63.2%)
tested,
being
Gram-negative
25/36
(69.4%).
15/36
(41.7
%),
Klebsiella
species
7/36
(19.4%),
Staphylococcus
aureus
(19.4%)
dominant
formers.
However,
there
no
significant
difference
all
tested
recording
p-values
above
0.05.
light
these
findings,
potential
coupled
UTI
could
likely
lead
difficult
treat
infections.
Virology Journal,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
20(1)
Published: May 3, 2023
Abstract
Background
Bacteriophages
(phages)
are
one
of
the
most
promising
alternatives
to
traditional
antibiotic
therapies,
especially
against
multidrug-resistant
bacteria.
Klebsiella
pneumoniae
is
considered
be
an
opportunistic
pathogen
that
can
cause
life-threatening
infections.
Thus,
this
study
aims
at
characterization
a
novel
isolated
phage
vB_Kpn_ZC2
(ZCKP2,
for
short).
Methods
The
ZCKP2
was
from
sewage
water
by
using
clinical
isolate
KP/08
as
host
strain.
bacteriophage
purified
and
amplified,
followed
testing
its
molecular
weight
Pulse-Field
Gel
Electrophoresis
(PFGE),
transmission
electron
microscopy,
antibacterial
activity
panel
other
hosts,
stability
studies,
whole
genome
sequencing.
Results
Phage
belongs
morphologically
siphoviruses
indicated
Transmission
Electron
Microscopy
microgram.
Pulsed
Field
sequencing
estimated
size
48.2
kbp.
Moreover,
absence
lysogeny-related
genes,
resistance
virulence
genes
in
annotated
suggests
safe
therapeutic
use.
Genome-based
taxonomic
analysis
indicates
represents
new
family
has
not
been
formally
rated
yet.
In
addition,
preserved
high
different
temperatures
pH
values
(-20
−
70
°C
4
–
9).
For
activity,
maintained
consistent
clear
zones
on
bacteria
along
with
addition
effective
bacterial
killing
over
time
MOIs
(0.1,
1,
10).
Also,
annotation
predicted
lytic
enzymes.
Furthermore,
topology
class
II
holins
some
putative
proteins
dual
transmembrane
domains
contribute
significantly
activity.
demonstrates
safety
efficiency
K.
,
hence
good
candidate
further
vivo
therapy
applications.
Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
23(1)
Published: June 17, 2024
Abstract
Background
The
global
dissemination
of
critical-priority
carbapenem-resistant
hypervirulent
Klebsiella
pneumoniae
(CR-hvKp)
via
food
sources
represents
a
significant
public
health
concern.
Epidemiological
data
on
CR-hvKp
in
oysters
Egypt
is
limited.
This
study
aimed
to
investigate
the
potential
role
sold
as
source
for
K.
(CRKP),
(hvKp),
and
assess
associated
zoonotic
risks.
Methods
A
sample
330
fresh
was
randomly
purchased
from
various
retail
fish
markets
divided
into
33
pools.
Bacteriological
examination
identification
were
performed.
Carbapenem
resistance
isolates
determined
by
phenotypic
molecular
methods.
Additionally,
presence
identified
based
virulence
gene
markers
(
peg-344
,
rmpA
rmpA2
iucA
iroB
),
followed
string
test.
clustering
strains
carried
out
using
R
with
pheatmap
package.
Results
overall
prevalence
48.5%
(16
33),
13
displaying
carbapenem
resistance,
one
intermediate
two
sensitive.
Both
carbapenem-intermediate-resistant
exhibited
carbapenemase
production,
predominantly
linked
bla
VIM
(68.8%).
HvKp
at
rate
62.5%
(10/16);
notably,
most
prevalent
gene.
Significantly,
10
CRKP
possessed
hypervirulence
genes,
contributing
emergence
CR-hvKp.
Moreover,
cluster
analysis
revealed
same
market.
Conclusion
provides
first
insight
among
Egypt.
It
underscores
disseminating
within
aquatic
ecosystems,
presenting
possible
threat
health.
Pathogens,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14(1), P. 79 - 79
Published: Jan. 15, 2025
The
emergence
of
hypervirulent
and
carbapenem-resistant
hypermucoviscous
Klebsiella
pneumoniae
strains
presents
a
significant
public
health
challenge
due
to
their
increased
virulence
resistance
multiple
antibiotics.
This
study
evaluates
the
antibiotic
susceptibility
patterns
profiles
classical
K.
isolated
from
various
clinical
samples.
A
total
500
samples
were
collected
patients
at
Mardan
Medical
Complex
Ayub
in
KPK
between
July
2022
June
2024.
Among
these,
64
subsequently
subjected
antimicrobial
testing
(AST)
phenotypic
detection.
isolates,
21
(32.8%)
exhibited
hypermucoviscosity,
characteristic
associated
with
pathogenicity.
Hemagglutination
was
observed
35
(54.1%)
indicating
presence
surface
adhesins
that
facilitate
bacterial
adherence
host
tissues.
high
prevalence
biofilm
formation
noted,
54
(84%)
isolates
capable
forming
biofilms,
which
are
known
protect
bacteria
antibiotics
immune
response.
Most
(59/64,
92.1%)
resistant
against
ampicillin,
highlighting
its
limited
efficacy
these
strains.
Conversely,
lowest
for
tigecycline,
only
15%
(10/64)
showing
resistance,
potential
utility
as
treatment
option.
also
found
38
(59.3%)
extended-spectrum
beta-lactamase
(ESBL)
producers,
42
(65.6%)
multidrug-resistant
(MDR),
32
(50%)
extensively
drug-resistant
(XDR),
13
(20.3%)
carbapenems.
genetic
revealed
producer
enhancer
genes
(mrkD,
pgaABCD,
fimH,
treC,
wzc,
pilQ,
luxS)
mainly
These
show
number
genes.
findings
this
underscore
critical
need
active
surveillance
determinants
pneumoniae.
coexistence
levels
factors
poses
severe
threat
health,
it
can
lead
difficult-to-treat
infections
morbidity
mortality.
BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
26(1)
Published: Jan. 30, 2025
The
global
dissemination
of
carbapenem-resistant
hypervirulent
Klebsiella
pneumoniae
(CR-hvKp)
poses
a
critical
threat
to
public
health.
However,
comprehensive
data
on
the
prevalence
and
resistance
rates
CR-hvKp
are
limited.
This
systematic
review
meta-analysis
aim
estimate
pooled
carbapenem
among
hvKp
strains
assess
distribution
carbapenemase
genes.
A
search
ISI
Web
Science,
PubMed,
Google
Scholar
was
conducted
identify
studies
reporting
in
strains.
genes
calculated
using
event
with
95%
confidence
intervals.
total
36
encompassing
1,098
were
included.
49%
for
imipenem,
53.2%
meropenem,
38.2%
ertapenem.
Carbapenemase
gene
19.1%
blaVIM,
22.0%
blaNDM,
43.4%
blaOXA-48,
58.8%
blaKPC.
high
widespread
underscore
their
significant
These
findings
highlight
urgent
need
enhanced
surveillance,
rapid
diagnostic
tools,
stringent
infection
control
measures
mitigate
spread
CR-hvKp.
Future
research
should
focus
understanding
mechanisms
developing
targeted
therapeutic
strategies
address
this
challenge.
Future Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 13
Published: March 26, 2025
Multidrug-resistant
hypervirulent
Klebsiella
pneumoniae
(MDR-hvKP)
combines
high
pathogenicity
with
multidrug
resistance
to
become
a
new
superbug.
MDR-hvKP
reports
continue
emerge,
shattering
the
perception
that
K.
(hvKP)
strains
are
antibiotic
sensitive.
Patients
infected
have
been
reported
in
Asia,
particularly
China.
Although
hvKP
can
acquire
drug
genes,
seems
be
more
easily
transformed
from
classical
(cKP),
which
has
strong
gene
uptake
ability.
To
better
understand
biology
of
MDR-hvKP,
this
review
discusses
virulence
factors,
mechanisms,
formation
pathways,
and
identification
MDR-hvKP.
Given
their
destructive
transmissible
potential,
continued
surveillance
these
organisms
enhanced
control
measures
should
prioritized.
Journal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
38, P. 376 - 388
Published: July 26, 2024
In
response
to
the
growing
global
concerns
regarding
antibiotic
resistance,
we
conducted
a
meta-analysis
assess
prevalence
of
resistance
in
hypervirulent
Klebsiella
pneumoniae
(hvKp)
strains.
Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(4), P. 735 - 742
Published: Oct. 20, 2023
The
aim
of
the
study
was
to
evaluate
data
phylogenetically
analyzed
nucleotide
sequences
from
K.
pneumoniae
strain
uge
genes
carried
out
in
perinatal
center.
Materials
and
methods.
Fifty-six
gene
were
analyzed.
detected
by
real-time
PCR
using
DT
light
amplifier
(Russia).
Results.
rate
strains
among
patients
obstetric
gynecological
departments
2020–2023
averaged
1.4%.
In
pediatric
hospitals,
isolation
comprised
12–14%
2020,
2021
2023.
2022,
a
fourfold
decrease
recorded.
Phylogenetic
analysis
showed
that
significantly
grouped
into
14
clusters.
virulence
factor
is
found
64.3%
cases.
allowed
detect
heterogeneous
population
isolated
at
center
2019
2023
phylogenetic
method.
There
are
clusters
combine
genovariants
not
replenished
with
new
isolates,
which
confirms
effectiveness
ongoing
anti-epidemic
measures,
enhanced
during
COVID-19
spread,
excluding
transmission
an
infectious
agent
source
susceptible
organism
nosocomial
environment.
P249Q,
N279L
amino
acid
substitutions
within
determined,
distinguish
hypervirulent
those
lower
degree
pathogenicity.
Out
five
mother-child
pairs,
four
—
genetically
closer
each
other
than
Medical
Departments
suggesting
about
high
their
relationship,
highly
likely
indicating
for
child
paired
mother,
or
staff
institution.
one
pair,
belonged
different
isolate
obtained
on
09/06/2021
neonatal
faeces
(age:
7
days
old)
12/12/2020
patient
maternity
ward
Laos
2013
(CP035196).
06/04/2021
urine
woman,
included
cluster
13.
Conclusion.
An
opportunity
improving
local
microbiological
monitoring
sequencing
has
been
demonstrated.
Assessment
changes
intraspecies
pattern
HCAI
pathogens
necessary
timely
reasonable
response
deterioration
epidemiological
situation.
The
menace
of
antimicrobial
resistance
to
public
health
is
constantly
arising
globally.
Many
pathogenic
bacteria
use
mechanisms
such
as
mutations
and
biofilm
formation,
significantly
reducing
agents'
efficacy.
In
this
cross-sectional
study,
we
aimed
determine
the
prevalence
selected
extended
spectrum
β-lactamase
(ESβLs)
genes
analyse
formation
abilities
isolated
causing
urinary
tract
infection
among
adult
patients
against
drug
dosages
seeking
Medicare
at
Kiambu
Level
5
Hospital,
Kenya.
double-disk
synergy
test
was
used
for
phenotypic
identification
ESβLs
producing
isolates,
while
microtiter
plate
assays
with
some
modifications
were
test.
A
total
10
isolates
bioassayed
ESβL
presence
out
57
obtained
from
urine
samples.
This
study
found
blaTEM
be
most
prevalent
type
10/10
(100%),
followed
by
blaOXA
blaSHV
4/10
(40%)
3/10
(30%),
respectively.
addition,
co-carriage
50%
lower
than
that
+
66.7%
Escherichia
coli
isolates.
Biofilm
positive
in
36/57
(63.2%)
tested,
being
Gram-negative
25/36
(69.4%).
15/36
(41.7
%),
Klebsiella
species
7/36
(19.4%),
Staphylococcus
aureus
(19.4%)
dominant
formers.
However,
there
no
significant
difference
all
tested
recording
p-values
above
0.05.
light
these
findings,
potential
coupled
UTI
could
likely
lead
difficult
treat
infections.
The
menace
of
antimicrobial
resistance
to
public
health
is
constantly
arising
globally.
Many
pathogenic
bacteria
use
mechanisms
such
as
mutations
and
biofilm
formation,
significantly
reducing
agents'
efficacy.
In
this
cross-sectional
study,
we
aimed
determine
the
prevalence
selected
extended
spectrum
β-lactamase
(ESβLs)
genes
analyse
formation
abilities
isolated
causing
urinary
tract
infection
among
adult
patients
against
drug
dosages
seeking
Medicare
at
Kiambu
Level
5
Hospital,
Kenya.
double-disk
synergy
test
was
used
for
phenotypic
identification
ESβLs
producing
isolates,
while
microtiter
plate
assays
with
some
modifications
were
test.
A
total
10
isolates
bioassayed
ESβL
presence
out
57
obtained
from
urine
samples.
This
study
found
blaTEM
be
most
prevalent
type
10/10
(100%),
followed
by
blaOXA
blaSHV
4/10
(40%)
3/10
(30%),
respectively.
addition,
co-carriage
50%
lower
than
that
+
66.7%
Escherichia
coli
isolates.
Biofilm
positive
in
36/57
(63.2%)
tested,
being
Gram-negative
25/36
(69.4%).
15/36
(41.7
%),
Klebsiella
species
7/36
(19.4%),
Staphylococcus
aureus
(19.4%)
dominant
formers.
However,
there
no
significant
difference
all
tested
recording
p-values
above
0.05.
light
these
findings,
potential
coupled
UTI
could
likely
lead
difficult
treat
infections.
Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
37(1), P. 278 - 295
Published: June 18, 2024
This
study
was
aimed
to
adopt
an
ecofriendly
method
synthesize
nanoparticles
with
effective
antibacterial
and
anti-biofilm
activity.
A
food
origin
hypermucoviscous
Klebsiella
pneumoniae
isolated
from
samples
identified
using
biochemical
tests
the
Vitek
system.
string
test
depended
on
identify
isolates.
Enterotoxicity
of
foodborne
K.
isolates
detected
phenotypically
suckling
mouse
bioassay.
Biofilm
forming
ability
tested
for
all
bacteria
Microtiter
plate
Congo
Red
Agar.
natural
additive
Syzygium
aromaticum
(clove)
aqueous
extract
used
biosynthesis
silver
in
optimized
conditions.
The
biosynthesized
clove-silver
(Clove-AgNps)
were
characterized
by
several
techniques,
their
antimicrobial
antibiofilm
activity
determined.
results
this
revealed
that
isolation
28
200
samples.
String
showed
16/28
(57.14%)
hypermucoviscous.
Eleven
these
(68.75%)
enterotoxigenic.
Using
clove
as
a
biological
agent
successful
AgNPs
average
diameter
14.12
nm
measured
AFM.
optimum
conditions
were:
1mM
AgNO3
concentration,
pH
7,
at
37
°C,
24
hours.
minimum
inhibitory
concentration
clove-AgNPs
62.5
µg.mL-1.
Sub-inhibitory
31.25
µg.mL-1
Clove-AgNPs
resulted
in:
91%
decrease
formed
biofilm.
It
can
be
concluded
is
excellent
against
enterotoxigenic
pneumoniae.
