Advancements in Antibacterial Therapy: Feature Papers

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 557 - 557

Published: March 1, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health crisis that threatens the efficacy of antibiotics and modern medical interventions. The emergence multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, exacerbated by misuse in healthcare agriculture, underscores urgent need for innovative solutions. (1) Background: AMR arises from complex interactions between human, animal, environmental health, further aggravated overuse inadequate regulation antibiotics. Conventional treatments are increasingly ineffective, necessitating alternative strategies. Emerging approaches, including bacteriophage therapy, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), nanotechnology, microbial extracellular vesicles (EVs), CRISPR-based antimicrobials, provide novel mechanisms complement traditional combating resistant pathogens. (2) Methods: This review critically analyzes advanced antibacterial strategies conjunction with systemic reforms such as stewardship programs, One Health framework, surveillance tools. These methods can enhance detection, guide interventions, promote sustainable practices. Additionally, economic, logistical, regulatory challenges impeding their implementation evaluated. (3) Results: technologies, CRISPR exhibit promising potential targeting mechanisms. However, disparities resource distribution barriers hinder widespread adoption. Public–private partnerships agriculture practices critical to overcoming these obstacles. (4) Conclusions: A holistic integrated approach essential mitigating impact AMR. By aligning therapeutic policies, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, ensuring equitable distribution, we develop response this 21st-century challenge.

Language: Английский

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Antibiotic Resistance Gene Pollution in Poultry Farming Environments and Approaches for Mitigation: a system review

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 104858 - 104858

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Current access, availability and use of antibiotics in primary care among key low- and middle-income countries and the policy implications

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 20, 2025

Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), exacerbated by inappropriate antibiotic use, access to quality antibiotics weak antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). There is need review current evidence on access, AMR, primary care across key countries.Areas covered: This narrative analyses publications from 2018 2024 regarding availability use of appropriate antibiotics.

Language: Английский

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The Burden of Antimicrobial Resistance in Zambia, a Sub-Saharan African Country: A One Health Review of the Current Situation, Risk Factors, and Solutions

Pharmacology &amp Pharmacy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 403 - 465

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Integrating Machine Learning with MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry for Rapid and Accurate Antimicrobial Resistance Detection in Clinical Pathogens

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 1140 - 1140

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the most pressing public health challenges 21st century. This study aims to evaluate efficacy mass spectral data generated by VITEK® MS instruments for predicting antibiotic in Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae using machine learning algorithms. Additionally, potential pre-trained models was assessed through transfer analysis. A dataset comprising 2229 spectra collected, classification algorithms, including Support Vector Machines, Random Forest, Logistic Regression, CatBoost, were applied predict resistance. CatBoost demonstrated a clear advantage over other models, effectively handling complex non-linear relationships within achieving an AUROC 0.91 F1 score 0.78 E. coli. In contrast, yielded suboptimal results. These findings highlight gradient-boosting techniques enhance prediction, particularly with from less conventional platforms like MS. Furthermore, identification specific biomarkers SHAP values indicates promising clinical applications early diagnosis. Future efforts focused on standardizing refining algorithms could expand utility these approaches across diverse environments, supporting global fight against AMR.

Language: Английский

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Frontiers in superbug management: innovating approaches to combat antimicrobial resistance

Archives of Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 207(3)

Published: Feb. 14, 2025

Language: Английский

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Point Prevalence Survey of Antibiotic Use in Level 1 hospitals in Zambia: Future Prospects for Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 887 - 902

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

The inappropriate prescribing and use of antibiotics have contributed to the emergence spread antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In Zambia, there is a paucity information on patterns among hospitalized patients in level 1 hospitals. This study investigated antibiotic five hospitals Lusaka, Zambia. cross-sectional utilized World Health Organization (WHO) Point Prevalence Survey (PPS) methodology in-patients admitted before 08:00 a.m. survey day August 2024. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 23.0. prevalence inpatients was 59.0%, with ceftriaxone being most prescribed. Antibiotics prescribed mainly for paediatrics male inpatients. found that 53.0% from Access group while 38.2% Watch Access, Watch, Reserve (AWaRe) classification. Adherence national treatment guidelines 36.0%, empirically without evidence culture sensitivity tests. high low adherence findings this demonstrate need establish strengthen stewardship programs laboratory capacity aid clinicians diagnosing, treating, managing across

Language: Английский

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Outbreak of High-Risk Clone ST323 Klebsiella pneumoniae Resistant to Ceftazidime–Avibactam Due to Acquisition of blaVEB-25 and to Cefiderocol Due to Mutated fiu Gene

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 223 - 223

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Background/Objectives: The incidence of Ceftazidime/Avibactam (CZA)-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate co-producing carbapenemase 2 (KPC-2) and Vietnamese extended-spectrum β-lactamase 25 (VEB-25) has been on the rise in Greece over past five years. This study investigates isolation ST323 K. isolates co-resistant to CZA cefiderocol (FDC) from colonized infected patients a single hospital Athens. Methods: CZA-resistant strains were isolated 5 ICU 27 December 2023 22 January 2024. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested against panel agents. Whole-genome sequencing carried out identify acquired resistance genes mutations that associated with FDC resistance. Results: belonged harbored blaKPC-2 blaVEB-25. had minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) >256 mg/L for 32 FDC, due disrupted catecholate siderophore receptor Fiu. blaVEB-25 located an IncC non-conjugative plasmid ~14 kb multidrug (MDR) region comprising 15 further genes. Transformation studies showed blaVEB-25-carrying provided most β-lactams tested, including CZA. remained susceptible carbapenems, imipenem/relebactam, meropenem/vaborbactam. citrate-dependent iron (III) uptake system (fecIRABCDE), which increased MIC ≤0.08 mg/L. Conclusions: gene plasmids are important contributors spread key antibiotic Strict infection control measures must be elaborated upon prevent extensively drug-resistant organisms such as those described here.

Language: Английский

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Antiviral polymers: Broad spectrum antiviral activity, antiviral mechanisms, and optimization for the treatment of various infections

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Hypocrellin-Mediated PDT: A Systematic Review of Its Efficacy, Applications, and Outcomes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(9), P. 4038 - 4038

Published: April 24, 2025

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a light-activated treatment that generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) to induce microbial cell death. As resistance traditional antibiotics intensifies globally, PDT has emerged as promising alternative or adjunctive antimicrobial strategy. Among various photosensitizers, Hypocrellin, perylenequinone compound, shown high ROS yield and broad-spectrum activity against bacteria fungi. This systematic review evaluated the efficacy, safety, therapeutic potential of Hypocrellin-mediated photodynamic therapy. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library for studies published between 2015 2025. Eligible included vitro preclinical vivo research using Hypocrellin photosensitizer. Quality risk bias were assessed structured nine-item checklist. Ten eligible studies, all China, included. aPDT significantly reduced loads both planktonic biofilm states resistant pathogens such Candida albicans, auris, Cutibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus aureus. The acted via ROS-mediated apoptosis, membrane disruption, mitochondrial dysfunction, with minimal cytotoxicity mammalian cells. Studies also reported enhanced efficacy when incorporated into nanocarriers, polymeric scaffolds, combined chemodynamic photothermal therapies. However, substantial heterogeneity observed concentrations, irradiation parameters, outcome measures. Hypocrellin-based exhibits potent favorable safety settings, supporting its an conventional antibiotics. standardized protocols robust clinical trials are urgently needed validate long-term translational feasibility. These findings underscore broader promise addressing drug-resistant infections through mechanism unlikely resistance.

Language: Английский

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