Salmon gut microbiota correlates with disease infection status: potential for monitoring health in farmed animals

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: April 20, 2021

Infectious diseases cause significant production losses in aquaculture every year. Since the gut microbiota plays an essential role regulating host immune system, health and physiology, altered compositions are often associated with a diseased status. However, few studies have examined association between disease severity degree of dysbiosis, especially when is not site primary infection. Moreover, there lack knowledge on whether bath treatment formalin, disinfectant commonly used to treat external infections, might affect microbiome as consequence formalin ingestion. Here we investigate, through 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding, changes distal composition captive-reared cohort 80 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), bacterial skin infection due natural outbreak subsequent treatment.We identified Tenacibaculum dicentrarchi causative pathogen show that presented different from healthy individuals. A new, yet undescribed, Mycoplasma genus characterized salmon, while sick fish observed increase terms relative abundance Aliivibrio sp., strain regarded opportunistic. We also noticed positive correlation weight sp. abundance, potentially indicating beneficial effect for its host. treated was more similar those than ones.We conclude infections potential indirectly affecting microbiota. As such, optimization procedures should account that. Formalin optimal solution holistic perspective, since observe fish. suggest coupling probiotic aimed at re-establishing community. Lastly, weight, therefore encourage further investigations towards utilization biomarker monitoring other farmed species.

Language: Английский

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Combined impacts of microplastics and cadmium on the liver function, immune response, and intestinal microbiota of crucian carp (Carassius carassius)

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 261, P. 115104 - 115104

Published: June 7, 2023

Microplastics (MPs) and the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) have attracted global attention for their toxicological interactions in aquatic organisms. The purpose of this investigation was evaluating effect MPs (1 mg L-1) Cd (5 on liver function, immune response crucian carp (Carassius carassius) after 96 h exposure, intestinal microbiota 21 days, respectively. Co-exposure to significantly enhanced MP accumulation compared with exposure alone. triggered notable histopathological alterations accompanied by increased hepatic cell necrosis inflammation, associated higher aspartate aminotransferase alanine levels, lower superoxide dismutase catalase activity but malondialdehyde content total antioxidant capacity liver. Moreover, combined treatment led up-regulated transcription genes related response, such as interleukin 8 (il-8), il-10, il-1β, tumor factor-α, heat shock protein 70, both spleen. reduced variety abundance carp. Our research indicates that may exert synergistic toxic effects carp, which could impede sustainable growth aquaculture industry pose potential risks food safety.

Language: Английский

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Microbiomes in the context of developing sustainable intensified aquaculture

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: June 23, 2023

With an ever-growing human population, the need for sustainable production of nutritional food sources has never been greater. Aquaculture is a key industry engaged in active development to increase line with this while remaining terms environmental impact and promoting good welfare health farmed species. Microbiomes fundamentally underpin animal health, being part their digestive, metabolic defense systems, latter case protecting against opportunistic pathogens environment. The potential manipulate microbiome advantage enhancing intriguing prospect that gained considerable traction recent years. In review we first set out what known about role aquaculture systems across phylogenetic spectrum cultured animals, from invertebrates finfish. view reducing footprint tightening biological physical control, investment “closed” on rise, but little how microbial these closed affect organisms. Through comparisons microbiomes dynamics phylogenetically distinct animals different focus communities functionality order identify features within be harnessed optimizing healthy intensified support future aquaculture.

Language: Английский

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Exploring single cell microbial protein as a sustainable fishmeal alternative in yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi) diets: impacts on health and gut microbiome

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology/Journal of animal science and biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 2, 2025

With the global expansion of aquaculture and increasing demand for fish meal, identifying appropriate sustainable alternative protein sources aquafeeds has become essential. Single-cell (SCP), derived from methanotrophic bacteria, presents a promising by converting methane into protein, potentially addressing both need reducing industrial greenhouse gas emissions. This study aimed to evaluate effects different levels SCP inclusion (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% meal replacement) on health, gene expression, gut microbiome yellowtail kingfish (YTK, Seriola lalandi) following 35-day growth trial. The found that at highest level fishmeal replacement (75%) induced mild inflammatory response in hindgut fish. However, micromorphological assessments hindgut, serum biochemistry, expression analyses revealed no significant detrimental replacement. Notably, there were indications improved lipid digestibility with SCP. Furthermore, significantly enhanced microbial richness altered composition microbiome, introducing beneficial bacterial taxa may contribute health resilience. highlights as viable YTK diets. findings suggest can be included diets without adverse moderate even offer benefits terms diversity. These results advancement more practices.

Language: Английский

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Applying genetic technologies to combat infectious diseases in aquaculture

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 491 - 535

Published: Sept. 5, 2022

Disease and parasitism cause major welfare, environmental economic concerns for global aquaculture. In this review, we examine the status potential of technologies that exploit genetic variation in host resistance to tackle problem. We argue there is an urgent need improve understanding mechanisms involved, leading development tools can be applied boost reduce disease burden. draw on two pressing problems as case studies-sea lice infestations salmonids white spot syndrome shrimp. review how latest capitalised upon determine underlying inter- intra-species pathogen/parasite resistance, derived knowledge could using selective breeding, gene editing and/or with targeted feed treatments vaccines. Gene brings novel opportunities, but also implementation dissemination challenges, necessitates new protocols integrate technology into aquaculture breeding programmes. There ongoing minimise risks agents evolving overcome improvements insights from epidemiological evolutionary models pathogen infestation wild cultured populations are explored. Ethical issues around different approaches achieving discussed. Application has fundamental affecting provide effective pathways lead more resistant stocks, transforming

Language: Английский

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Modelling host–microbiome interactions in organ-on-a-chip platforms

Nature Reviews Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. 175 - 191

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

Language: Английский

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Insect meal in aquafeeds: A sustainable path to enhanced mucosal immunity in fish

Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 150, P. 109625 - 109625

Published: May 12, 2024

The mucosal surfaces of fish, including their intestines, gills, and skin, are constantly exposed to various environmental threats, such as water quality fluctuations, pollutants, pathogens. However, cells microbiota closely associated with these work in tandem create a functional protective barrier against conditions. Recent research has shown that incorporating specific feed ingredients into fish diets can significantly boost general immune response. Among the being investigated, insect meal emerged one most promising options, owing its high protein content immunomodulatory properties. By positively influencing structure function surfaces, potential enhance overall status fish. This review provides comprehensive overview benefits aquafeed ingredient for augmenting response

Language: Английский

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Impacts of benzo(a)pyrene exposure on scallop (Chlamys farreri) gut health and gut microbiota composition

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 799, P. 149471 - 149471

Published: Aug. 4, 2021

Language: Английский

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Fish Skin Microbiomes Are Highly Variable Among Individuals and Populations but Not Within Individuals

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

Fish skin-associated microbial communities are highly variable among populations and species can impact host fitness. Still, the sources of variation in microbiome composition, particularly how they vary within individuals, have rarely been investigated. To tackle this issue, we explored patterns fish skin microbiomes across different spatial scales. We conducted replicate sampling dorsal ventral body sites perch (Perca fluviatilis) from two characterized with 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding. Results showed a high similarity samples taken left right side same suggesting that be reliably assessed even using single sample specific site. The composition differed markedly bacterioplankton surrounding water was individuals. No ASV present all samples, most prevalent phyla, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, varied relative abundance hosts. Microbiome both individual- population specific, explained by individual host. At level, found no diversification between sites, but degree intra-individual heterogeneity identify genetic phenotypic characteristics hosts rate nature temporal dynamics microbiome, thereby contribute to host-specific documented here, remains an important task for future research.

Language: Английский

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Studies on exploring the potentials of gut microbiomes to mitigate the bacterial and viral diseases of fish and shellfish in aquaculture farming

The Microbe, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2, P. 100031 - 100031

Published: Dec. 21, 2023

Intensified research focuses on unraveling the microbiome species residing in gastrointestinal tracts of fish and shellfish. These microbial communities hold promise for controlling pervasive bacterial viral diseases that continually afflict aquaculture farming, resulting substantial economic losses. Despite continuous growth witnessed industry over last two to three decades, recurring disease outbreaks have posed significant challenges. The has grappled with setbacks, as emerging challenges pathological issues cultivated aquatic organisms outpace development adequate protocols contain spread. Antibiotics other chemical interventions aimed at mitigating are frequently proven only partially effective. usage such may not address escalating health concerns within ecosystems raises effectiveness, environmental impact, potential threats public health. Innovations like bio-floc technology bacteriophage utilization, while promising, present limited efficacy curbing pathogen invasion. Recent reports highlight beneficial role microbiomes gut organisms, fortifying immune system but also inhibiting pathogens. This intervention contributes enhanced physiological functions, fostering overall better organisms. Capitalizing these findings, probiotics been employed promote species. review comprehensively explores utilization shellfish, providing insights into their aquacultured

Language: Английский

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