Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Insights into Colon Carcinogenesis and Immune Regulation

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(21), P. 6578 - 6578

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Colorectal cancer (CRC) constitutes a significant global health challenge, with recent studies underscoring the pivotal role of gut microbiome in its pathogenesis and progression. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has emerged as compelling therapeutic approach, offering potential to modulate microbial composition optimize treatment outcomes. Research suggests that specific bacterial strains are closely linked CRC, influencing both clinical management interventions. Moreover, microbiome's impact on immunotherapy responsiveness heralds new avenues for personalized medicine. Despite promise FMT, safety concerns, particularly immunocompromised individuals, remain critical issue. Clinical outcomes vary widely, influenced by genetic predispositions methodologies employed. Additionally, rigorous donor selection screening protocols paramount minimize risks maximize efficacy. The current body literature advocates establishment standardized further trials substantiate FMT's CRC management. As our understanding deepens, FMT is poised become cornerstone treatment, imperative continued research validation.

Language: Английский

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Interaction of human gut microbiota and local immune system in progression of colorectal adenoma (MIMICA-1): a protocol for a prospective, observational cohort study

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

The current understanding of colorectal carcinogenesis is based on the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, where genetics, intestinal microbiota changes and local immunity shifts seem to play key roles. Despite emerging evidence dysbiotic state immune-cell infiltration in patients with adenocarcinoma, early advanced adenoma as precursors cancer, carcinoma situ following progression, are rather less studied. newly colon-site adapted AI-based analysis immune infiltrates able predict long-term outcomes colon carcinoma. Though it could also facilitate pathologic evaluation precancerous lesion's potential progress. Therefore, purpose this prospective cohort study (MIMICA-1) is, firstly, identify patterns around normal bowel tissue, adenoma, situ, secondly, analyze - microbiome interplay along steps conventional tumorigenesis. This aims prospectively recruit 40 (10 per group) confirmed dysplasia undergoing endoscopic polypectomy, mucosal resection for small (≤1cm), large (>1cm) or biopsy subsequent invasive 10 healthy screening colonoscopy. Stool samples will be collected prior preparation fecal (luminal) composition. Biopsy specimens taken from terminal ileum, right colon, left a pathological lesion (if present) assess mucosa-associated composition response. DNA extracted all sequenced using Illumina MiSeq platform. Unifrac Bray-Curtis methods used microbial diversity. system response examined digital image primarily immunohistochemistry procedures CD3, CD8, CD20 CD68 cell markers performed. Thereafter, count, density distribution immunocompetent cells epithelial stromal tissue compartments evaluated interaction between sequence examined. In addition, explored gut microbiota's composition, comparing fecal- tissue-derived bacterial sequence. We hypothesize that within human led detectable alterations correlate progression mucosa It expectable find more severe at site, though analyzing cancer we expect detect broader luminal near-lesion site possibly throughout entire colon. believe specific compositional differences detected premalignant lesions critically important its primary role initiation acceleration carcinogenesis. Thus, these potentially supplement immunohistochemical tests non-invasive detection adenoma. Moreover, become additional diagnostic prognostic tool development cancer. registered Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12624000976583) https://www.anzctr.org.au/.

Language: Английский

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Colon Cancer Microbiome Landscaping: Differences in Right- and Left-Sided Colon Cancer and a Tumor Microbiome-Ileal Microbiome Association

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(4), P. 3265 - 3265

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

In the current era of precision oncology, it is widely acknowledged that CRC a heterogeneous disease entity. Tumor location (right- or left-sided colon cancer rectal cancer) crucial factor in determining progression as well prognosis and influences management. last decade, numerous works have reported microbiome an important element carcinogenesis, therapy response. Owing to nature microbiomes, findings these studies were inconsistent. The majority combined (CC) (RC) samples for analysis. Furthermore, small intestine, major site immune surveillance gut, understudied compared colon. Thus, heterogeneity puzzle far from being solved, more research necessary prospective trials separately investigate CC RC. Our study aimed map landscape using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing biopsy terminal ileum, healthy tissue, tissue tumor preoperative postoperative stool 41 patients. While fecal provide good approximation average gut composition, mucosal biopsies allow detecting subtle variations local microbial communities. particular, bowel has remained poorly characterized, mainly because sampling difficulties. analysis revealed following: (i) right- cancers harbor distinct diverse (ii) leads consistent cancer-defined between locations reveals microbiome-ileal association, (iii) only partly reflects patients with CC, (iv) mechanical preparation perioperative antibiotics together surgery result changes microbiome, characterized by significant increase abundance potentially pathogenic bacteria, such Enterococcus. Collectively, our results new valuable insights into complex cancer.

Language: Английский

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Molecular genetics of early-onset colorectal cancer

World Journal of Biological Chemistry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 13 - 27

Published: March 24, 2023

Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) has been rising in global prevalence and incidence over the past several decades. Environmental influences, including generational lifestyle changes obesity, contribute to these increased rates. While rise EOCRC is best documented western countries, it seen throughout world, although may have distinct genetic mutations patients of different ethnic backgrounds. Pathological molecular characterizations show that a presentation compared with later-onset (LOCRC). Recent studies identified DNA, RNA, protein-level alterations unique EOCRC, revealing much-needed biomarkers potential novel therapeutic targets. Many performed Caucasian Asian cohorts, however, other backgrounds are limited. In addition, certain conducted for LOCRC not yet repeated high-throughput analyses histone modifications, mRNA splicing, proteomics on large cohorts. We propose complex relationship between aging should be considered when studying underpinnings EOCRC. this review, we summarize current literature, focusing sporadic tumors, their clinical implications. conclude by discussing challenges future directions research efforts.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling intratumoral microbiota: An emerging force for colorectal cancer diagnosis and therapy

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 203, P. 107185 - 107185

Published: April 12, 2024

Microbes, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and other eukaryotic organisms, are commonly present in multiple organs of the human body contribute significantly to both physiological pathological processes. Nowadays, development sequencing technology has revealed presence composition intratumoral microbiota, which includes Fusobacterium, Bifidobacteria, Bacteroides, shed light on significant involvement progression colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we summarized current understanding microbiota CRC outline potential translational clinical applications diagnosis, prevention, treatment CRC. We focused reviewing microbial therapies targeting improve efficacy safety chemotherapy immunotherapy for identify biomarkers diagnosis prognosis Finally, emphasized obstacles solutions translating knowledge into practice.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota Signatures in Tumor, Para-Cancerous, Normal Mucosa, and Feces in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: June 2, 2022

Background: Association studies have linked microbiome alterations with colorectal cancer (CRC). However, differences in tumor, para-cancerous, normal mucosal, and fecal microbiota remain to be strengthened. Methods: We performed a study on the ecologically rich taxonomically diverse of gut using three types mucosa (tumor mucosa, para-cancerous mucosa) feces from 98 CRC patients. Additionally, we profiled occult blood test (FOBT) positive negative groups at different sampling sites. Results: found striking variations between tumor mucosal microbiota. there was no significant difference microbiota, as well revealing that transitional state And substantial shifts compared indicated risk define A strong correlation FOBT Fusobacterium discovered, indicating this adherent-invasive genus closely related intestinal bleeding. Furthermore, identified six key genera, including Fusobacterium, Gemella, Campylobacter, Peptostreptococcus, Alloprevotella, Parvimonas, which appear consistently over-represented and/or feces. Conclusion: Compositional existed Six genera may contribute topographic variances tumor-bearing colorectum.

Language: Английский

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Comprehensive fecal metabolomics and gut microbiota for the evaluation of the mechanism of Panax Ginseng in the treatment of Qi-deficiency liver cancer

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 292, P. 115222 - 115222

Published: March 25, 2022

Language: Английский

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Tumor-Associated Microbiota in Proximal and Distal Colorectal Cancer and Their Relationships With Clinical Outcomes

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Sept. 28, 2021

The proximal and distal subsites of colorectal cancer (CRC) have distinct differences in their embryonic origin, epidemiology, prognosis. Therefore, they are not considered as the same disease. However, possible difference microbial characterization two CRC is still unclear. In this study, we explored tumor microbiota diversity composition patients with (N = 187) CRCs 142). This was carried out on tissues adjacent using bacterial 16S rRNA sequencing. Kaplan-Meier method used to analyze correlation between differential flora overall survival rate patients. It found that there were significant characteristics tissues. communities distinctly richer colon than Microbial structure relatively constant paracancerous normal colorectum. Generally, composed Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes. Alpha closely related specific microflora. abundance Fusobacteria associated age patient, diameter, microsatellite instability (MSI) status Moreover, enrichment poor prognosis especially cancers, but CRC. conclusion, present community structures. indicate different risk factors across anatomical CRC, which may provide a new strategy for precise prevention treatment future.

Language: Английский

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Parvimonas micra forms a distinct bacterial network with oral pathobionts in colorectal cancer patients

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Oct. 17, 2024

Mounting evidence suggests a significant role of the gut microbiota in development and progression colorectal cancer (CRC). In particular, an over-representation oral pathogens has been linked to CRC. The aim this study was further investigate faecal microbial landscape CRC patients, with focus on Parvimonas micra Fusobacterium nucleatum.

Language: Английский

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Mechanisms by which the intestinal microbiota affects gastrointestinal tumours and therapeutic effects

Molecular Biomedicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(1)

Published: Nov. 30, 2023

Abstract The intestinal microbiota is considered to be a forgotten organ in human health and disease. It maintains homeostasis through various complex mechanisms. A significant body of research has demonstrated notable differences the gut patients with gastrointestinal tumours compared healthy individuals. Furthermore, dysregulation microbiota, metabolites produced by bacteria, related signal pathways can partially explain mechanisms underlying occurrence development tumours. Therefore, this article summarizes latest progress on Firstly, we provide an overview composition function discuss which flora directly or indirectly affects regulating immune system, producing bacterial toxins, secreting metabolites. Secondly, present detailed analysis its pathogenic colorectal cancer, gastric hepatocellular carcinoma, etc. Lastly, terms treatment strategies, effects efficacy toxic side chemotherapy immunotherapy address role probiotics, prebiotics, FMT antibiotic In summary, provides comprehensive review strategies pertaining And more precise scientific basis for microbiota-based treatments prevention such

Language: Английский

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