Cureus,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Dec. 20, 2024
Viral
hepatitis
B
is
infamous
for
being
contracted
in
young
adulthood
and
adolescence,
as
high-risk
behaviors
like
unprotected
sexual
intercourse
intravenous
drug
abuse
are
common.
Most
infections
caused
by
the
virus
(HBV)
cleared
without
any
long-term
sequelae,
but
some
may
persist
cause
chronic
(CHB).
This
chronicity
produce
a
state
of
prolonged
inflammation
significantly
increase
risk
developing
colorectal
adenomas
(CRA)
carcinomas
(CRC).
The
aim
this
review
to
deep-dive
into
mechanisms
which
CHB
predispose
patient
develop
CRA
and,
more
grimly,
CRC.
It
also
focuses
on
studying
influence
cancer
liver
metastases
(CRLM).
We
conducted
comprehensive
literature
search
using
databases
PubMed
Google
Scholar,
focusing
studies
that
investigate
role
HBV
carcinogenesis
CRLM
rates
patients
suffering
from
CHB.
Chronic
inflammation,
viral
protein
interactions
with
tumor
suppressor
genes,
alteration
cellular
pathways
such
wingless-related
integration
site
(Wnt)
signaling,
extrahepatic
accumulation
surface
antigen
(HBsAg)
were
key
identified.
Quite
peculiarly,
CHB,
thought
CRA,
seemed
protect
against
probably
due
its
sclerosing
effect
parenchyma
certain
immune-mediated
suppress
growth.
Nonetheless,
high
count
or
presence
envelope
(HBeAg)
was
found
CRLM,
potentially
increased
angiogenesis
liver.
These
findings
provide
convincing
evidence
enhanced
colonoscopic
screening
stronger
management
protocols
it
have
potential
reduce
CRC
CRLM.
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13(21), P. 6578 - 6578
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
constitutes
a
significant
global
health
challenge,
with
recent
studies
underscoring
the
pivotal
role
of
gut
microbiome
in
its
pathogenesis
and
progression.
Fecal
microbiota
transplantation
(FMT)
has
emerged
as
compelling
therapeutic
approach,
offering
potential
to
modulate
microbial
composition
optimize
treatment
outcomes.
Research
suggests
that
specific
bacterial
strains
are
closely
linked
CRC,
influencing
both
clinical
management
interventions.
Moreover,
microbiome's
impact
on
immunotherapy
responsiveness
heralds
new
avenues
for
personalized
medicine.
Despite
promise
FMT,
safety
concerns,
particularly
immunocompromised
individuals,
remain
critical
issue.
Clinical
outcomes
vary
widely,
influenced
by
genetic
predispositions
methodologies
employed.
Additionally,
rigorous
donor
selection
screening
protocols
paramount
minimize
risks
maximize
efficacy.
The
current
body
literature
advocates
establishment
standardized
further
trials
substantiate
FMT's
CRC
management.
As
our
understanding
deepens,
FMT
is
poised
become
cornerstone
treatment,
imperative
continued
research
validation.
Frontiers in Oncology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Jan. 6, 2025
The
current
understanding
of
colorectal
carcinogenesis
is
based
on
the
adenoma-carcinoma
sequence,
where
genetics,
intestinal
microbiota
changes
and
local
immunity
shifts
seem
to
play
key
roles.
Despite
emerging
evidence
dysbiotic
state
immune-cell
infiltration
in
patients
with
adenocarcinoma,
early
advanced
adenoma
as
precursors
cancer,
carcinoma
situ
following
progression,
are
rather
less
studied.
newly
colon-site
adapted
AI-based
analysis
immune
infiltrates
able
predict
long-term
outcomes
colon
carcinoma.
Though
it
could
also
facilitate
pathologic
evaluation
precancerous
lesion's
potential
progress.
Therefore,
purpose
this
prospective
cohort
study
(MIMICA-1)
is,
firstly,
identify
patterns
around
normal
bowel
tissue,
adenoma,
situ,
secondly,
analyze
-
microbiome
interplay
along
steps
conventional
tumorigenesis.
This
aims
prospectively
recruit
40
(10
per
group)
confirmed
dysplasia
undergoing
endoscopic
polypectomy,
mucosal
resection
for
small
(≤1cm),
large
(>1cm)
or
biopsy
subsequent
invasive
10
healthy
screening
colonoscopy.
Stool
samples
will
be
collected
prior
preparation
fecal
(luminal)
composition.
Biopsy
specimens
taken
from
terminal
ileum,
right
colon,
left
a
pathological
lesion
(if
present)
assess
mucosa-associated
composition
response.
DNA
extracted
all
sequenced
using
Illumina
MiSeq
platform.
Unifrac
Bray-Curtis
methods
used
microbial
diversity.
system
response
examined
digital
image
primarily
immunohistochemistry
procedures
CD3,
CD8,
CD20
CD68
cell
markers
performed.
Thereafter,
count,
density
distribution
immunocompetent
cells
epithelial
stromal
tissue
compartments
evaluated
interaction
between
sequence
examined.
In
addition,
explored
gut
microbiota's
composition,
comparing
fecal-
tissue-derived
bacterial
sequence.
We
hypothesize
that
within
human
led
detectable
alterations
correlate
progression
mucosa
It
expectable
find
more
severe
at
site,
though
analyzing
cancer
we
expect
detect
broader
luminal
near-lesion
site
possibly
throughout
entire
colon.
believe
specific
compositional
differences
detected
premalignant
lesions
critically
important
its
primary
role
initiation
acceleration
carcinogenesis.
Thus,
these
potentially
supplement
immunohistochemical
tests
non-invasive
detection
adenoma.
Moreover,
become
additional
diagnostic
prognostic
tool
development
cancer.
registered
Australian
New
Zealand
Clinical
Trials
Registry
(ACTRN12624000976583)
https://www.anzctr.org.au/.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(4), P. 3265 - 3265
Published: Feb. 7, 2023
In
the
current
era
of
precision
oncology,
it
is
widely
acknowledged
that
CRC
a
heterogeneous
disease
entity.
Tumor
location
(right-
or
left-sided
colon
cancer
rectal
cancer)
crucial
factor
in
determining
progression
as
well
prognosis
and
influences
management.
last
decade,
numerous
works
have
reported
microbiome
an
important
element
carcinogenesis,
therapy
response.
Owing
to
nature
microbiomes,
findings
these
studies
were
inconsistent.
The
majority
combined
(CC)
(RC)
samples
for
analysis.
Furthermore,
small
intestine,
major
site
immune
surveillance
gut,
understudied
compared
colon.
Thus,
heterogeneity
puzzle
far
from
being
solved,
more
research
necessary
prospective
trials
separately
investigate
CC
RC.
Our
study
aimed
map
landscape
using
16S
rRNA
amplicon
sequencing
biopsy
terminal
ileum,
healthy
tissue,
tissue
tumor
preoperative
postoperative
stool
41
patients.
While
fecal
provide
good
approximation
average
gut
composition,
mucosal
biopsies
allow
detecting
subtle
variations
local
microbial
communities.
particular,
bowel
has
remained
poorly
characterized,
mainly
because
sampling
difficulties.
analysis
revealed
following:
(i)
right-
cancers
harbor
distinct
diverse
(ii)
leads
consistent
cancer-defined
between
locations
reveals
microbiome-ileal
association,
(iii)
only
partly
reflects
patients
with
CC,
(iv)
mechanical
preparation
perioperative
antibiotics
together
surgery
result
changes
microbiome,
characterized
by
significant
increase
abundance
potentially
pathogenic
bacteria,
such
Enterococcus.
Collectively,
our
results
new
valuable
insights
into
complex
cancer.
World Journal of Biological Chemistry,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(2), P. 13 - 27
Published: March 24, 2023
Early-onset
colorectal
cancer
(EOCRC)
has
been
rising
in
global
prevalence
and
incidence
over
the
past
several
decades.
Environmental
influences,
including
generational
lifestyle
changes
obesity,
contribute
to
these
increased
rates.
While
rise
EOCRC
is
best
documented
western
countries,
it
seen
throughout
world,
although
may
have
distinct
genetic
mutations
patients
of
different
ethnic
backgrounds.
Pathological
molecular
characterizations
show
that
a
presentation
compared
with
later-onset
(LOCRC).
Recent
studies
identified
DNA,
RNA,
protein-level
alterations
unique
EOCRC,
revealing
much-needed
biomarkers
potential
novel
therapeutic
targets.
Many
performed
Caucasian
Asian
cohorts,
however,
other
backgrounds
are
limited.
In
addition,
certain
conducted
for
LOCRC
not
yet
repeated
high-throughput
analyses
histone
modifications,
mRNA
splicing,
proteomics
on
large
cohorts.
We
propose
complex
relationship
between
aging
should
be
considered
when
studying
underpinnings
EOCRC.
this
review,
we
summarize
current
literature,
focusing
sporadic
tumors,
their
clinical
implications.
conclude
by
discussing
challenges
future
directions
research
efforts.
Pharmacological Research,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
203, P. 107185 - 107185
Published: April 12, 2024
Microbes,
including
bacteria,
viruses,
fungi,
and
other
eukaryotic
organisms,
are
commonly
present
in
multiple
organs
of
the
human
body
contribute
significantly
to
both
physiological
pathological
processes.
Nowadays,
development
sequencing
technology
has
revealed
presence
composition
intratumoral
microbiota,
which
includes
Fusobacterium,
Bifidobacteria,
Bacteroides,
shed
light
on
significant
involvement
progression
colorectal
cancer
(CRC).
Here,
we
summarized
current
understanding
microbiota
CRC
outline
potential
translational
clinical
applications
diagnosis,
prevention,
treatment
CRC.
We
focused
reviewing
microbial
therapies
targeting
improve
efficacy
safety
chemotherapy
immunotherapy
for
identify
biomarkers
diagnosis
prognosis
Finally,
emphasized
obstacles
solutions
translating
knowledge
into
practice.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
10
Published: June 2, 2022
Background:
Association
studies
have
linked
microbiome
alterations
with
colorectal
cancer
(CRC).
However,
differences
in
tumor,
para-cancerous,
normal
mucosal,
and
fecal
microbiota
remain
to
be
strengthened.
Methods:
We
performed
a
study
on
the
ecologically
rich
taxonomically
diverse
of
gut
using
three
types
mucosa
(tumor
mucosa,
para-cancerous
mucosa)
feces
from
98
CRC
patients.
Additionally,
we
profiled
occult
blood
test
(FOBT)
positive
negative
groups
at
different
sampling
sites.
Results:
found
striking
variations
between
tumor
mucosal
microbiota.
there
was
no
significant
difference
microbiota,
as
well
revealing
that
transitional
state
And
substantial
shifts
compared
indicated
risk
define
A
strong
correlation
FOBT
Fusobacterium
discovered,
indicating
this
adherent-invasive
genus
closely
related
intestinal
bleeding.
Furthermore,
identified
six
key
genera,
including
Fusobacterium,
Gemella,
Campylobacter,
Peptostreptococcus,
Alloprevotella,
Parvimonas,
which
appear
consistently
over-represented
and/or
feces.
Conclusion:
Compositional
existed
Six
genera
may
contribute
topographic
variances
tumor-bearing
colorectum.
Frontiers in Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12
Published: Sept. 28, 2021
The
proximal
and
distal
subsites
of
colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
have
distinct
differences
in
their
embryonic
origin,
epidemiology,
prognosis.
Therefore,
they
are
not
considered
as
the
same
disease.
However,
possible
difference
microbial
characterization
two
CRC
is
still
unclear.
In
this
study,
we
explored
tumor
microbiota
diversity
composition
patients
with
(N
=
187)
CRCs
142).
This
was
carried
out
on
tissues
adjacent
using
bacterial
16S
rRNA
sequencing.
Kaplan-Meier
method
used
to
analyze
correlation
between
differential
flora
overall
survival
rate
patients.
It
found
that
there
were
significant
characteristics
tissues.
communities
distinctly
richer
colon
than
Microbial
structure
relatively
constant
paracancerous
normal
colorectum.
Generally,
composed
Proteobacteria,
Firmicutes,
Actinobacteria,
Bacteroidetes.
Alpha
closely
related
specific
microflora.
abundance
Fusobacteria
associated
age
patient,
diameter,
microsatellite
instability
(MSI)
status
Moreover,
enrichment
poor
prognosis
especially
cancers,
but
CRC.
conclusion,
present
community
structures.
indicate
different
risk
factors
across
anatomical
CRC,
which
may
provide
a
new
strategy
for
precise
prevention
treatment
future.
Journal of Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Oct. 17, 2024
Mounting
evidence
suggests
a
significant
role
of
the
gut
microbiota
in
development
and
progression
colorectal
cancer
(CRC).
In
particular,
an
over-representation
oral
pathogens
has
been
linked
to
CRC.
The
aim
this
study
was
further
investigate
faecal
microbial
landscape
CRC
patients,
with
focus
on
Parvimonas
micra
Fusobacterium
nucleatum.
Molecular Biomedicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
4(1)
Published: Nov. 30, 2023
Abstract
The
intestinal
microbiota
is
considered
to
be
a
forgotten
organ
in
human
health
and
disease.
It
maintains
homeostasis
through
various
complex
mechanisms.
A
significant
body
of
research
has
demonstrated
notable
differences
the
gut
patients
with
gastrointestinal
tumours
compared
healthy
individuals.
Furthermore,
dysregulation
microbiota,
metabolites
produced
by
bacteria,
related
signal
pathways
can
partially
explain
mechanisms
underlying
occurrence
development
tumours.
Therefore,
this
article
summarizes
latest
progress
on
Firstly,
we
provide
an
overview
composition
function
discuss
which
flora
directly
or
indirectly
affects
regulating
immune
system,
producing
bacterial
toxins,
secreting
metabolites.
Secondly,
present
detailed
analysis
its
pathogenic
colorectal
cancer,
gastric
hepatocellular
carcinoma,
etc.
Lastly,
terms
treatment
strategies,
effects
efficacy
toxic
side
chemotherapy
immunotherapy
address
role
probiotics,
prebiotics,
FMT
antibiotic
In
summary,
provides
comprehensive
review
strategies
pertaining
And
more
precise
scientific
basis
for
microbiota-based
treatments
prevention
such