Cannabinoid Signaling in the Skin: Therapeutic Potential of the “C(ut)annabinoid” System

Molecules, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 24(5), P. 918 - 918

Published: March 6, 2019

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has lately been proven to be an important, multifaceted homeostatic regulator, which influences a wide-variety of physiological processes all over the body. Its members, endocannabinoids (eCBs; e.g., anandamide), eCB-responsive receptors (e.g., CB₁, CB₂), as well complex enzyme and transporter apparatus involved in metabolism ligands were shown expressed several tissues, including skin. Although best studied functions ECS are related central nervous immune processes, experimental efforts last two decades have unambiguously confirmed that cutaneous cannabinoid ("c[ut]annabinoid") signaling is deeply maintenance skin homeostasis, barrier formation regeneration, its dysregulation was implicated contribute highly prevalent diseases disorders, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, scleroderma, acne, hair growth pigmentation keratin diseases, various tumors, itch. current review aims give overview available skin-relevant endo- phytocannabinoid literature with special emphasis on putative translational potential, highlight promising future research directions existing challenges.

Language: Английский

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Towards Better Delivery of Cannabidiol (CBD)

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 219 - 219

Published: Aug. 28, 2020

Cannabidiol (CBD) has substantial therapeutic potential, but its development as an effective drug by the pharmaceutical industry is hindered intrinsic characteristics such low bioavailability, water solubility, and variable pharmacokinetic profiles. Importantly, lack of patentability substance also limits likelihood expensive, full programme in anything other than orphan indications. Potential avenues to overcome these issues with CBD include self-emulsifying delivery systems, improved crystal formulations solid-state formulations, which are mostly pre-clinical or early clinical stages development. This review identifies compromising current CBD, how advanced strategies can enable realise potential a successful agent.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic Potential of Cannabis, Cannabidiol, and Cannabinoid-Based Pharmaceuticals

Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 107(3-4), P. 131 - 149

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

<b><i>Background:</i></b> There is a growing interest in the use of cannabis (and its extracts), as well CBD oil (hemp extracts containing cannabidiol), for therapeutic purposes. While there reason to believe that cannabinoids may be efficacious number different diseases and syndromes, exist limited objective data supporting crude materials (CBD oil, extracts, and/or itself). <b><i>Summary:</i></b> In present review, we examined pure cannabinoid compounds (dronabinol, nabilone, CBD), partially purified medicinal (nabiximols), provide guidance on potential uses high-THC oil. general, support role cannabis/cannabinoids pain, seizure disorders, appetite stimulation, muscle spasticity, treatment nausea/vomiting. Given biological activities cannabinoids, utility central nervous system disorders (such neurodegenerative diseases, PTSD, addiction) or cancer. However, those are much less compelling. <b><i>Key Message:</i></b> On balance, reasons medical extract (Δ⁹-THC-dominant CBD-dominant), but more careful research required.

Language: Английский

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Cannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system, and pain: a review of preclinical studies

Pain, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 162(1), P. S5 - S25

Published: March 15, 2021

This narrative review represents an output from the International Association for Study of Pain's global task force on use cannabis, cannabinoids, and cannabis-based medicines pain management, informed by our companion systematic meta-analysis preclinical studies in this area. Our aims are (1) to describe value studying cannabinoids endogenous cannabinoid (endocannabinoid) system modulators preclinical/animal models pain; (2) discuss both pain-related efficacy additional pain-relevant effects (adverse beneficial) endocannabinoid as they pertain animal pathological or injury-related persistent (3) identify important directions future research. In service these goals, provides overview pharmacology modulators, with specific relevance describes pharmacokinetics rodents humans; highlights differences discrepancies between clinical Preclinical (rodent) have advanced understanding underlying sites mechanisms action suppressing nociceptive signaling behaviors. We conclude that substantial evidence supports contention hold considerable promise analgesic drug development, although challenge translating knowledge into clinically useful is not be underestimated.

Language: Английский

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The Effectiveness of Topical Cannabidiol Oil in Symptomatic Relief of Peripheral Neuropathy of the Lower Extremities

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 21(5), P. 390 - 402

Published: Dec. 3, 2019

Peripheral neuropathy can significantly impact the quality of life for those who are affected, as therapies from current treatment algorithm often fail to deliver adequate symptom relief. There has, however, been an increasing body evidence use cannabinoids in chronic, noncancer pain. The efficacy a topically delivered cannabidiol (CBD) oil management neuropathic pain was examined this four-week, randomized and placebocontrolled trial.In total, 29 patients with symptomatic peripheral were recruited enrolled. 15 CBD group product containing 250 mg CBD/3 fl. oz, 14 placebo group. After four weeks, allowed crossover into Neuropathic Pain Scale (NPS) administered biweekly assess mean change baseline end period.The study population included 62.1% males 37.9% females age 68 years. statistically significant reduction intense pain, sharp cold itchy sensations when compared No adverse events reported study.Our findings demonstrate that transdermal application achieve improvement other disturbing neuropathy. well tolerated may provide more effective alternative

Language: Английский

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Lower-Risk Cannabis Use Guidelines (LRCUG) for reducing health harms from non-medical cannabis use: A comprehensive evidence and recommendations update

International Journal of Drug Policy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 99, P. 103381 - 103381

Published: Aug. 28, 2021

Cannabis use is common, especially among young people, and associated with risks for various health harms. Some jurisdictions have recently moved to legalization/regulation pursuing public goals. Evidence-based 'Lower Risk Use Guidelines' (LRCUG) recommendations were previously developed reduce modifiable risk factors of cannabis-related adverse outcomes; related evidence has evolved substantially since. We aimed review new scientific develop comprehensively up-to-date LRCUG, including their recommendations, on this basis. Targeted searches literature (since 2016) main outcomes by the user-individual conducted. Topical areas informed previous LRCUG content expanded upon current evidence. Searches preferentially focused systematic reviews, supplemented key individual studies. The results evidence-graded, topically organized narratively summarized; through an iterative expert consensus development process. A substantial body cannabis use-related harms identified varying quality. Twelve substantive recommendation clusters three precautionary statements developed. In general, suggests that individuals can if they delay onset until after adolescence, avoid high-potency (THC) products high-frequency/-intensity use, refrain from smoking-routes administration. While people are particularly vulnerable harms, other sub-groups (e.g., pregnant women, drivers, older adults, those co-morbidities) advised exercise particular caution risks. Legal/regulated should be used where possible. result in outcomes, mostly higher-risk use. Reducing help offer one targeted intervention component within a comprehensive approach They require effective audience-tailoring dissemination, regular updating as become available, evaluated impact.

Language: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review on the Techniques for Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Medicinal Cannabis

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(3), P. 604 - 604

Published: Jan. 18, 2022

is well-known for its numerous therapeutic activities, as demonstrated in pre-clinical and clinical studies primarily due to bioactive compounds. The

Language: Английский

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Cannabidiol prevents LPS‐induced microglial inflammation by inhibiting ROS/NF‐κB‐dependent signaling and glucose consumption

Glia, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 68(3), P. 561 - 573

Published: Oct. 24, 2019

Abstract We used mouse microglial cells in culture activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 ng/ml) to study the anti‐inflammatory potential of cannabidiol (CBD), major nonpsychoactive component cannabis. Under LPS stimulation, CBD (1–10 μM) potently inhibited release prototypical proinflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α and IL‐1β) that glutamate, a noncytokine mediator inflammation. The effects were predominantly receptor‐independent only marginally blunted blockade CB2 receptors. established mechanism involving, sequentially, NADPH oxidase‐mediated ROS production NF‐κB‐dependent signaling events. In line with these observations, active concentrations demonstrated an intrinsic free‐radical scavenging capacity cell‐free DPPH assay. Of interest, also prevented rise glucose uptake observed challenged LPS, as did inhibitor oxidase apocynin IκB kinase‐2, TPCA‐1. This indicated prevent contributed its activity. Supporting this view, glycolytic 2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose (2‐DG) mimicked antioxidant/immunosuppressive CBD. Interestingly, 2‐DG, well TPCA‐1 caused reduction glucose‐derived NADPH, cofactor required for activation generation. These different observations suggest exerts towards microglia through antioxidant effect, which is amplified inhibition glucose‐dependent synthesis. results further confirm may have therapeutic utility conditions where neuroinflammatory processes are prominent.

Language: Английский

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Cannabis sativa: Much more beyond Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol

Pharmacological Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 157, P. 104822 - 104822

Published: April 23, 2020

Language: Английский

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Cannabinoid Formulations and Delivery Systems: Current and Future Options to Treat Pain

Drugs, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 81(13), P. 1513 - 1557

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

The field of Cannabis sativa L. research for medical purposes has been rapidly advancing in recent decades and a growing body evidence suggests that phytocannabinoids are beneficial range conditions. At the same time impressing development observed formulations delivery systems expanding potential use cannabinoids as an effective therapy. objective this review is to present most results from pharmaceutical companies groups investigating methods improve cannabinoid bioavailability clearly establish its therapeutic efficacy, dose ranges, safety also patient compliance. Particular focus application pain treatment, describing principal employed, promising each administration routes updating clinical evaluations. To offer reader wider view, discusses formulation starting galenic preparation up nanotechnology approaches, showing advantages, limits, requirements needed. Furthermore, data meta-analysis used different management summarized, evaluating their real effectiveness, order spare opioids patients' quality life. Promising treatments other important pathologies reviewed likely future directions formulations.

Language: Английский

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