Plant Flavonoids: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity

Molecules, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26(17), P. 5377 - 5377

Published: Sept. 4, 2021

In recent years, more attention has been paid to natural sources of antioxidants. Flavonoids are substances synthesized in several parts plants that exhibit a high antioxidant capacity. They large family, presenting classes based on their basic structure. have the ability control accumulation reactive oxygen species (ROS) via scavenger ROS when they formed. Therefore, these compounds an important role plant stress tolerance and relevance human health, mainly due anti-inflammatory antimicrobial properties. addition, flavonoids applications food industry as preservatives, pigments, antioxidants, well other industries such cosmetics pharmaceuticals. However, application for industrial purposes implies extraction processes with purity quality. Several methodologies developed aimed at increasing flavonoid yield being environmentally friendly. This review presents most abundant flavonoids, structure chemical characteristics, methods, biological activity.

Language: Английский

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Dietary Anti-Aging Polyphenols and Potential Mechanisms

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. 283 - 283

Published: Feb. 13, 2021

For years, the consumption of a diet rich in fruits and vegetables has been considered healthy, increasing longevity, decreasing morbidities. With assistance basic research investigating potential mechanisms, it become clear that beneficial effects plant-based foods are mainly due to large amount bioactive phenolic compounds contained. Indeed, substantial dietary intervention studies humans have supported supplementation polyphenols various health-promoting effects, especially elderly population. In vitro examinations on anti-aging mechanisms widely performed, using different types natural synthetic compounds. The aim this review is critically evaluate experimental evidence demonstrating aging-related diseases. We highlight polyphenols, including antioxidant signaling, preventing cellular senescence, targeting microRNA, influencing NO bioavailability, promoting mitochondrial function. While trends utilizing disorders getting growing attention, we suggest exploration combination multiple or polyphenol-rich foods, as would be more physiologically relevant daily life.

Language: Английский

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Effects of several flavonoids on human gut microbiota and its metabolism by in vitro simulated fermentation

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Feb. 2, 2023

Flavonoids have antiviral, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and other biological activities. They high market value are widely used in food medicine fields. also can regulate gut microbiota promote human health. However, only a few flavonoids been reported for their regulatory effects on microbiota. The of hesperidin, hesperetin-7-O-glucoside, hesperetin, naringin, prunin, naringenin, rutin, isoquercitrin, quercetin structural metabolic differences healthy subjects were studied by means vitro simulated fermentation technology. Results showed that the nine kinds mentioned above, especially found to more effect structure microbiota, they could significantly enhance Bifidobacterium (p < 0.05). After 24 h fermentation, relative abundance intestinal probiotics (e.g., Lactobacillus) was increased three rutin. Furthermore, potential pathogenic bacteria decreased addition isoquercitrin Lachnoclostridium Bilophila). Notably, prunin markedly decrease content H2S, NH3, short-chain fatty acids. This performance fully demonstrated its broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. study demonstrates imbalance some observed due different structures. work provides theoretical basis wide application medicine.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial Potential of Polyphenols: Mechanisms of Action and Microbial Responses—A Narrative Review

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 200 - 200

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

Polyphenols (PPs) are recognized as bioactive compounds and antimicrobial agents, playing a critical role in enhancing food safety, preservation, extending shelf life. The effectiveness of PPs has different molecular biological reasons, predominantly linked to their hydroxyl groups electron delocalization, which interact with microbial cell membranes, proteins, organelles. These interactions may reduce the efficiency metabolic pathways, cause destructive damage membrane, or they harm proteins nucleic acids foodborne bacteria. Moreover, exhibit distinctive ability form complexes metal ions, further amplifying activity. This narrative review explores complex multifaceted between pathogens, underlying correlation chemical structures mechanisms action. Such insights shed light on potential innovative natural preservatives within systems, presenting an eco-friendly sustainable alternative synthetic additives.

Language: Английский

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Insight into Polyphenol and Gut Microbiota Crosstalk: Are Their Metabolites the Key to Understand Protective Effects against Metabolic Disorders?

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(10), P. 982 - 982

Published: Oct. 13, 2020

Lifestyle factors, especially diet and nutrition, are currently regarded as essential avenues to decrease modern-day cardiometabolic disorders (CMD), including obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis. Many groups around the world attribute these trends, at least partially, bioactive plant polyphenols given their anti-oxidant anti-inflammatory actions. In fact, can prevent or reverse progression of disease processes through many distinct mechanisms. particular, crosstalk between gut microbiota, recently unveiled thanks DNA-based tools next generation sequencing, unravelled central regulatory role dietary intestinal micro-ecology metabolites on host energy metabolism related illnesses. The objectives this review to: (1) provide an understanding classification, structure, bioavailability polyphenols; (2) underline by microbiota; (3) highlight prebiotic effects microflora; (4) discuss multifaceted roles in CMD while shedding light mechanisms action; (5) underscore ability initiate epigenetic regulation. sum, clearly documents whether favorably interact promote multiple physiological functions human organism.

Language: Английский

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Plant Polyphenols as Heart’s Best Friends: From Health Properties, to Cellular Effects, to Molecular Mechanisms of Action

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(3), P. 915 - 915

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Polyphenols are micronutrients found in fruits, vegetables, tea, coffee, cocoa, medicinal herbs, fish, crustaceans, and algae. They can also be synthesized using recombinant microorganisms. Interest plant-derived natural compounds has grown due to their potential therapeutic effects with minimal side effects. This is particularly important as the aging population faces increasing rates of chronic diseases such cancer, diabetes, arthritis, cardiovascular, neurological disorders. Studies have highlighted polyphenols’ capacity reduce risk factors linked onset illnesses. narrative review discusses polyphenol families metabolism, cardioprotective polyphenols evidenced from vitro studies, well vivo on different animal models cardiac disease. study explores molecular mechanisms underlying these benefits. Current research suggests that may protect against ischemia, hypertension, hypertrophy, heart failure, myocardial injury through complex mechanisms, including epigenetic genomic modulation. However, further studies under nutritionally physiologically relevant conditions, untargeted multigenomic approaches, needed more comprehensively elucidate firmly prove polyphenols.

Language: Английский

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Phenolic composition of grape pomace and its metabolism

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 64(15), P. 4865 - 4881

Published: Nov. 17, 2022

Grape pomace is the most important residual after wine making, and it considered to be a very abundant source for extraction of wide range polyphenols. These polyphenols exhibit variety bioactivities, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer. They are also beneficial in alleviating metabolic syndrome regulating intestinal flora, etc. health effects likely contributed by polyphenol metabolite, which formed grape phenolics complex process vivo. Therefore, understanding phenolic composition its metabolism basis an in-depth study biological activity In this paper, we first summarize pomace, then review recent studies on phenolics, including changes gastrointestinal tract, their pharmacokinetics systemic circulation, tissue distribution metabolites, metabolites health, finally human status dietary fiber It expected provide help research extracts, theoretical support development utilization pomace.

Language: Английский

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Molecular strategies to enhance the keratinase gene expression and its potential implications in poultry feed industry

Poultry Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 103(5), P. 103606 - 103606

Published: March 5, 2024

The tons of keratin waste are produced by the poultry and meat industry which is an insoluble protein-rich material found in hair, feathers, wool, some epidermal wastes. These products could be degraded recycled to recover protein, can save our environment. One potential strategy achieve this target use microbial biotreatment more convenient, cost-effective, environment-friendly formulating hydrolysate complexes that administered as protein supplements, bioactive peptides, or animal feed ingredients. Keratin degradation shows great promise for long-term amino acid recycling. According MEROPS database, known keratinolytic enzymes currently belong at least 14 different protease families, including S1, S8, S9, S10, S16, M3, M4, M14, M16, M28, M32, M36, M38, M55. In addition exogenous attack (proteases from families M55), various also function via endo-attack M36). Biotechnological methods have shown enhancing keratinase expression strains microbes engineering techniques genetically modified such bacteria fungi enhance production activity. Some produce specific effectively degrade substrates. Keratinases been successfully used leather, textile, pharmaceutical industries. However, efficiency existing need optimized before they widely other processes, cost-effective pretreatment chicken waste. improved using biotechnological applications serve best novel approach recycling degrading biomass. This paper provides practical insights about molecular strategies utilize wastes like feathers ingredients soybean pulp. Furthermore, it describes future implications engineered keratinases environment friendly utilization crop byproducts their better industry.

Language: Английский

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From gut to liver: unveiling the differences of intestinal microbiota in NAFL and NASH patients

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 4, 2024

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognized for its global prevalence and potential progression to more severe diseases such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, yet detailed characteristics ecological alterations microbial communities during from (NAFL) NASH remain poorly understood. Methods: In this study, we conducted comparative analysis composition individuals with NAFL elucidate differences characteristics. We utilized 16S rRNA sequencing compare intestinal among healthy control group (65 cases), (64 (53 cases). Random forest machine learning database validation methods were employed analyze data. Results: Our findings indicate significant decrease diversity flora NAFLD ( p &lt; 0.05). At phylum level, high abundances Bacteroidetes Fusobacteria observed both patients, whereas Firmicutes less abundant. genus Prevotella expression was seen (AUC 0.738), an increase combination Megamonas Fusobacterium noted 0.769). Furthermore, KEGG pathway highlighted disturbances various types glucose metabolism pathways compared group, well notably compromised flavonoid flavonol biosynthesis functions. study uncovers distinct microecological changes within transition NASH, providing insights that could facilitate discovery novel biomarkers therapeutic targets NAFLD.

Language: Английский

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Anti-obesogenic effects of plant natural products: A focus on Korean traditional foods

Trends in Food Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 148, P. 104470 - 104470

Published: March 29, 2024

Language: Английский

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