Beneficial Outcomes of Omega-6 and Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Human Health: An Update for 2021

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(7), P. 2421 - 2421

Published: July 15, 2021

Oxidative stress and inflammation have been recognized as important contributors to the risk of chronic non-communicable diseases. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may regulate antioxidant signaling pathway modulate inflammatory processes. They also influence hepatic lipid metabolism physiological responses other organs, including heart. Longitudinal prospective cohort studies demonstrate that there is an association between moderate intake omega-6 PUFA linoleic acid lower cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), most likely a result blood cholesterol concentration. Current evidence suggests increasing arachidonic (up 1500 mg/day) has no adverse effect on platelet aggregation clotting, immune function markers inflammation, but benefit muscle cognitive performance. Many show higher intakes omega-3 PUFAs, especially eicosapentaenoic (EPA) docosahexaenoic (DHA), are associated with incidence characterized by elevated CVDs. This because multiple molecular cellular actions EPA DHA. Intervention trials using + DHA indicate CVD mortality significant inverse linear dose-response relationship found outcomes. In addition their anti-inflammatory roles, considered homeostasis thrombosis, which together potential use in COVID-19 therapy.

Language: Английский

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Producing Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: A Review of Sustainable Sources and Future Trends for the EPA and DHA Market

Resources, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(12), P. 148 - 148

Published: Dec. 16, 2020

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omega-3 PUFA) are recognized as being essential compounds for human nutrition and health. The body generates only low levels of PUFA. Conventional sources PUFA from marine origin. However, the global growth population combined with a better consumer understanding about healthy leads to fact that traditional exhausted therefore not enough satisfy demand diet well aquaculture. Microalgae cultivated under heterotrophic conditions is increasingly suitable technology production high cost using glucose main carbon source cultivation challenge establish economical feasible processes. latest relevant studies provide alternative pathways production. As preliminary results show, volatile (VFA) recovered waste stream could be good use in microalgae cultivation. purpose this paper highlight actual situation production, market request summary on sustainable investigated present future trends market.

Language: Английский

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Unsaturated fatty acids in natural edible resources, a systematic review of classification, resources, biosynthesis, biological activities and application

Food Bioscience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 53, P. 102790 - 102790

Published: May 29, 2023

Language: Английский

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Pros and Cons of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Health

The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 63(1), P. 383 - 406

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

The long-chain omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA), are found in seafood, supplements, concentrated pharmaceutical preparations. Prospective cohort studies demonstrate an association between higher intakes of EPA+DHA or levels EPA DHA the body lower risk developing cardiovascular disease (CVD), especially coronary heart myocardial infarction, mortality general population. cardioprotective effect is due to beneficial modulation a number factors for CVD. Some large trials support use (or alone) high-risk patients, although evidence inconsistent. This review presents key primary secondary prevention CVD, briefly describes potential mechanisms action, discusses recently published RCTs meta-analyses. Potential adverse aspects acids relation CVD discussed.

Language: Английский

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Insights into Pathogenesis, Nutritional and Drug Approach in Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 136 - 136

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Sarcopenia is a multifactorial condition related to the loss of muscle mass and strength due aging, eating habits, physical inactivity, or even caused by another disease. Affected individuals have higher risk falls may be associated with heart disease, respiratory diseases, cognitive impairment, consequently an increased hospitalization, in addition causing economic impact high cost care during stay hospitals. The standardization appropriate treatment for patients sarcopenia that could help reduce pathology-related morbidity necessary. For these reasons, this study aimed perform systematic review role nutrition drugs ameliorate health quality life sarcopenic PRISMA guidelines were followed. Lifestyle interventions shown profound on but using supplements different can also skeletal maintenance. Creatine, leucine, branched-chain amino acids, omega 3, vitamin D show benefits. Although controversial results, medications such as Metformin, GLP-1, losartan, statin, growth hormone, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors been considered alter sarcopenic's metabolic parameters, protect against cardiovascular diseases outcomes, while protecting muscles.

Language: Английский

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Promising Sources of Plant-Derived Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: A Narrative Review

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 1683 - 1683

Published: Jan. 17, 2023

(1) Background: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are known for their ability to protect against numerous metabolic disorders. The consumption of oily fish is the main source PUFAs in human nutrition and commonly used supplement production. However, seafood an overexploited that cannot be guaranteed cover global demands. Furthermore, it not consumed by everyone ecological, economic, ethical, geographical taste reasons. growing demand natural dietary sources suggests current nutritional insufficient meet needs, less will be. Therefore, crucial find sustainable acceptable all, meeting world population’s needs. (2) Scope: This review aims evaluate recent evidence about alternative plant essential acids, focusing on long-chain omega-3 (n-3) PUFAs. (3) Method: A structured search was performed PubMed engine select available data from interventional studies using non-animal origin. (4) Results: Several promising have emerged literature, such as algae, microorganisms, plants rich stearidonic acid GM plants. costs, acceptance adequate formulation deserve further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Longevity and anti-aging effects of curcumin supplementation

GeroScience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(3), P. 2933 - 2950

Published: Feb. 27, 2024

Language: Английский

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The beneficial effects of curcumin on aging and age-related diseases: from oxidative stress to antioxidant mechanisms, brain health and apoptosis

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Aging and age-related disease are among the most common challenging issues worldwide. During aging process, accumulation of oxidative stress, DNA damage, telomere dysfunction, other related changes lead to cellular dysfunction development diseases such as neurodegenerative cardiovascular conditions. Curcumin is a widely-used dietary supplement against various cancer, diabetes, aging. This agent mediates its effects through several mechanisms, including reduction reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress-induced well modulation subcellular signaling pathways AMPK, AKT/mTOR, NF-κB. These involved in senescence inflammation, their can improve cell function help prevent disease. In induce apoptosis variety different tumor lines. also activates redox reactions within cells inducing ROS production that leads upregulation receptors on membrane. upregulate expression activity p53 inhibits proliferation increases apoptosis. Furthermore, curcumin has potent inhibitory effect nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) , which overexpression antiapoptosis genes Bcl-2 . It attenuate regulation phosphoinositide 3-kinases ( PI3K ) increase mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) endogenous ROS. Therefore, herein, we aim summarize how affect epigenetic processes (such stress) order change aging-related mechanisms. discuss roles diseases, Alzheimer, Parkinson, osteoporosis, diseases.

Language: Английский

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Narrative Review of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation upon Immune Functions, Resolution Molecules and Lipid Peroxidation

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 662 - 662

Published: Feb. 18, 2021

Fish oil supplementation is commonplace in human nutrition and being used both enteral parenteral formulations during the treatment of patients with a large variety diseases immune status. The biological effects fish are believed to result from their content n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) eicosapentaenoic (EPA). These known have numerous upon functions described as immunomodulatory. However, immunomodulatory nondescript term that encompasses immunostimulation immunosuppression. primary goal this review better describe PUFA they relate immunostimulatory vs. immunosuppressive effects. One mechanism proposed for relates production specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). A second evaluate SPMs. Although stated possess anti-oxidative properties, these molecules highly oxidizable due multiple double bonds may increase oxidative stress. Thus, third lipid oxidation. We conclude, based current scientific evidence, suppress inflammatory responses most cellular such chemotaxis, transmigration, antigen presentation, lymphocyte should be considered immunosuppressive. induced resolution inconsistent many failing respond supplementation. associated increased peroxidation studies. Vitamin E co-administration unreliable prevention peroxidation. when administering immunosuppressed or under high stress illness other treatments.

Language: Английский

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Health Benefits, Food Applications, and Sustainability of Microalgae-Derived N-3 PUFA

Foods, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(13), P. 1883 - 1883

Published: June 25, 2022

Today's consumers are increasingly aware of the beneficial effects n-3 PUFA in preventing, delaying, and intervening various diseases, such as coronary artery disease, hypertension, diabetes, inflammatory autoimmune disorders, neurodegenerative depression, many other ailments. The role on aging cognitive function is also one hot topics basic research, product development, clinical applications. For decades, PUFA, especially EPA DHA, have been supplied by fish oil seafood. With continuous increase global population, awareness about health benefits socioeconomic improvement worldwide, supply chain facing increasing challenges insufficient production. In this regard, microalgae well considered promising sources to mitigate shortages. use produce PUFA-rich oils has explored for over two decades some species already used commercially particular EPA- and/or DHA-rich oils. addition biomass contains high value biomolecules, which can be food, dietary supplement, pharmaceutical ingredient, feedstock. present review covers EPA, with attention given approaches attempted nutritional interventions using DHA alone or combined nutrients bioactive compounds towards improved conditions people mild impairment Alzheimer's disease. It applications food supplement sectors economic environmental sustainability a platform

Language: Английский

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