Intestinal microbiota regulates the gut-thyroid axis: the new dawn of improving Hashimoto thyroiditis

Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Abstract Intestinal microbiota plays an indispensable role in the host's innate immune system, which may be related to occurrence of many autoimmune diseases. Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is one most common diseases, and there plenty evidence indicating that HT genetics environmental triggers, but specific mechanism has not been proven clearly. Significantly, composition abundance intestinal patients with have obvious difference. This phenomenon led us think about whether can affect progress through some mechanisms. By summarizing potential microflora regulating thyroiditis, this article explores possibility improving by summarizes relevant biomarkers as therapeutic targets, provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis treatment thyroiditis.

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk between gut microbiota and host immune system and its response to traumatic injury

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 31, 2024

Millions of microorganisms make up the complex microbial ecosystem found in human gut. The immune system's interaction with gut microbiota is essential for preventing inflammation and maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Numerous metabolic products that can cross-talk between cells epithelium are metabolized by microbiota. Traumatic injury elicits a great multifaceted response minutes after initial offense, containing simultaneous pro- anti-inflammatory responses. development innovative therapies improve patient outcomes depends on immunological responses to trauma. altered makeup microbes, or dysbiosis, also dysregulate responses, resulting inflammation. Major diseases may become more common as result chronic dysbiosis translocation bacteria their metabolism beyond mucosal barrier. In this review, we briefly summarize interactions system disease therapeutic probiotic formulations. We discuss traumatic injury.

Language: Английский

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Gut microbiota-derived metabolites and chronic inflammatory diseases

Exploration of Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 19, 2025

The gut microbiota, a complex ecosystem of microorganisms, plays an essential role in maintaining immune and metabolic homeostasis. Disruption this microbial balance, known as dysbiosis, has been increasingly implicated the pathogenesis chronic inflammatory conditions, including cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, autoimmune diseases, well disorders such diabetes obesity. A crucial mechanism through which microbiota exerts its effects on host physiology is via production bioactive metabolites. These metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, bile tryptophan derivatives, are key modulating responses regulating functions. Dysbiosis disrupts function these thereby contributing to dysregulation, inflammation, disease progression. This review examines microbiota-derived metabolites with focus their immunomodulatory effects. deeper understanding mechanisms may open way for novel therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring homeostasis mitigating global burden diseases.

Language: Английский

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Current Status of Probiotics as Supplements in the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: March 14, 2022

Probiotics play an important role against infectious pathogens via their effects on the epithelium, production of antimicrobial compounds, and competitive exclusion. Administration probiotic supplements may reduce risk diseases use antibiotics, hence contributing to a reduction or delay development multi-resistant bacteria. Infection is constant concern for people who experience recurrent infections, antibiotic treatment usually fails due resistance. Therefore, infection can lead severe illness hospitalization if left untreated. A growing number studies have demonstrated promising results variety strains used prevent treat acute diseases, but additional standardized clinical research needed.

Language: Английский

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Contribution of Lactobacilli on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier and Diseases: Perspectives and Challenges of Lactobacillus casei

Life, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 1910 - 1910

Published: Nov. 16, 2022

The intestine barrier, the front line of normal body defense, relies on its structural integrity, microbial composition and barrier immunity. intestinal mucosal surface is continuously exposed to a complex dynamic community microorganisms. Although it occupies relatively small proportion microbiota, Lactobacilli has been discovered have significant impact tract in previous studies. It undeniable that some Lactobacillus strains present probiotic properties through maintaining micro-ecological balance via different mechanisms, such as function immunity, prevent infection even solve neurology issues by microbiota–gut–brain/liver/lung axis communication. Notably, not only living cells but also derivatives (postbiotics: soluble secreted products para-probiotics: cell components) may exert antipathogenic effects beneficial functions for gut barrier. However, substantial research specific effects, safety action mechanisms vivo should be done. In clinical application humans animals, there are still doubts about precise evaluation Lactobacilli’s safety, therapeutic effect, dosage other aspects. Therefore, we provide an overview central impacts casei (L. casei) their diseases highlight urgent need further

Language: Английский

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