Intermittent fasting improves hepatic end points in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hepatology Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(8)

Published: Aug. 1, 2023

Background and Aims: Despite NAFLD being the most prevalent liver disease globally, currently there are no FDA-approved treatments, weight loss through caloric restriction enhanced physical activity is recommended treatment strategy. Intermittent fasting (IF) has been proposed as an alternative strategy with additional cardiometabolic benefits. In this systematic review meta-analysis, we evaluated anthropometric, biochemical, hepatic impacts of IF in patients NAFLD. Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central, conference abstracts were searched for interventions adults until April 2, 2023. Meta-analysis a random effects model was used to compare pre-intervention post-intervention changes end points intervention group control group. Publication bias assessed using Egger’s test. Results: Fourteen studies included ten meta-analysis (n = 840 participants, 44.64% male). Studies varied modalities diagnosis, duration (4–52 weeks), type (5:2 diet, modern alternate-day fasting, time-restricted eating, or religious fasting). Body weight, body mass index, waist hip ratio all significantly improved following ( p < 0.05). Adults showed improvement serum alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, steatosis (controlled attenuation parameter measured by vibration-controlled transient elastography), stiffness (measured elastography) after Conclusions: There limited, but moderate- high-quality evidence suggest that can improve promote Larger randomized controlled extended needed further validate our findings.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Cardiometabolic Health in the Chinese Population: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(3), P. 357 - 357

Published: Jan. 25, 2024

The efficacy of intermittent fasting (IF), as an emerging weight management strategy, in improving cardiometabolic health has been evaluated various populations, but that among Chinese individuals not systematically studied. A comprehensive search on multiple databases was performed to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up October 2022. primary outcome post-intervention loss, and secondary outcomes included changes indicators. Effect estimates were meta-analyzed using a random-effects model. In total, nine RCTs with 899 participants included. Time-restricted eating the most adopted IF protocol this study (six out nine), followed by alternate-day fasting. intervention significantly reduced body weight, mass index, fat mass, homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides when compared control groups. However, no statistically significant reductions waist circumference, total high-density glucose, systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure found. To sum up, can be strategy may improve adults, more long-term different strategies are required generate robust evidence its efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Beneficial effects of intermittent fasting: a narrative review

Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 40(1), P. 4 - 11

Published: April 4, 2022

Caloric restriction is a popular approach to treat obesity and its associated chronic illnesses but difficult maintain for long time. Intermittent fasting an alternative easily applicable dietary intervention caloric restriction. Moreover, intermittent has beneficial effects equivalent those of in terms body weight control, improvements glucose homeostasis lipid profiles, anti-inflammatory effects. In this review, the are discussed.

Language: Английский

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Intermittent fasting—the future treatment in NASH patients?

Hepatology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 78(4), P. 1290 - 1305

Published: April 14, 2023

NASH is one of the leading causes chronic liver disease with potential evolving towards end-stage and HCC, even in absence cirrhosis. Apart from becoming an increasingly prevalent indication for transplantation cirrhotic HCC patients, its burden on healthcare system also exerted by increased number noncirrhotic patients. Intermittent fasting has recently gained more interest scientific community as a possible treatment approach different components metabolic syndrome. Basic science clinical studies have shown that apart inducing body weight loss, improving cardiometabolic parameters, namely blood pressure, cholesterol, triglyceride levels; insulin glucose metabolism; intermittent can reduce inflammatory markers, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative autophagy, endothelial dysfunction, well modulate gut microbiota. This review aims to further explore main pathogenetic drivers which act upon improve prognosis disease, summarize current evidence.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(13), P. 1760 - 1760

Published: June 30, 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive neuroinflammatory disease with complex pathophysiological background. A variety of diverse factors have been attributed to the propagation inflammation and neurodegeneration in MS, mainly genetic, immunological, environmental such as vitamin D deficiency, infections, or hormonal disbalance. Recently, importance gut-brain axis for development many neurological conditions, including stroke, movement disorders, has postulated. The purpose our paper was summarize current evidence confirming role gut microbiome pathophysiology MS related neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMO-SD). For this aim, we conducted systematic review literature listed following databases: Medline, Pubmed, Scopus, were able identify several studies demonstrating involvement NMO-SD. It seems that most relevant bacteria are those belonging Pseudomonas, Mycoplasma, Haemophilus, Blautia, Dorea, Faecalibacterium, Methanobrevibacter, Akkermansia, Desulfovibrionaceae genera, while Clostridium perfringens Streptoccocus demonstrated play Following line evidence, there also some preliminary data supporting use probiotics other agents affecting could potentially beneficial effect on MS/NMO-SD symptoms prognosis. topic therefore since it be used biomarker progression well potential disease-modifying therapy.

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic targeting of white adipose tissue metabolic dysfunction in obesity: mechanisms and opportunities

MedComm, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 5(6)

Published: May 24, 2024

Abstract White adipose tissue is not only a highly heterogeneous organ containing various cells, such as adipocytes, stem and progenitor immune but also an endocrine that important for regulating metabolic homeostasis. In individuals with obesity, dynamic cellular changes in result phenotypic switching dysfunction, including pathological expansion, WAT fibrosis, cell infiltration, endoplasmic reticulum stress, ectopic lipid accumulation, ultimately leading to chronic low‐grade inflammation insulin resistance. Recently, many distinct subpopulations of have been identified, providing new insights into the potential mechanisms dysfunction obesity. Therefore, targeting white therapeutic agent treating obesity obesity‐related diseases great scientific interest. Here, we provide overview remodeling discuss underlying regulatory dysfunction. Currently, studies uncovered promising targets strategies treatment. We outline signaling pathways summarize existing antiobesity treatment pharmacological approaches, lifestyle interventions, novel therapies.

Language: Английский

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The effects of intermittent fasting diet on quality of life, clinical symptoms, inflammation, and oxidative stress in overweight and obese postmenopausal women with rheumatoid arthritis: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial

Trials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 5, 2024

Abstract Background Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is known as a chronic systemic autoimmune disorder that primarily targets synovial joints, and may cause pain functional limitations. Studies show diet can have beneficial effects on symptoms oxidative stress of this disease. Intermittent fasting (IF) dietary approach with cycles intake. The current study aims to investigate the effect IF quality life, clinical symptoms, inflammation, in overweight obese postmenopausal women RA. Methods randomized trial, which 44 patients mild moderate severity RA will be randomly allocated receive either ( n = 22) or usual for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measures biochemical indicators including serum concentrations erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), c-reactive protein (CRP), total oxidant antioxidant capacity (TOC TAC) assessed at baseline end study. Also, disease by Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS-28) activity index (CDAI), disability Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI) questionnaire. Discussion has inflammatory markers results an improvement health different populations. Literature review shows it seems there no field evaluate patients, they are limited other types fasting. However, studies many positive diseases. Therefore, these patients. Trial registration IRCT20230217057441N1. Registered 14 February 2023. https://en.irct.ir/user/trial/68669 .

Language: Английский

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Does diet influence aging? Evidence from animal studies

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 295(4), P. 400 - 415

Published: June 15, 2022

Abstract Nutrition profoundly influences the risk for many age‐related diseases. Whether nutrition human aging biology directly is less clear. Studies in different animal species indicate that reducing food intake (“caloric restriction” [CR]) can increase lifespan and delay onset of diseases biological hallmarks aging. Obesity has been described as “accelerated aging” therefore health benefits generated by CR both obesity may occur via similar mechanisms. Beyond calorie intake, studies based on nutritional geometry have shown protein interaction between dietary carbohydrates influence lifespan. where animals are calorically restricted providing free access to diluted diets had impact than those given a reduced aliquot each day fasting meals. This drawn attention role aging, exploration effects various regimes. Although definitive clinical trials would need be unfeasibly long unrealistically controlled, there good evidence from experiments some interventions CR, manipulating macronutrients,

Language: Английский

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Fasting intervention and its clinical effects on the human host and microbiome

Journal of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 293(2), P. 166 - 183

Published: Oct. 22, 2022

Abstract Experimental trials in organisms ranging from yeast to humans have shown that various forms of reducing food intake (caloric restriction) appear increase both overall and healthy lifespan, delaying the onset disease slowing progression biomarkers aging. The gut microbiota is considered one key environmental factors strongly contributing regulation host health. Perturbations composition activity microbiome are thought be involved emergence multiple diseases. Indeed, many studies investigating been performed strong associations between specific microorganisms metabolic diseases including overweight, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus as well gastrointestinal disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, even cancer. Dietary interventions known reduce inflammation improve health potentiated by prior fasting. Inversely, birth weight differential oxidative phosphorylation response fasting implies epigenetic control some its effector pathways. There substantial evidence for efficacy improving insulin signaling blood glucose control, inflammation, conditions which, additionally, has identified a site risk protective factors. Accordingly, human microbiota, symbiont pathobiont roles, proposed impact mediate benefits could potentially affect these While results small‐N diverge, consistently enriches widely recognized anti‐inflammatory commensals such Faecalibacterium other short‐chain fatty acid producers, which likely mediates effects through immune system barrier function impact.

Language: Английский

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Genetic causal role of body mass index in multiple neurological diseases

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: March 27, 2024

Abstract Body mass index (BMI) is a crucial health indicator for obesity. With the progression of socio-economic status and alterations in lifestyle, an increasing number global populations are at risk Given complexity severity neurological diseases, early identification factors vital diagnosis prognosis such diseases. In this study, we employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis utilizing most comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) data to date. We selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that unaffected by confounding reverse causality as instrumental variables. These variables were used evaluate genetic causal relationships between Mass Index various including Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Alzheimer's (AD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), Multiple (MS), Ischemic Stroke (IS), Epilepsy (EP). The Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) indicated there was no significant relationship indicators PD ( P -value = 0.511), AD 0.076), ALS 0.641), EP 0.380). However, found BMI MS 0.035), IS 0.000), with positively correlated both Cochran’s Q test MR-IVW showed heterogeneity MR results diseases > 0.05). Egger intercept pleiotropy revealed horizontal detected any studied It PD, AD, ALS, EP, MS, IS. Meanwhile, increase can lead higher IS, which reveals critical role obesity factor specific pathogenesis

Language: Английский

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