Do these jeans make me feel fat? Exploring subjective fatness, its workplace outcomes, and rethinking the role of subjectivity in the stigmatization process DOI
Michael A. Johnson,

Marshall Schminke,

David De Cremer

et al.

Personnel Psychology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 77(2), P. 789 - 818

Published: Jan. 5, 2023

Abstract Personal, work, and societal concerns about obesity body fatness have triggered research on it across multiple domains. However, the organizational literature has been hampered by a significant shortcoming in considering solely as an objective construct, despite other disciplines demonstrating critical subjective component to how is experienced. To address this conceptual theoretical challenge, we draw stigma theory explore workplace implications of fatness, or big one feels their own mind. We utilize extend integrating with medical research. In doing so, shed new light nature self‐devaluation process that occurs stigmatized individuals. argue mechanism which influences work performance. test these hypotheses three studies constructively replicate results design types (multi‐rater, time‐lagged, & bivariate latent‐change model) diverse geographic samples. Results consistently show exerts stronger impact performance than influence mediated self‐devaluation. all, our indicates not but most affects

Language: Английский

Differential mechanisms affecting weight loss and weight loss maintenance DOI
Michael Rosenbaum, Gary D. Foster

Nature Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(8), P. 1266 - 1274

Published: Aug. 23, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

27
Leptin/obR signaling exacerbates obesity-related neutrophilic airway inflammation through inflammatory M1 macrophages DOI Creative Commons
Yang Wang, Rongjun Wan, Chengping Hu

et al.

Molecular Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: July 24, 2023

Abstract Background Obesity-related asthma is a kind of nonallergic with excessive neutrophil infiltration in the airways. However, underlying mechanisms have been poorly elucidated. Among adipokines related to obesity, leptin inflammatory response. little understood about how acts on receptor (obR) neutrophilic airway inflammation obesity-associated asthma. We explored effects leptin/obR signaling an obesity-related mouse model. Methods established model using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization and OVA challenge (LPS + OVA/OVA) lean, obese, or db/db (obR deficiency) female mice. Histopathological, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell, lung cytokine analyses were used analyze severity. Western blotting, flow cytometry, reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) evaluate mechanisms. In vitro bone marrow‐derived macrophage (BMDM) marrow-derived experiments performed. Results found that serum level was higher obese than lean Compared LPS/OVA OVA-treated mice, mice had peribronchial levels, counts, Th1/Th17-related M1 polarization long isoform obR activation, which could be decreased by blockade (Allo-Aca) deficiency, suggesting critical role pathogenesis experiments, synergized LPS/IFN-γ promote phosphorylation JNK/STAT3/AKT pathway members increase polarization, reversed Allo-Aca. Moreover, leptin/obR-mediated activity significantly elevated CXCL2 production recruitment regulating pathways. clinical studies, patients levels induced sputum non-obese Serum positively correlated Conclusions Our results demonstrate plays important females promoting polarization. Graphical abstract

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Supporting Sustainable Health Behavior Change: The Whole is Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts DOI

Jessica A. Matthews,

Simon Matthews,

Mark D. Faries

et al.

Mayo Clinic Proceedings Innovations Quality & Outcomes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(3), P. 263 - 275

Published: May 18, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

6
The Impact of Weight Cycling on Health and Obesity DOI Creative Commons
Huan Wang,

Wenbi He,

Gaoyuan Yang

et al.

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 344 - 344

Published: June 19, 2024

Obesity is a systemic and chronic inflammation, which seriously endangers people’s health. People tend to diet control weight, the short-term effect of dieting in losing weight significant, but prognosis limited. With loss recovery occurring frequently, people focus on cycling. The cycling certain tissue body also has different conclusions. Therefore, this article systematically reviews effects finds that multiple (1) increased fat deposition central areas, lean mass decreased period, harms composition skeletal muscle mass; (2) enhanced inflammatory response adipose tissue, macrophages infiltrated into production pro-inflammatory mediators adipocytes; (3) blood glucose concentration mutation hyperinsulinemia caused increase or decrease pancreatic β-cell population, makes fatigue leads failure; (4) resulted additional burden cardiovascular system because rick escalation. Physical activity combined with calorie restriction can effectively reduce metabolic disease alleviating adverse body.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Specific loss of GIPR signaling in GABAergic neurons enhances GLP-1R agonist-induced body weight loss DOI Creative Commons
Jordan Wean, Allison H. Kowalsky, Rhianna C. Laker

et al.

Molecular Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 102074 - 102074

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Application of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) to Elucidate the Connections among Smell, Obesity with Related Metabolic Alterations, and Eating Habit in Patients with Weight Excess DOI Creative Commons
Fernanda Velluzzi, Andrea Deledda, Mauro Lombardo

et al.

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 206 - 206

Published: Jan. 30, 2023

Obesity is a severe health problem linked to an increased risk of comorbidity and mortality its etiopathogenesis includes genetic, epigenetic, microbiota composition, environmental factors, such as dietary habits. The olfactory system plays important role in controlling food intake meal size, influencing body weight energy balance. This study aims identify the connection between function clinical nutritional aspects related excess group 68 patients with overweight or obesity. All participants underwent evaluation function, anthropometric data (weight, height, BMI, waist circumference), (hypertension, disglycemia, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome), adherence Mediterranean diet (Mediterranean Diet Score). A fourth-generation artificial neural network mining approach was used uncover trends subtle associations variables. Olfactory tests showed that 65% presented hyposmia. negative correlation found scores systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglycerides levels, but positive score. methodology networks semantic connectivity map "Auto-Contractive Map" highlighted underlying scheme connections variables considered. In particular, hyposmia obesity alterations male sex. female sex connected normosmia, higher diet, normal values lipids, glucose levels. These results highlight inverse skills BMI show normosmic condition, probably because greater seems protect not only from excessive increase also associated pathological conditions hypertension syndrome.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Dopamine in the Regulation of Glucose Homeostasis, Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes, and Chronic Conditions of Impaired Dopamine Activity/Metabolism: Implication for Pathophysiological and Therapeutic Purposes DOI Creative Commons
Giuseppe Lisco, Anna De Tullio,

Michele Iovino

et al.

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 2993 - 2993

Published: Nov. 7, 2023

Dopamine regulates several functions, such as voluntary movements, spatial memory, motivation, sleep, arousal, feeding, immune function, maternal behaviors, and lactation. Less clear is the role of dopamine in pathophysiology type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) chronic complications conditions frequently associated with it. This review summarizes recent evidence on regulating insular metabolism activity, traditional T2D, pathophysiological interconnection between T2D neurological psychiatric disorders characterized by impaired activity/metabolism, therapeutic implications. Reinforcing signaling especially patients dopamine-related disorders, Parkinson’s Huntington’s diseases, addictions, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. On other hand, although specific trials are probably needed, certain medications approved for (e.g., metformin, pioglitazone, incretin-based therapy, gliflozins) may have a due to anti-inflammatory anti-oxidative effects, improvement insulin signaling, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, apoptosis, restoration striatal synthesis, modulation reward hedonic eating. Last, targeting could potential diagnostic purposes diabetes-related complications, diabetic retinopathy.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Alternative models to support weight loss in chronic musculoskeletal conditions: effectiveness of a physiotherapist-delivered intensive diet programme for knee osteoarthritis, the POWER randomised controlled trial DOI
Kim Allison, Sarah E. Jones, Rana S. Hinman

et al.

British Journal of Sports Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 58(10), P. 538 - 547

Published: April 18, 2024

Objectives To determine if physiotherapists can deliver a clinically effective very low energy diet (VLED) supplementary to exercise in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and overweight or obesity. Methods 88 participants OA body mass index (BMI) >27 kg/m 2 were randomised either intervention (n=42: VLED including two daily meal replacement products control) control (n=46: exercise). Both interventions delivered by unblinded via six videoconference sessions over 6 months. The primary outcome was the percentage change weight at months, measured blinded assessor. Secondary outcomes included BMI, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, self-reported measures of pain, function, satisfaction perceived global change, physical performance tests. Results group lost mean (SD) 8.1% (5.2) compared 1.0% (3.2) (mean (95% CI) between-group difference 7.2% CI 5.1 9.3), p<0.001), significantly lower BMI circumference follow-up. 76% achieved ≥5% loss 37% acheived ≥10%, 12% 0%, respectively, group. More (27/38 (71.1%)) reported improvement than (20/42 (47.6%)) (p=0.02). There no differences any other secondary outcomes. No serious adverse events reported. Conclusion A relevant safe for who obese. results have potential implications future service models care Trial registration number NIH, US National Library Medicine, Clinicaltrials.gov NCT04733053 (1 February 2021).

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Plant-based diet for obesity treatment DOI Creative Commons
Siti Rohaiza Ahmad

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Sept. 8, 2022

Obesity rates continue to rise, resulting in a global epidemic that shows no sign of slowing down. Our understanding this complex disease is also constantly evolving, requiring healthcare providers stay up date with best practices. The application plant-based diets (PBDs) may hold the key successful weight-control strategy. PBD refers any dietary pattern emphasizes consumption plant foods while excluding most or all animal products. purpose mini-review report on PBDs as potential treatment for obesity. have been shown be beneficial other non-communicable diseases, such prevention and type 2 diabetes. Many reported RCTs were short duration. Longer-term studies, well studies focusing strict adherence regime, are needed. approach improving health, particularly obese patients. Benefits include weight loss, improved cardiovascular lower blood pressure, glucose metabolism.

Language: Английский

Citations

19
Pharmacotherapy for obesity: recent evolution and implications for cardiovascular risk reduction DOI
Kevin C. Maki, Carol F. Kirkpatrick, David B. Allison

et al.

Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(4), P. 307 - 319

Published: April 28, 2023

Obesity is highly prevalent in the U.S. and associated with an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Modalities for management obesity include lifestyle intervention, pharmacotherapy, bariatric surgery.This review describes evidence on effects weight loss therapies MACE risk. Lifestyle interventions older antiobesity pharmacotherapies have been <12% body reduction no clear benefit to reduce Bariatric surgery substantial (20-30%) markedly lower subsequent MACE. Newer pharmacotherapies, particularly semaglutide tirzepatide, shown greater efficacy compared medications are being evaluated outcomes trials.Current practice patients intervention loss, combined treatment obesity-related cardiometabolic factors individually. The use treat relatively rare. In part, this reflects concerns about long-term safety effectiveness, possible provider bias, as well lack reduction. If ongoing trials demonstrate newer agents reducing risk, will likely lead expanded management.

Language: Английский

Citations

11