Adipokines: masterminds of metabolic inflammation

Nature reviews. Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 7, 2024

Language: Английский

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Metabolism-Related Adipokines and Metabolic Diseases: Their Role in Osteoarthritis

Journal of Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 1207 - 1233

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Osteoarthritis (OA) affects several joints but tends to be more prevalent in those that are weight-bearing, such as the knees, which most heavily loaded body. The incidence and disability rates of OA have continued increase seriously jeopardise quality life middle-aged older adults. However, is than just a wear tear disease; its aetiology complex, pathogenesis poorly understood. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has emerged critical driver development. This condition contributes formation distinct phenotype, termed metabolic syndrome-associated osteoarthritis (MetS-OA),which differs from other metabolically related diseases by unique pathophysiological mechanisms clinical presentation. As key mediators MetS, adipokines leptin, lipocalin, resistin regulate inflammation bone metabolism through or synergistic signaling pathways. Their modulation inflammatory responses remodeling processes plays role progression OA. Due their central regulating remodeling, not only deepen our understanding MetS-OA also represent promising targets for novel therapeutic strategies could slow disease improve outcomes affected patients.

Language: Английский

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SLAMF7 is a key molecule that promotes M1 polarization in lung tissue macrophages of high-fat diet-fed asthma mice model

International Immunopharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 149, P. 114203 - 114203

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Language: Английский

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Clinically Effective Molecules of Natural Origin for Obesity Prevention or Treatment

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

The prevalence and incidence of obesity the comorbidities linked to it are increasing in world population. Current therapies for associated pathologies have proven cause a broad number adverse effects often, they overpriced or not affordable all patients. Among alternatives currently available, natural bioactive compounds stand out. These frequently contained pharmaceutical presentations, nutraceutical products, supplements, functional foods. clinical evidence these molecules is increasingly solid, among which epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ellagic acid, resveratrol, berberine, anthocyanins, probiotics, carotenoids, curcumin, silymarin, hydroxy citric α-lipoic acid molecular mechanisms signaling pathways been shown interact with endocrine, nervous, gastroenteric systems, as well regulate expression multiple genes and, therefore, proteins involved starvation-satiety processes, activation brown adipose tissue, increased lipolysis, decreased lipogenesis, inflammation, beneficial changes metabolism improved insulin sensitivity. This review provides comprehensive view nature-based therapeutic options address obesity. It offers valuable perspective future research subsequent practice, addressing everything from molecular, genetic, physiological bases study compound.

Language: Английский

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Dectin-1 aggravates neutrophil inflammation through caspase-11/4-mediated macrophage pyroptosis in asthma

Respiratory Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 8, 2024

Abstract Background The pattern recognition receptor Dectin-1 was initially discovered to play a pivotal role in mediating pulmonary antifungal immunity and promoting neutrophil-driven inflammation. Recent studies have revealed that is overexpressed asthma, but the specific mechanism remains elusive. Additionally, has been implicated pyroptosis, hallmark of severe asthma airway Nevertheless, involvement non-classical pyroptosis signal caspase-11/4 its upstream regulatory mechanisms not completely explored. Methods House dust mite (HDM)-induced mice treated with agonist Curdlan, inhibitor Laminarin, caspase-11 wedelolactone separately. Subsequently, inflammatory cells bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were analyzed. Western blotting performed measure protein expression gasdermin D (GSDMD). Cell chemokine detected vitro. correlation between expression, factors neutrophils induced sputum patients Results Curdlan appeared exacerbate neutrophil inflammation asthmatic mice, whereas effectively alleviated aggravated by Curdlan. Moreover, enhanced release activation fragments N-terminal (GSDMD-N) stimulated HDM both vivo or In mouse alveolar macrophages (MH-S cells), Curdlan/HDM stimulation resulted vacuolar degeneration elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. addition, there an upregulation chemokines CXCL1, CXCL3, CXCL5 their CXCR2, which suppressed wedelolactone. patients, positive observed on caspase-4 (the human homology caspase-11), proportion sputum. Conclusion mediated macrophage subsequently secretion chemokines, leading exacerbation Graphical

Language: Английский

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Clinically Effective Molecules of Natural Origin for Obesity Prevention or Treatment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2671 - 2671

Published: Feb. 25, 2024

The prevalence and incidence of obesity the comorbidities linked to it are increasing worldwide. Current therapies for associated pathologies have proven cause a broad number adverse effects, often, they overpriced or not affordable all patients. Among alternatives currently available, natural bioactive compounds stand out. These frequently contained in pharmaceutical presentations, nutraceutical products, supplements, functional foods. clinical evidence these molecules is increasingly solid, among which epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ellagic acid, resveratrol, berberine, anthocyanins, probiotics, carotenoids, curcumin, silymarin, hydroxy citric α-lipoic acid molecular mechanisms signaling pathways been shown interact with endocrine, nervous, gastroenteric systems. They can regulate expression multiple genes proteins involved starvation–satiety processes, activate brown adipose tissue, decrease lipogenesis inflammation, increase lipolysis, improve insulin sensitivity. This review provides comprehensive view nature-based therapeutic options address obesity. It offers valuable perspective future research subsequent practice, addressing everything from molecular, genetic, physiological bases study compounds.

Language: Английский

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AMPK Regulates M1 Macrophage Polarization through the JAK2/STAT3 Signaling Pathway to Attenuate Airway Inflammation in Obesity-Related Asthma

Inflammation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: June 17, 2024

Language: Английский

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Relationship Between Plasma Leptin Levels and Airflow Limitation in the Small and Medium Airways in Young Adults

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 1624 - 1624

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Background/Objectives: To determine the relationship between plasma leptin levels and airflow limitation (AFL) in small medium airways of young adults according to their body composition (BC). Methods: AFL, following measurements were taken: forced expiratory volume first second (FEV1), flow 25–75% (FEF25–75%), airway resistance (Raw), specific (sRaw). The measured BC variables mass index (BMI), fat percentage (%BF), trunk (TF%), fat-free (FFM). Plasma was using ELISA technique. Results: In total, 83 participants (40 male 43 female) aged 21.55 ± 2.08 years evaluated. Leptin significantly higher women than men (p < 0.01). When relating lung function variables, FEV1 FEF25–75% showed a significant inverse 0.01), Raw sRaw direct Female with BF% p75 observed have risk increased (OR = 1.0; OR 1.15, respectively), regardless age, an FFM% had lower 0.71), gender age. Conclusions: There is FEV1, FEF25–75%, leptin. For female BF%, FFM%, leptin, developing found be modified.

Language: Английский

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Obesity-driven airway eosinophilia and neutrophilia in asthma

Journal of Asthma, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 15

Published: May 15, 2025

Asthma patients with comorbid obesity tend to have more severe, difficult-to-control asthma than lean patients. This increase in severity may be due, part, obesity-related adipokines, such as leptin, which contribute airway hyperresponsiveness, sustained subclinical chronic inflammation, and treatment resistance. narrative literature review aims elucidate the differences eosinophilia neutrophilia profiles between without obesity. A PubMed search of full journal articles published 1992 2024 was performed April using terms "asthma", "tissue eosinophilia" "obesity" combined Boolean operator "AND". Articles detailing tissue or mice were included. Only English To date, several studies reported increased obese mouse models (four studies) (three studies). Airway is driven by altered elevated levels pro-inflammatory cytokines, eosinophil-stimulating chemokines eotaxin. Leptin eotaxin are enhanced eosinophil recruitment, migration, adhesion smooth muscles fibroblasts, reduced apoptosis. an important feature obesity-associated asthma. mainly homeostatic changes. These eosinophils a severe disease.

Language: Английский

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TGF-β, IL-1β, IL-6 levels and TGF-β/Smad pathway reactivity regulate the link between allergic diseases, cancer risk, and metabolic dysregulations

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: April 2, 2024

The risk of cancer is higher in patients with asthma compared to those allergic rhinitis for many types cancer, except certain cancers where a contrasting pattern observed. This study offers potential explanation these observations, proposing that the premalignant levels circulating transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), IL-1β, and IL-6 as well reactivity TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway at specific site, are crucial factors contributing observed disparities. Circulating TGF-β, IL- β also help clarify why positively associated obesity, Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, insulin resistance, whereas negatively linked conditions. Furthermore, explains dual impact increasing while offering protection against other cancer. It suggested association metabolic dysregulations primarily subtype neutrophilic asthma. A binary classification TGF-β activity either high (in presence IL-1β IL-6) or low absence proposed differentiate between allergy prone less prone. Glycolysis oxidative phosphorylation, two major pathways utilized by cells energy exploitation, potentially underlie this dichotomous reprogramming immune cells.

Language: Английский

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