Allergenicity, Genotoxicity and Subchronic Toxicity Assessment of IgG Binding Protein LT Produced From Aspergillus oryzae

Journal of Applied Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 27, 2025

ABSTRACT Gastrointestinal health is one of the fastest growing areas in food and beverage industry, as its importance to overall well‐being becoming increasingly recognized. Immunoglobulins play a key role protecting gastrointestinal tract, nonbovine sources immunoglobulins (including camel milk, which has long history consumption East Africa Asia) are increasing popularity Western countries functional foods, particularly for individuals with allergies or intolerances cow's milk. The physiological benefits consuming certain heavy‐chain from milk relate binding domains camelid single‐domain antibodies; thus, novel protein termed “immunoglobulin G (IgG) LT” (a dimer two antibody sequences) been developed use products, provide some attributed on an industrial scale. To support safety IgG LT such use, comprehensive assessment (in silico allergenicity assessment, vitro genotoxicity studies [bacterial reverse mutation test mammalian cell micronucleus test], 90‐day gavage toxicity study rats) was conducted. results demonstrate that highly unlikely pose risk allergenic cross‐reactivity, there no evidence vitro. There were article–related effects study. These data intended uses foods beverages.

Language: Английский

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Biological effects of combinations of structurally diverse human milk oligosaccharides

Frontiers in Pediatrics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Nov. 5, 2024

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are a diverse group of structures and an abundant bioactive component breastmilk that contribute to infant health development. Preclinical studies indicate roles for HMOs in shaping the gut microbiota, inhibiting pathogens, modulating immune system, influencing cognitive In past decade, several industrially produced have become available fortify formula. Clinical intervention trials with manufactured begun corroborate some physiological effects reported preclinical studies, especially modulation microbiota direction breastfed infants. As more commercially as shared mechanisms action, there is need better understand unique differential individual benefits combining multiple HMOs. This review focuses on different HMO structural classes presents scientific rationale why structurally expected exert greater biological effects.

Language: Английский

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Tailored Combinations of Human Milk Oligosaccharides Modulate the Immune Response in an In Vitro Model of Intestinal Inflammation

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 1481 - 1481

Published: Nov. 21, 2024

Infants rely on their developing immune system and the protective components of breast milk to defend against bacterial viral pathogens, as well disorders such food allergies, prior introduction solid foods. When breastfeeding is not feasible, fortified infant formula will most frequently be offered, usually based a cow's milk-based substitute. The current study aimed explore immunomodulatory effects combinations commercially available human oligosaccharides (HMOs). An in vitro co-culture model Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells THP-1 macrophages was established replicate hallmarks inflammation evaluate direct different synthetic HMO combinations. Notably, blend prevalent fucosylated sialylated HMOs, 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) 6'-siallylactose (6'-SL), respectively, resulted decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. These were dependent concentration ratio resembling those breastmilk. Interestingly, adding additional structures did enhance anti-inflammatory effects. This research highlights importance carefully selecting nutritional products, particularly for formulations, effectively mimic benefits associated with

Language: Английский

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Natural anti-adhesive components against pathogenic bacterial adhesion and infection in gastrointestinal tract: case studies of Helicobacter pylori , Salmonella enterica , Clostridium difficile , and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 46

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a global public health concern. Recognizing the critical role of bacterial adhesion in pathogenesis infection, anti-adhesive therapy emerges as promising approach to impede initial attachment, thus preventing pathogenic colonization and infection. Natural agents derived from food sources are generally safe have potential inhibit emergence resistant bacteria. This comprehensive review explored diverse natural dietary components exhibiting activities against several model enteric pathogens, including

Language: Английский

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Safety of 2′‐fucosyllactose (2’‐FL) produced by a derivative strain (Escherichia coli SGR5) of E. coli W (ATCC 9637) as a Novel Food pursuant to Regulation (EU) 2015/2283

EFSA Journal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Following a request from the European Commission, EFSA Panel on Nutrition, Novel Foods and Food Allergens (NDA) was asked to deliver an opinion 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) as novel food (NF) pursuant Regulation (EU) 2015/2283. The NF is mainly composed of human-identical milk oligosaccharide (HiMO) 2'-FL, but it also contains d-lactose, l-fucose, fucosylgalactose, difucosyllactose, d-glucose d-galactose, small fraction other related saccharides. produced by fermentation genetically modified strain (

Language: Английский

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Human Milk Oligosaccharides, Growth, and Body Composition in Very Preterm Infants

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(8), P. 1200 - 1200

Published: April 18, 2024

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive factors that benefit neonatal health, but little is known about effects on growth in very preterm infants (<32 weeks’ gestation). We aimed to quantify HMO concentrations human fed during the hospitalization and investigate associations of HMOs with infant size body composition at term-equivalent age. In 82 human-milk-fed infants, we measured two time points. anthropometrics air displacement plethysmography calculated means individual total HMOs, constructed tertiles mean concentrations, assessed differences outcomes comparing highest intermediate lowest tertile using linear mixed models, adjusted for potential confounders. The (SD) gestational age was 28.2 (2.2) weeks, birthweight 1063 (386) grams. Exposure (vs. lowest) not associated anthropometric or z-scores term-corrected 3FL a greater head circumference z-score (0.61, 95% CI 0.15, 1.07). Overall, results do support higher intakes influence this cohort.

Language: Английский

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Preterm nutrition and brain development

BMJ Nutrition Prevention & Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e000749 - e000749

Published: May 19, 2024

Premature birth puts infants at risk for long-term outcomes, particularly neurodevelopmental impairment. The preterm brain is in a period of extreme vulnerability and fundamental development during hospitalisation the neonatal intensive care unit. Complications prematurity cause both direct injury to (e.g., white matter lesions, intraventricular haemorrhage) altered qualitative quantitative grey (dysmaturation). Nutrition plays an important role neurodevelopment infant aim this paper summarise latest evidence on relationship between nutrition outcomes. For preterm, as well full-term infant, human milk (HM) appears be associated with better magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which then corresponds neurological outcomes childhood (higher IQ academic scores). In particular, HM components such long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMOs) appear play key mediating influence. As nutritional content insufficient meet needs most infants, use multicomponent fortifiers derived from cow's has entered common practice Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Although there are promising results concerning beneficial effects auxological growth, data still uncertain. absence HM, formulas enriched nutrients LCPUFA, HMOs, sphingomyelin can make formula more similar breast been improved myelination. Higher intakes calories lipids fewer severe lesions maturation matter. Prebiotics postbiotics have extensively studied recent years their gut systemic level. particular through gut-brain axis it seems that they regulate inflammatory response oxidative stress, mechanisms responsible damage infants. Nevertheless, lacking point. Eventually, current knowledge micronutrient supplementation (e.g,. iron, lutein, iodine), scarce. Further studies needed understand action different thus

Language: Английский

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Do Oligosaccharide-Supplemented Infant Formulas Improve Infant Gastrointestinal Health? A Systematic Review of Randomized Clinical Trials

Food Reviews International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 47

Published: Aug. 21, 2024

Supplementing infant formulas (IFs) with oligosaccharides has gathered much attention over the years because of their purported disease-protecting and health-promoting properties. Despite various clinical trials evaluating health efficacy such formulas, many lacked rigor, producing conflicting results. This systematic review focuses on human intervention that have examined effects oligosaccharide-supplemented IFs gastrointestinal in formula-fed infants There is strong evidence showing supplementing fructooligosaccharides (FOS) or galactooligosaccharides (GOS) at 7–8 g/L, other naturally-occurring synthetic human-milk (HMOs) up to 5.8 as per industry standards, well-tolerated by infants, effective increasing stool frequency softening stools, promoting growth Bifidobacterium spp. moderate for reducing risk enteric infections. However, related effectiveness oligosaccharide supplementation enhancing short-chain fatty acid production, improving gut barrier function, modulating immune severity incidence allergic diseases remains weak inconclusive requires further investigation. Supplementation had no demonstrable effect rate infants. Thus, well-designed, randomized, placebo-controlled studies are needed unequivocally demonstrate benefits IFs.

Language: Английский

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Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Combination with Galacto- and Long-Chain Fructo-Oligosaccharides Enhance Vaccination Efficacy in a Murine Influenza Vaccination Model

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(17), P. 2858 - 2858

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Early-life nutrition significantly impacts vaccination efficacy in infants, whose immune response to vaccines is weaker compared adults. This study investigated female C57Bl/6JOlaHsd mice (6 weeks old) fed diets with 0.7% galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS)/long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (lcFOS) (9:1), 0.3% human milk oligosaccharides (HMOS), or a combination (GFH) for 14 days prior and during vaccination. Delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) was measured by assessing ear swelling following an intradermal challenge. Influvac-specific IgG1 IgG2a levels were assessed using ELISAs, while splenic T B lymphocytes analyzed frequency activation via flow cytometry. Additionally, cytokine production evaluated murine splenocytes co-cultured influenza-loaded dendritic cells. Mice on the GFH diet showed enhanced DTH (p < 0.05), increased serological levels, significant rise memory (CD27+ B220+ CD19+). GFH-fed also exhibited more activated Th1 cells (CD69+ CXCR3+ CD4+) higher IFN-γ after ex vivo restimulation 0.05). These findings suggest that GOS/lcFOS HMOS, particularly combination, enhance vaccine responses improving cells, IgG production, cell activation, supporting potential use of these prebiotics infant formula better early-life development.

Language: Английский

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Mothers' awareness of oligosaccharides in breast milk

Pediatrie pro praxi, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 40 - 44

Published: Feb. 19, 2024

Často se přehlíží nepostradatelná úloha oligosacharidů obsažených v mateřském mléce pro správný vývoj novorozence. Mateřské mléko obsahuje více než 200 dosud identifikovaných struktur s rozmanitými vlastnostmi. Prospěšné funkce jsou reprezentovány jejich prebiotickým efektem, antiadhezivním a antimikrobiálním účinkem či vlivem na nervové soustavy imunity dítěte. Cílem práce bylo sumarizovat zmapovat poznatky budoucích matek pomocí dotazníkového šetření o prospěšnosti kojení, mateřského mléka, především jeho oligosacharidů. Tento dotazník obsahoval celkem 15 otázek rovněž informační pasáže, které edukovaly respondentky rámci této problematiky. Dotazník vyplnilo 861 respondentek při následném zpracování získaných informací zjištěno jakými informacemi maminky disponují před nástupem laktace jejím průběhu.

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