Macronutrient balance determines the human gut microbiome eubiosis: insights from in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and fermentation of eight pulse species

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

The interactions between macronutrients, the human gut microbiome, and their metabolites (short-chain fatty acids) were comprehensively investigated via an in vitro digestion fermentation model subjected to eight pulse species. 16S rRNA sequencing taxonomic analysis of digesta fermented for up 24 h revealed increase relative abundance health-detrimental genera represented by Escherichia-Shigella kidney bean, soybean, cowpea, chickpea, black bean samples. In contrast, health-positive genera, including Bacteroides , Eubacterium Akkermansia was elevated red mung Heunguseul. At same time, proportion pathogenic decreased. Concurrently, these three species exhibited microbial diversity as evidenced calculation α -diversity (Shannon index) β (Bray-Curtis distance). Despite lower nutrient contents pulses, carbohydrates, amino acids, network that possess complex positive or negative correlations with a variety bacteria, well metabolites. These more pronounced Heunguseul than other pulses. It postulated overall potential nourish environments due balance nutritional components. linear regression demonstrated there association carbohydrate acid Shannon indices. Furthermore, ratio carbohydrates acids displayed increase. showed weak correlation. is noteworthy diet comprising foods balanced profile supports growth beneficial microbes, thereby promoting eubiosis. Consistent work on different ingredients essential precise insight into interplay food microbiome dietary patterns.

Language: Английский

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A New Perspective on Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis: the Early and Critical Role of Platelets in Neuro/Axonal Loss

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(1)

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disorder, with limited treatment options. This disease characterized by differential pathophysiology between grey matter (GM) and white (WM). The predominant WM hallmark the perivascular plaque, associated blood brain barrier (BBB) loss of function, lymphocytic infiltration, microglial reactivity, demyelination axonal injury adequately addressed immunomodulatory drugs. By contrast, mechanisms underlying GM damage remain obscure, consequences for neuroprotective strategies. Cortical pathology already significant in early MS reduced BBB disruption infiltration relative to WM, but highly inflammatory environment, neuro/axonal loss. There no satisfactory explanation occurrence neurodegeneration without large-scale cell influx cortical GM. A candidate mechanism suggests that it results from soluble factors originating meningeal aggregates, which diffuse into tissue trigger activation. However, recent literature highlights role platelets inflammation, together relationship coagulation factors, particularly fibrinogen, MS. Using experimental encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, we identified as drivers neuroinflammation platelet-neuron associations pre-symptomatic stage. We propose fibrinogen leakage across signal platelet represent major participant neurodegeneration. concept compatible new appreciation immune cells neuronal driven sequestered meninges. Graphical

Language: Английский

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Dietary Patterns, Gut Microbiota and Sports Performance in Athletes: A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1634 - 1634

Published: May 26, 2024

The intestinal tract of humans harbors a dynamic and complex bacterial community known as the gut microbiota, which plays crucial role in regulating functions such metabolism immunity human body. Numerous studies conducted recent decades have also highlighted significant potential microbiota promoting health. It is widely recognized that training nutrition strategies are pivotal factors allow athletes to achieve optimal performance. Consequently, there has been an increasing focus on whether dietary patterns influence sports performance through their impact microbiota. In this review, we aim present concept primary explore relationship between exercise specifically examine popular associated with athletes' while considering interaction Finally, discuss mechanisms by affect from nutritional perspective, aiming elucidate intricate interplay among patterns, We found precise application specific (ketogenic diet, plant-based high-protein Mediterranean high intake carbohydrate) can improve vascular function reduce risk illness health promotion, etc., well recovery controlling weight regard improving performance, etc. conclusion, although it be inferred certain aspects athlete's ability may benefit mediated some extent, further high-quality clinical warranted substantiate these claims underlying mechanisms.

Language: Английский

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Hydrogen Sulfide and Gut Microbiota: Their Synergistic Role in Modulating Sirtuin Activity and Potential Therapeutic Implications for Neurodegenerative Diseases

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(11), P. 1480 - 1480

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

The intricate relationship between hydrogen sulfide (H2S), gut microbiota, and sirtuins (SIRTs) can be seen as a paradigm axis in maintaining cellular homeostasis, modulating oxidative stress, promoting mitochondrial health, which together play pivotal role aging neurodegenerative diseases. H2S, gasotransmitter synthesized endogenously by specific acts potent modulator of function protecting against damage. Through sulfate-reducing bacteria, microbiota influences systemic H2S levels, creating link health metabolic processes. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance microbial populations, alter production, impair function, increase heighten inflammation, all contributing factors diseases such Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s. Sirtuins, particularly SIRT1 SIRT3, are NAD+-dependent deacetylases that regulate biogenesis, antioxidant defense, inflammation. enhances sirtuin activity through post-translational modifications, sulfhydration, activate pathways essential for mitigating damage, reducing longevity. SIRT1, example, deacetylates NF-κB, pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, while SIRT3 modulates key enzymes to improve energy metabolism detoxify reactive oxygen species (ROS). This synergy is profoundly influenced the levels and, turn, impacts activation. microbiota–H2S–sirtuin also regulating neuroinflammation, plays central pathogenesis Pharmacological interventions, including donors sirtuin-activating compounds (STACs), promise these synergistically, providing novel therapeutic approach conditions. suggests diversity optimal have far-reaching effects on brain health.

Language: Английский

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Sex Hormones–Gut Microbiome Axis: An Update of What Is Known So Far

Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100571 - 100571

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Intermittent Fasting Improves Sevoflurane-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction in Rats Through SIRT1-Mediated Autophagy

Neurochemical Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 50(1)

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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From the Gut to the Brain: Is Microbiota a New Paradigm in Parkinson’s Disease Treatment?

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(9), P. 770 - 770

Published: April 30, 2024

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is recognized as the second most prevalent primary chronic neurodegenerative disorder of central nervous system. Clinically, PD characterized a movement disorder, exhibiting an incidence and mortality rate that increasing faster than any other neurological condition. In recent years, there has been growing interest concerning role gut microbiota in etiology pathophysiology PD. The establishment brain–gut axis now real, with evidence denoting bidirectional communication between brain through metabolic, immune, neuronal, endocrine mechanisms pathways. Among these, vagus nerve represents direct form gut. Given potential interactions bacteria drugs, it observed therapies for can have impact on composition microbiota. Therefore, scope present review, we will discuss current understanding whether this may be new paradigm treating devastating disease.

Language: Английский

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A Cohort Study of the Influence of the 12-Component Modified Japanese Diet Index on Oral and Gut Microbiota in the Japanese General Population

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 524 - 524

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

The Japanese diet is a healthy dietary pattern, and the oral or gut microbiota have been identified as main factors underlying beneficial effects of diet. However, epidemiological studies on patterns calculated from daily eating habits in general population yielded inconsistent findings. This study aimed to determine association between 12-component modified Diet Index (mJDI12) rural area Japan. After propensity-score matching, 396 participants (198 each low high mJDI12 groups) were picked out. One year after follow up survey, we reclassified subjects compared groups again. Participants with had higher relative abundance butyric acid-producing bacteria their microbiota. Moreover, significantly fiber intake group suggested that contributed an increase gut. In contrast, individuals mJDI12, only Allpprevotella was decreased Thus, pattern can by improving

Language: Английский

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Subcutaneous adipose tissue and skeletal muscle mitochondria following weight loss

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Obesity is a major global health issue with various metabolic complications. Both bariatric surgery and dieting achieve weight loss improve whole-body metabolism, but vary in their ability to maintain these improvements over time. Adipose tissue skeletal muscle metabolism are crucial regulation, obesity linked mitochondrial dysfunction both tissues. The impact of versus on adipose remains be elucidated. Understanding the molecular pathways that modulate following holds potential for identifying novel therapeutic targets management. This narrative review summarizes current knowledge diet-induced muscle, sheds light respective effects.

Language: Английский

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Multiple sclerosis and lifestyle

British Journal of Neuroscience Nursing, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(Sup1), P. S32 - S34

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating neurological condition that affects 2.9 million people worldwide. MS can be debilitating to those who are affected by it and grossly affect their quality of life. In this article, the author explores correlation between lifestyle, how diet physical activity alter course disease in patients it.

Language: Английский

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