Do Lifestyle Interventions Mitigate the Oxidative Damage and Inflammation Induced by Obesity in the Testis?

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 150 - 150

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Obesity results from a disproportionate accumulation of fat and has become global health concern. The increase in adipose tissue is responsible for several systemic testicular changes including hormone levels (leptin, adiponectin, testosterone, estrogen), inflammatory cytokines (increase TNF-α IL-6 decrease IL-10), redox state reactive oxygen species reduction antioxidant enzymes). This poor sperm quality compromised fertility men with obesity. Lifestyle modifications, particularly diet transition to caloric restriction physical exercise, are reported reverse these negative effects. Nevertheless, precise mechanisms mediating benefits, how they modulate oxidative stress, inflammation, metabolism, remain be fully elucidated. main pathway described by which lifestyle interventions obesity-induced damage the Nrf2-SIRT1 axis, modulates overexpression defenses. Of note, some detrimental effects obesity on testis inherited descendants individuals obesity, while reverses effects, no significant work been carried out regarding exercise. review discusses consequences stress adult pediatric populations, emphasizing therapeutic potential mitigate

Language: Английский

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Optimal calorie restriction threshold: effect of FATmax exercise combined with different proportions of calorie restriction on hypercholesterolemia

Frontiers in Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 27, 2025

Background/Objectives To evaluate the impact of maximal fat oxidation intensity exercise combined with calorie restriction intervention on lipid-related parameters in a hypercholesterolemic population, and to determine if an optimal range exists for effectively enhancing blood lipid profiles. Methods A 4-week study 64 patients aged 18–60 secondary hypercholesterolemia. Ultimately, 43 participants completed study. The dietary adhered principles balanced diet, meal plans designed provide three meals per day duration Each subject’s daily intake was set match their individual resting energy expenditure (REE) plus varying proportions physical activity (PA) calories. Participants were divided into four groups based these proportions: REE only, + PA33%, PA67%, PA100%. FATmax exercises conducted 5 times week, lasting 1 h each. Results 1) Compared baseline, subjects’ body weight, mass rate decreased significantly; fat-free also significantly REE, PA67% groups. 2) Subjects’ serum TC LDL-C ApoB groups; there no significant changes HDL-C ApoA1. 3) Serum PCSK9 PA 67% LDLR all subjects. 4) Between groups, change different. Conclusion proper can decrease cholesterol levels patients. Nevertheless, it is misleading assume that drastic reduction invariably results superior outcomes. Optimal cost-effectiveness may be achieved within PA33-67%.

Language: Английский

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GLP-1RA: New Hope in Obesity Therapy

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(02), P. 465 - 479

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of Obesity on Female Fertility: Mechanisms, Clinical Consequences and Management Strategies

Advances in Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(03), P. 1646 - 1653

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Effects of exercise combined with different dietary interventions on cardiovascular health a systematic review and network meta-analysis

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: March 26, 2025

Abstract Background Numerous studies have shown that exercise and dietary interventions positively impact CVD outcomes; however, there is substantial variability in the efficacy of different interventions. The absence direct comparisons between multiple complicates determination their relative effects. This study aims to synthesize literature on impacts exercise, dietary, combined cardiovascular health indicators, perform a network meta-analysis rank these approaches, providing theoretical foundation for selecting optimal intervention strategies. Methods We systematically reviewed from database inception through September 2024, searching PubMed, Web Science, Embase, Cochrane Library. Data were aggregated analyzed using meta-analysis, with ranked according Surface Under Cumulative Ranking (SUCRA) curves. Results was as follows: 1). Triglycerides (TG) Reduction: CR + EX > 5/2F TRF KD CON TRF. 2). Total Cholesterol (TC) EX. 3). High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Increase: CR. 4). Low-Density (LDL) 5). Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) 6). Diastolic (DBP) Conclusion demonstrated most positive effects indicators. In contrast, relatively low effectiveness, its several indicators being even lower than CON.

Language: Английский

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Impact of a Fish-Based Restrictive Ketogenic Diet on Body Composition and Strength Capacity: A Pre–Post Study

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1297 - 1297

Published: April 8, 2025

Background: The ketogenic diet (KD) is becoming a popular nutritional model for athletes. One limitation of this the use animal-meat products, which may be unacceptable to some people. Moreover, relationship between diet’s use, body composition, and strength capacity has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aimed assess effects two-week fish-based restrictive KD on (isometric muscle strength), somatic disorders in healthy adults. Methods: Participants were recruited through advertisements, posters displayed at university, information shared among colleagues. Ultimately, 14 individuals qualified study. For two weeks, they followed designated enriched with fish omega-3 fatty acids, calorie reduction −500 kcal/day. was designed conducted as single-group pre–post Before after completing diet, participants’ composition (body mass, fat, fat-free visceral fat) (knee extensor peak torque [KEPT] knee flexor [KFPT]) measured. survey also analyzed such nausea, vomiting, energy level, diarrhea, constipation, drowsiness, sleep problems, hunger, thirst, bad breath. average results both trials obtained before compared using paired Student’s t-test or non-parametric test. significance level set 0.05. Results: After weeks KD, significant increases ketone bodies observed blood (pre: 0.21 mmol/L ± 0.15 vs. post: 2.20 1.19, p < 0.001) urine 0.00 4.64 3.24, 0.001). Body changes included reductions total mass 76.66 kg 11.06 73.77 10.76, 0.001), fat 21.34 7.36 19.73 7.20, 708.50 g 627.67 603.21 567.82, = 0.0012). Skeletal decreased by 2% 27.75 5.80 27.03 5.47, 0.01), though no seen when adjusting skeletal mass. No major adverse noted relation disorders, although participants reported increased thirst Conclusions: days observed, loss strength. type serve an effective method rapid sports weight categories, while preserving strength, crucial It could alternative means eliminate animal meat from their diet.

Language: Английский

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Variation in Body Composition Components Across Different Age Groups and Proposal of Age-Specific Normative Tables: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(9), P. 1435 - 1435

Published: April 24, 2025

Background/Objectives: Utilizing a significative sample, this study aimed to analyze body composition components in different age groups and develop age-specific normative tables for individuals southern Brazil. Methods: This observational, descriptive, cross-sectional evaluated 8556 of both sexes (54% females) aged 18–49. The hypotheses the present are related declining fat-free mass (FFM), lean (LM), skeletal muscle (SMM) increasing fat (FM) percentage (BFP) during aging process. Data were collected through bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) stratified by (18–29, 30–39, 40–49 years), sex, index (BMI) classifications (normal weight, overweight, grade I, II obesity). Following comparison, presented 3rd, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, 97th percentiles. Results: study’s main findings indicated that FM BFP increased with sexes. Among overweight obese individuals, elevated was particularly high females years normal males. FFM, LM, SMM generally lower 40–49-year-old group, although over 40 higher FFM LM values. In contrast, males values but among BMI. 40, likely reflecting loss associated aging. Conclusions: Based on these results, lifestyle interventions combine nutrition physical exercise may be recommended mitigate effects

Language: Английский

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Comparing exercise modalities during caloric restriction: a systematic review and network meta-analysis on body composition

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: May 29, 2025

Background In recent years, caloric restriction (CR), intermittent fasting (IF), and the ketogenic diet (KD) have gained popularity as primary dietary interventions for improving body composition. While these approaches offer benefits, both IF KD been associated with various adverse effects. Although CR is generally devoid of significant side effects, it may lead to reductions in lean mass. To mitigate this, combined exercise (CR + EX) has become a preferred strategy maintaining overall health. However, under conditions, effects differ from those observed normal diet. Most existing studies compare EX alone, or control (CON) group. prior examined exercise, direct comparisons between specific modalities deficit remain unclear, necessitating network meta-analysis approach. This study summarizes literature on identify which regimen, when paired CR, yields most favorable outcomes. The findings will provide valuable recommendations individuals seeking maintain improve composition through EX. Methods A systematic review was conducted accordance PRISMA guidelines, covering inception databases up September 2024. Searches were performed PubMed, Web Science, Embase, Cochrane Library. registered PROSPERO identifier: CRD42024588241. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving healthy populations included. Articles rigorously screened according PICOS (methods) eligibility criteria, risk bias assessed using Risk Bias Tool. performed, intervention ranked Surface Under Cumulative Ranking (SUCRA) curve. Results included 62 RCTs, encompassing 4,429 participants. ranking follows: Weight reduction: high-intensity aerobic (HA) &gt; moderate-intensity (MA) low-intensity (LA) mixed (MM) (HM) resistance (LR) (MR) (HR) Control group (CON), Compared CON, effect sizes other groups HA: 7.94 (6.34, 9.55), MA: 7.78 (5.97, 9.58), LA: 7.10 (5.10, 9.10), MM: 6.65 (3.49, 9.81), HM: 7.47 (3.19, 11.75), CR: LR: 5.45 (0.17, 10.72), MR: 5.62 (3.17, 8.06), HR: 6.00 (3.24, 8.76); BMI LA MM HA MA HR HM MR CON; Fat mass LR 2.70 (1.76, 3.65), 3.35 (1.94, 4.75), 2.90 (2.11, 3.70), 2.96 (2.09, 3.84), 2.56 (1.43, 3.69), 2.47 (1.79, 3.15), 1.73 (−0.34, 3.81), 2.26 (1.08, 3.45); Body fat percentage 4.80 (3.50, 6.10), 5.87 (3.22, 8.52), 6.24 (1.05, 11.42), 4.40 (1.93, 6.87), 4.18 (2.21, 6.15), (0.80, 7.99), 4.17 (2.70, 5.64), 3.40 (1.44, 5.35), 3.23 (2.08, 4.39); Lean preservation: CON 0.14 (−2.91, 3.19), 0.03 (−2.24, 2.29), 0.36 (−4.15, 4.87), −0.17 (−2.36, 2.02), −0.40 (−2.22, 1.43), −0.58 (−2.75, 1.59), −0.81 (−4.27, 2.65), −0.67 (−2.33, 0.98), −1.66 (−3.12, −0.19). summary, are at an advantageous level indicators. Conclusion Combining moderate-and optimizes loss while preserving mass, making superior improvement. Systematic registration

Language: Английский

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Exploring Physical Activity, Sleep, and Nutrition’s Role in Fatigue Among Post-COVID-19 Patients

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(23), P. 4056 - 4056

Published: Nov. 26, 2024

Background/Objectives: A significant number of patients experience prolonged symptoms following COVID-19 in particular cases fatigue. Yet, pathomechanisms COVID-19-related fatigue remain unclear. Methods: This study investigated after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (PC) with relevant according to the Fatigue Assessment Scale (≥22 points) rule out malnutrition as a driving factor for and evaluate daily activity sleep characteristics. Dietary behavior was recorded through food diaries physical by self-reported (questionnaires) objective (activity tracker) outcomes. Data were collected over 7-day period compared healthy control group (HC). subgroup analysis severe fatigue, well sex-specific analysis, included. Results: No differences dietary intake observed, but an indication toward healthier Mediterranean diet PC median Diet Score 4 (IQR 3, 5) HC vs. 5 6) (p = 0.24). There also no activity, either or subjective measures. However, duration 49 min longer 0.003). Conclusions: In conclusion, did not significantly contribute yet showed increased duration. As characteristics play crucial role mental wellbeing, association sleep, should be evaluated further studies.

Language: Английский

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