Malnutrition and Its Influence on Gut sIgA–Microbiota Dynamics

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 179 - 179

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

In the current era, malnutrition is seen as both undernutrition and overweight obesity; conditions are caused by nutrient deficiency or excess improper use imbalance in intake of macro micronutrients. Recent evidence suggests that alters intestinal microbiota, known dysbiosis. Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) plays an important role maintaining increasing beneficial microbiota populations protecting against pathogenic species. Depletion bacterial throughout life also conditioned malnutrition. This review aims to synthesize establishes interrelationship between diet, malnutrition, changes flora, sIgA levels. Targeted nutritional therapies combined with prebiotic, probiotic, postbiotic administration can restore immune response intestine host’s homeostasis.

Language: Английский

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Dysbiosis and extraintestinal cancers

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 44(1)

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Abstract The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in safeguarding host health and driving the progression of intestinal diseases. Despite recent advances remarkable correlation between dysbiosis extraintestinal cancers, underlying mechanisms are yet to be fully elucidated. Pathogenic microbiota, along with their metabolites, can undermine integrity barrier through inflammatory or metabolic pathways, leading increased permeability translocation pathogens. dissemination pathogens circulation may contribute establishment an immune-suppressive environment that promotes carcinogenesis organs either directly indirectly. oncogenic cascade always engages disruption hormonal regulation responses, induction genomic instability mutations, dysregulation adult stem cell proliferation. This review aims comprehensively summarize existing evidence points potential malignant transformation such as liver, breast, lung, pancreas. Additionally, we delve into limitations inherent current methodologies, particularly challenges associated differentiating low loads gut-derived microbiome within tumors from sample contamination symbiotic microorganisms. Although still controversial, understanding contribution translocated metabolites pathological continuum chronic inflammation could offer novel foundation for development targeted therapeutics.

Language: Английский

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Saussurea costus alleviates ulcerative colitis by regulating the gut microbiota and improving intestinal barrier integrity

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Introduction The global health challenge of ulcerative colitis (UC) has been classified by the WHO as a modern refractory disease, commonly referred to green cancer, with limited treatment options still available, highlighting urgent need for development new therapeutic strategies. Recent pharmacological research shown that traditional Chinese medicine saussurea costus (SC) possesses beneficial antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. Nevertheless, its underlying mechanism remains elusive. Methods Firstly, we identified main active components SC through UHPLC-QTOF-MS analysis. Subsequently, UC mice were induced using DSS administered different doses evaluate efficacy. Additionally, impact on repair intestinal mucosal barrier was evaluated immunofluorescence western blot. Furthermore, 16s rRNA gene sequencing conducted elucidate contribution gut microbiota pathogenesis. Results primary include Proline, Phenylalanine, Isoleucine, Lucidenic acid M, Pyroglutamic acid. efficacy concurrently assessed, revealing potential ameliorate histological injury in mice. found decrease levels TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, IL-18 while promoting expression IL-10 IL-22. Similarly, also ZO-1 Occludin reversed In addition, analysis 16S indicated reduced harmful bacterial populations, such Proteobacteria , simultaneously enhancing bacteria like Lactobacillus thereby contributing improvement pathology. Conclusion This study highlights managing ability attenuate inflammatory responses, restore functionality, modulate composition, which findings offer insights into strategies advancing treatment.

Language: Английский

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The Expanding Role of Probiotics in Human Health

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 1116 - 1116

Published: March 24, 2025

Since the 1990s, it has been widely documented that probiotics, either alone or in combination with prebiotic supplements, play a vital role host health and disease management [...].

Language: Английский

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Intestinal Microbiota Modulation by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 779 - 779

Published: March 23, 2025

Numerous factors are involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which responsible for its development and progression as an independent entity, but also thanks to their simultaneous action. This is explained by hypothesis multiple parallel hits. These insulin resistance, lipid metabolism alteration, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum inflammatory cytokine liberation, gut microbiota dysbiosis or gut–liver axis activation. a systematic review has aim show connection between intestinal role disbalance NAFLD. The made from wide spectrum microorganisms that systemic impact on human health, with well-documented digestion, energy metabolism, stimulation immune system, synthesis essential nutrients, etc. It been shown associated all three stages chronic disease. Thus, modulation attracted research interest novel therapeutic approach management NAFLD patients. modification can be achieved substantial diet application probiotics prebiotics, while most radical effects observed fecal transplantation (FMT). Given results FMT context metabolic syndrome (MetS) animal models scarce pilot studies humans, seems promising treatment option could reverse thereby influence course

Language: Английский

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Lentinula edodes as a Source of Bioactive Compounds with Therapeutical Potential in Intestinal Inflammation and Colorectal Cancer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 3320 - 3320

Published: April 2, 2025

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn's (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a rising global health issue. Chronic intestinal inflammation an important risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite significant progress in IBD CRC treatment, numerous patients remain resistant to standard pharmacotherapy or experience severe side effects that prevent them from continuing treatment. There evidence suggesting bioactive substances Lentinula edodes have immunomodulatory anticancer properties. This fungus currently classified as functional food, considering its beneficial on human special nutritional value. Studies conducted vitro animal models demonstrated L. compounds, particular glucans, anti-inflammatory antioxidant effects, induce apoptosis of cells, reduce tumor angiogenesis, restore gut microbiome heterogeneity improve barrier dysfunction. Moreover, clinical trials confirmed these compounds combined with chemotherapy effect improving the prognosis patients. In addition, glucans increase microbial diversity enhance interferon (IFN)-γ production by immune cells. Future studies must be focused understanding pathways mechanisms associated observed effects. both randomized long-term follow-up are needed confirm their effectiveness treatment CRC.

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota in Heart Failure—The Role of Inflammation

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 911 - 911

Published: April 9, 2025

Heart failure (HF) has become an immense health concern affecting almost 1–2% of the population globally. It is a complex syndrome characterized by activation sympathetic nervous system and Renin–Angiotensin–Aldosterone (RAAS) axis as well endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammation. The recent literature points towards interaction between intestinal flora heart, also called gut–heart axis. human gastrointestinal tract naturally inhabited various microbes, which are distinct for each patient, regulating functions many organs. Alterations gut microbiome, process dysbiosis, may result in systemic diseases have been associated with heart through inflammatory autoimmune mechanisms. disorder permeability favors translocation microbes metabolites capable inducing inflammation, thus further contributing to deterioration normal cardiac function. Besides diet modifications exercise training, studies revealed possible microbiota targeted treatments managing failure. aim this review demonstrate impact environment induced microbiome its on elucidation these novel therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Human Health: A Key to Modern Nutritional Balance in Association with Polyphenolic Compounds from Food Sources

Foods, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1), P. 46 - 46

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are vital dietary elements that play a significant role in human nutrition. They highly regarded for their positive contributions to overall health and well-being. Beyond the fact they provide substantial supply of energy body (a saturated fats can also perform), these unsaturated and, especially, essential ones involved cell membrane structure, blood pressure regulation, coagulation; participate proper functioning immune system assimilation fat-soluble vitamins; influence synthesis pro- anti-inflammatory substances; protect cardiovascular system. Modern diets like Western diet American rich found especially fast food products, sweets, processed foods, has led an increase prevalence metabolic diseases worldwide (obesity, type II diabetes, gout, disease). Nutritionists have drawn attention moderate consumption need intake detriment ones. This paper examines biochemical roles polyunsaturated fats, particularly acids, contrasts benefits with detrimental effects fat overconsumption. Furthermore, it highlights necessity shifts towards increased PUFA mitigate global burden diet-related issues. The co-occurrence PUFAs polyphenols plant-based foods sophistication nature’s design. These bioactive compounds not randomly distributed but present humans consumed together historically. From traditional Mediterranean, which pairs olive oil (PUFAs polyphenols) vegetables legumes, Asian cuisines combining sesame seeds turmeric, cultural practices long harnessed this natural synergy.

Language: Английский

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High-resolution analysis of the treated coeliac disease microbiome reveals increased inter-individual variability

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2024

Abstract Background Coeliac disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated disorder primarily affecting the small intestine, characterised by inflammatory immune reaction to dietary gluten. CeD onset results from a multifaceted interplay of genetic and environmental factors. While recent data show that alterations in gut microbiome composition could play important role, many current studies are constrained sample sizes limited resolution. Methods To address these limitations, we analysed faecal microbiota two Dutch cohorts, CeDNN (128 treated patients (tCeD), 106 controls) Lifelines Microbiome Project (24 self-reported tCeD, 654 controls), using shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Self-reported IBS (570 cases, 1710 IBD (93 465 were used as comparative conditions gastrointestinal tract. Interindividual variation within case control groups was calculated at whole strain level. Finally, species-specific gene repertoires tCeD controls. Results Within-individual diversity decreased with but not patients. Each condition displayed unique microbial pattern and, addition confirming previously reported associations, identify increase levels Clostridium sp. CAG:253 , Roseburia hominis Eggerthella lenta amongst others. We further observed changes can partially be explained gluten-free diet adherence. also observe increased interindividual among higher bacterial mutation frequency contributes In addition, immotile European subspecies Eubacterium rectale which has distinct carbohydrate metabolism potential, nearly absent Conclusion Our study sheds light on complex between CeD, revealing strain-level These findings expand our understanding microbiome’s role intestinal health disease. Highlights This largest collection coeliac assembled date, providing insights into down Compared controls, (tCeD) adhering novel associations. have less uniform than Bacteria display compared Hallmarks patients, implying selection

Language: Английский

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