Mpox and Viral Co‐Infections: A Narrative Review DOI Creative Commons
Mohsen Nakhaie, Mohammad Rezaei Zadeh Rukerd, Niloofar Farsiu

et al.

Health Science Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background and Aims Monkeypox (Mpox), caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), has emerged as a significant global public health concern, particularly following substantial multi‐country outbreak in mid‐2022. The World Health Organization (WHO) reported 109,699 laboratory‐confirmed Mpox cases 236 fatalities worldwide from January 1, 2022, to September 30, 2024. This narrative review aims evaluate co‐infections of with various viral agents assess their implications for health. Methods We conducted comprehensive literature regarding human immunodeficiency (HIV), severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), hepatitis viruses (hepatitis A (HAV), B (HBV), C (HCV)), herpesviruses (including herpes simplex (HSV)‐1, HSV‐2, varicella‐zoster (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV)). Results analyzed epidemiological trends, clinical manifestations, preventive measures, treatment guidelines, advanced diagnostic methodologies. highlights intricate dynamics underscores necessity approaches, including load assays, active co‐infections, HIV HBV. Conclusion Understanding interplay between MPXV other pathogens is crucial enhancing management strategies co‐infections. By addressing these complexities, we aim contribute valuable insights into improve response strategies.

Language: Английский

Mpox (formerly monkeypox): pathogenesis, prevention and treatment DOI Creative Commons
Junjie Lu, Hui Xing, Chunhua Wang

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Dec. 27, 2023

In 2022, a global outbreak of Mpox (formerly monkeypox) occurred in various countries across Europe and America rapidly spread to more than 100 regions. The World Health Organization declared the be public health emergency international concern due rapid virus. Consequently, nations intensified their efforts explore treatment strategies aimed at combating infection its dissemination. Nevertheless, available therapeutic options for virus remain limited. So far, only few numbers antiviral compounds have been approved by regulatory authorities. Given high mutability virus, certain mutant strains shown resistance existing pharmaceutical interventions. This highlights urgent need develop novel drugs that can combat both drug potential threat bioterrorism. Currently, there is lack comprehensive literature on pathophysiology Mpox. To address this issue, we conducted review covering physiological pathological processes infection, summarizing latest progress anti-Mpox drugs. Our analysis encompasses currently employed clinical settings, as well newly identified small-molecule antibody displaying efficacy against Furthermore, gained valuable insights from process development, including repurposing drugs, discovery targets driven artificial intelligence, preclinical development. purpose provide readers with overview current knowledge

Language: Английский

Citations

83
A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics DOI Creative Commons
Emmanuel Alakunle, Daniel Kolawole,

Diana Diaz-Cánova

et al.

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: March 6, 2024

Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the etiological agent of monkeypox (mpox), a zoonotic disease. MPXV endemic in forested regions West and Central Africa, but has recently spread globally, causing outbreaks multiple non-endemic countries. In this paper, we review characteristics virus, including its ecology, genomics, infection biology, evolution. We estimate by phylogenomic molecular clock that B.1 lineage responsible for 2022 mpox been circulation since 2016. interrogate host-virus interactions modulate signal transduction, pathogenesis, host immune responses. highlight changing pathophysiology epidemiology summarize recent advances prevention treatment mpox. addition, identifies knowledge gaps with respect to disease, suggests future research directions address gaps, proposes One Health approach as an effective strategy prevent current epidemics

Language: Английский

Citations

53
Mpox and HIV: a Narrative Review DOI Open Access
Carlos Saldana, Colleen F. Kelley, Bruce Aldred

et al.

Current HIV/AIDS Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. 261 - 269

Published: May 13, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

41
Clinical characteristics and predictors of human mpox outcome during the 2022 outbreak in Nigeria: a cohort study DOI Open Access
Dimie Ogoina, Mahmood Dalhat, Ballah Akawu Denue

et al.

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(12), P. 1418 - 1428

Published: Aug. 22, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

30
Clinical review of human mpox DOI Creative Commons
Dimie Ogoina, Inger K. Damon, Emmanuel Nakouné

et al.

Clinical Microbiology and Infection, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(12), P. 1493 - 1501

Published: Sept. 12, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

26
Early Tecovirimat Treatment for Mpox Disease Among People With HIV DOI
Bruce Aldred, Robert H. Lyles,

Jane Y. Scott

et al.

JAMA Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 184(3), P. 275 - 275

Published: Jan. 8, 2024

Despite a lack of effectiveness data in humans, tecovirimat was widely prescribed to people with HIV (PWH) mpox during the 2022 epidemic, particularly PWH low CD4+ T-cell counts or severe clinical manifestations.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
"Mpox in MSM: Tackling Stigma, Minimizing Risk Factors, Exploring Pathogenesis, and Treatment Approaches" DOI Creative Commons
Arpan Acharya, Narendra Kumar, Kamal Singh

et al.

Biomedical Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100746 - 100746

Published: May 1, 2024

Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPV), primarily found in Central and West African countries. The typical presentation of before 2022 mpox outbreak includes febrile prodrome 5-13 days post-exposure, accompanied lymphadenopathy, malaise, headache, muscle aches. Unexpectedly, during outbreak, several cases atypical presentations were reported, such as absence prodromal symptoms presence genital skin lesions suggestive sexual transmission. As per World Health Organization (WHO), March 20, 2024, 94,707 reported worldwide, resulting 181 deaths (22 endemic regions 159 non-endemic countries). United States Centers for Disease Control Prevention (CDC) reports total 32,063 (33.85% globally), with 58 (32.04% global deaths) due to mpox. Person-to-person transmission can occur through respiratory droplets sustained close contact. However, mpox, high incidence anal perianal among MSMs indicated MPV major route Since are disproportionately at risk HIV transmission, this review discusses factors, patterns, pathogenesis, vaccine, treatment options MSM people living (PLWH). Furthermore, we provide brief perspective on evolution immunocompromised like PLWH.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Advancements in monkeypox vaccines development: a critical review of emerging technologies DOI Creative Commons
Igor Garcia-Atutxa, Paul Mondragón‐Terán, Alejandro Huerta‐Saquero

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Oct. 11, 2024

Monkeypox (mpox) is a zoonotic illness caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), with higher health concerns among people who are pregnant, children, and persons immunocompromised, including untreated advanced HIV disease. Significant progress has been made in developing vaccines against mpox, yet critical challenges limitations persist ensuring their effectiveness, safety, accessibility. The pertinence of this review highlighted World Health Organization's declaration global emergency on August 14, 2024, due to recent mpox outbreak, underscoring necessity for effective vaccine solutions face rapidly evolving virus. Here, we comprehensively analyze various platforms utilized prevention, attenuated non-replicating vaccines, viral vector-based recombinant protein DNA mRNA vaccines. We evaluate advantages each platform, highlighting urgent need ongoing research innovation enhance efficacy safety. Recent advancements, such as incorporating immunostimulatory sequences, improved delivery systems, polyvalent explored potential offer broader protection diverse orthopoxvirus strains. This work underscores optimize currently available investigate novel vaccination strategies address future public emergencies effectively. By focusing these methodologies, aim contribute development robust adaptable other related threats.

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Monkeypox: a re-emergent virus with global health implications – a comprehensive review DOI Creative Commons
Nourhan G. Naga,

Enas A. Nawar,

A’laa A. Mobarak

et al.

Tropical Diseases Travel Medicine and Vaccines, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Jan. 14, 2025

Abstract Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is an enclosed, double-stranded DNA from the Orthopoxvirus genus, which also contains variola, vaccinia, and cowpox. MPXV, was once confined to West Central Africa, has recently had a rebound, spreading beyond its original range since 2017. The distinguished by unique morphology, includes oval or brick-shaped structure complex lipid protein makeup. current multi-country outbreak designated public health emergency in 2022, highlighted MPXV’s shifting epidemiology ability spread rapidly over globe. ‘No one safe until everyone safe’ slogan we often heard during COVID-19 pandemic, now required for growing global regional mpox outbreaks. epidemic divided into two clades: Clade I II, have distinct pathogenic characteristics. Diagnostic approaches developed with advances molecular techniques, yet problems persist resource-constrained situations. This overview summarizes virus’s history, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, offering insights recent comeback response efforts.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Knowledge of Human Mpox (Monkeypox) and Attitude towards Mpox Vaccination among Male Sex Workers in China: A Cross-Sectional Study DOI Creative Commons
Yuanyi Chen, Yuwei Li, Leiwen Fu

et al.

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 285 - 285

Published: Jan. 28, 2023

Re-emerging human mpox (previously known as monkeypox) is spreading around the world. According to existing studies, current pandemic mainly affects men who have sex with (MSM), including male workers (MSW). Our study aimed assess knowledge and attitude towards vaccination among MSW in China.A web-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted August 2022. We collected participants' socio-demographic characteristics 15 items related mpox. Modified Bloom's cut-off points of 80% (total score > 12) used indicate good knowledge. Multivariable regression analysis factors vaccination.A total 154 were recruited (age: median = 22, interquartile range, IQR 12). Of MSW, 49.4% had mpox, 63.0% willing be vaccinated against found that associated being single [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.46, 95% confident interval (CI) (1.22-4.87)], unemployed [5.01, 1.21-20.70] willingness [2.51, 1.14-5.54]. Willingness get age [1.06, 1.00-1.12], chronic diseases history [8.53, 1.01-71.68], agreement "priority for high-risk groups if vaccine short supply" [2.57, 1.01-6.54].We suboptimal a high are may These findings underscore necessity providing health education on MSW. When supply, priority should given groups, such

Language: Английский

Citations

22