Nanotechnology to Overcome Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability and Damage in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 281 - 281

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a critical structure that maintains brain homeostasis by selectively regulating nutrient influx and waste efflux. Not surprisingly, it often compromised in neurodegenerative diseases. In addition to its involvement these pathologies, the BBB also represents significant challenge for drug delivery into central nervous system. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely explored as carriers capable of overcoming this effectively transporting therapies brain. However, their potential directly address ameliorate dysfunction has received limited attention. review, we examine how NPs enhance across treat diseases explore emerging strategies restore integrity vital structure.

Language: Английский

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Resting-State EEG Oscillations in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): Toward Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Markers

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 545 - 545

Published: Jan. 16, 2025

Introduction: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons in brain, brainstem, and spinal cord. Several neuroimaging techniques can help reveal pathophysiology ALS. One these electroencephalogram (EEG), noninvasive relatively inexpensive tool for examining electrical activity brain with excellent temporal precision. Methods: This mechanistic review examines pattern resting-state EEG activity. With focus on publications published between January 1995 October 2024, we carried out comprehensive search 2024 across number databases, including PubMed/Medline, Research Gate, Google Scholar, Cochrane. Results: The literature yielded 17 studies included this review. varied significantly their methodology patient characteristics. Despite this, common biomarker typical ALS was found-reduced alpha power. Regarding other oscillations, findings are less consistent sometimes contradictory. As review, three possible explanations provided. main most important one increased cortical excitability. In addition, due to limitations studies, recommendations future research topic outlined enable further better understanding patterns Conclusions: Most showed power deficits patients, reflecting pathological hyperexcitability cerebral cortex. Future should address methodological identified small sample sizes, inconsistent frequency-band definitions, insufficient functional outcome measures, solidify extend current findings.

Language: Английский

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A review on oxidative stress in organophosphate-induced neurotoxicity

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 106735 - 106735

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Multi-scale Neural Homeostasis Mechanisms: Insights into Neurodegenerative Diseases and Therapeutic Approaches, Including Exercise

Advanced Exercise and Health Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Comparative Study of Structural and Functional Rearrangements in Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria of SOD1-G93A Transgenic Mice at Pre-, Early-, and Late-Symptomatic Stages of ALS Progression

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 30(3)

Published: March 18, 2025

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive multisystem disease characterized by limb and trunk muscle weakness that attributed, in part, to abnormalities mitochondrial ultrastructure impaired functions. This study investigated the time course of structural functional rearrangements skeletal mitochondria combination with motor impairments Tg (copper-zinc superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD1) G93A) dl1/GurJ (referred as SOD1-G93A/low) male mice, familial ALS model, compared non-transgenic littermates. Methods: The neurological status functions were assessed weekly using paw grip endurance method grid suspension test two-limb four-limb tasks. Transmission electron microscopy followed quantitative analysis was performed ultrastructural alterations quadriceps femoris. Functional high-resolution Oxygraph-2k (O2K) respirometry methods for assessing calcium retention capacity index content lipid peroxidation products freshly isolated preparations. Results: Based on behavioral phenotyping data, specific age groups identified: postnatal day 56 (P56) (n = 10–11), 84 (P84) 156 (P154) 10–12), representing pre-symptomatic, early-symptomatic late-symptomatic stages progression SOD1-G93A/low respectively. Electron showed mosaic destructive changes subsarcolemmal fibers femoris from 84-day-old mice. Morphometric revealed an elevation mean size SOD1-G93A mice at P84 P154. In addition, P154 transgenic group demonstrated decrease sarcomere width number per unit area. At symptomatic stage, exhibited decreased respiratory control ratio, ADP-stimulated, uncoupled respiration rates muscle, measured respirometry. parallel, lower increased levels control. Conclusions: Taken together, these results indicate stage-dependent associated defective oxidative phosphorylation, homeostasis, damage mouse which appears be promising direction development therapies ALS.

Language: Английский

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Serum creatine kinase dynamics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Predictive role of male sex, limb onset, and intermediate disease duration for stratified monitoring

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 135, P. 111203 - 111203

Published: March 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Critical issues in the use of edaravone for the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Neurological Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 8, 2025

Language: Английский

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