Artificial Intelligence-Driven Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant and Biofilm-Forming Pathogens on Biotic and Abiotic Surfaces

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 788 - 788

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

The growing threat of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) pathogens to human health worldwide emphasizes the need for more effective infection control strategies. Bacterial and fungal biofilms pose a major challenge in treating AMR pathogen infections. Biofilms are formed by pathogenic microbes encased extracellular polymeric substances confer protection from antimicrobials host immune system. also promote growth antibiotic-resistant mutants latent persister cells thus complicate therapeutic approaches. ubiquitous cause serious risks due their ability colonize various surfaces, including tissues, medical devices, food-processing equipment. Detection characterization crucial prompt intervention control. To this end, traditional approaches often effective, yet they fail identify microbial species inside biofilms. Recent advances artificial intelligence (AI) have provided new avenues improve biofilm identification. Machine-learning algorithms image-processing techniques shown promise accurate efficient detection biofilm-forming microorganisms on biotic abiotic surfaces. These advancements potential transform research clinical practice allowing faster diagnosis tailored therapy. This comprehensive review focuses application AI identification industries, healthcare, food safety, agriculture. discusses existing approaches, challenges, applications research, with particular focus role improving diagnostic capacities guiding preventative actions. synthesis current knowledge future directions, as described review, will guide development efforts combating biofilm-associated

Language: Английский

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Anti-Biofilm and Anti-Quorum-Sensing Activity of Inula Extracts: A Strategy for Modulating Chromobacterium violaceum Virulence Factors

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(5), P. 573 - 573

Published: April 30, 2024

The formation of microbial biofilm is a self-organizing process among bacterial cells, regulated by quorum-sensing (QS) mechanisms, contributing to development infections. These processes, either separately or in combination, significantly contribute resistance antibiotics and disinfectants. A novel approach addressing the challenge treating infections due antibacterial involves use plant metabolites. In recent years, there has been increasing recognition different phytochemicals as potential modulators. our study, we evaluated synergistic effect chloroform methanol extracts from Inula species against key virulence factors, including formation, violacein production, swarming motility. Each 11 examined demonstrated ability reduce biofilms pigment synthesis C. violaceum. Two I. britannica exhibited significant anti-biofilm anti-quorum-sensing effects with over 80% inhibition. Their inhibitory on indicates their anti-QS agents, likely attributed high concentration terpenoids (triterpenoids, sesquiterpene lactones, diterpenoids). Scanning electron microscopy revealed notable reduction biomass, along changes architecture cell morphology. Additionally, fluorescence presence metabolically inactive indicating potent activity during treatment. new findings underscore effectiveness genus anti-virulent agents They also propose promising strategy for preventing its formation.

Language: Английский

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Biochemical Insights into synergistic Candida Biofilm disintegrating ability of p-cymene inclusion complex and miconazole

European Journal of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 177365 - 177365

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Drosera rotundifolia L. as E. coli biofilm inhibitor: insights into the mechanism of action using proteomics/metabolomics and toxicity studies

Biofilm, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 9, P. 100268 - 100268

Published: March 1, 2025

The successful sustainable cultivation of the well-known medicinal plant sundew on rewetted peatlands not only leads to preservation natural populations, but also provides a basis for pharmaceutical use plant. bioactive compounds sundew, flavonoids and naphthoquinones, show biofilm-inhibiting properties against multidrug-resistant, ESBL-producing E. coli strains open up new therapeutic possibilities. This study investigates molecular mechanisms these in biofilm inhibition through proteomic analyses. Specific fractions as well individual substances like 7-methyljuglone 2″-O-galloylhyperoside, are analyzed. Results that naphthoquinones appear act via central regulatory proteins such OmpR alter stress response while likely affect formation by creating an iron-poor environment iron complexation additionally influence polyamine balance, reducing intracellular spermidine levels. Further investigations including assays analysis polyamines confirmed data. Safety evaluations cytotoxicity tests 3D cell cultures Galleria mellonella vivo model confirm safety extracts used. These findings highlight promising candidate phytopharmaceuticals.

Language: Английский

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Phytochemical-based Drugs for Salmonella Biofilm Disruption

Royal Society of Chemistry eBooks, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 123 - 143

Published: April 9, 2025

The prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Salmonella biofilms pose significant challenges in infection treatment food safety. Utilizing plant extracts phytochemicals as phyto-drugs offers an alternative strategy to control biofilm formation. Phyto-drugs, including extracts, essential oils, purified phytochemicals, individually or combined, are crucial addressing these challenges. Terpenes, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, alkaloids like quercetin, piperine, berberine show promise for future phyto-drug development against biofilm. Thymol, carvacrol, eugenol, notably from Origanum vulgare, exhibit antibiofilm activity, inducing stress-related proteins Salmonella. Other oil constituents farnesol isomers, malvalic acid, isoshogaol, Z-phytol also promise. Plant-derived act both planktonic forms by disrupting formation, motility, adhesion, QS. Strategies include inhibiting cellulose synthesis QS systems. Phyto-synthesized nanoparticles offer a promising avenue, effectively combating microbial while being cost-effective environmentally friendly. Integrating with synthetic antimicrobial drugs demonstrates potential biofilm-related issues resistance.

Language: Английский

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In Vitro Evaluation of the Antibacterial Effect and Influence on the Bacterial Biofilm Formation of Glutamic Acid and Some Structural Analogues

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 415 - 415

Published: April 19, 2025

Background/Objectives: Glutamic acid (GLA) is an essential amino with a key role in human metabolism. A potential involvement anticancer therapy and possible antibacterial anti-biofilm effects were also observed. Glutamine (GLN) monosodium glutamate (MSG) are GLA structural derivatives for which the last two evaluated, contradictory results. Therefore, this study aimed to assess activity influence on biofilm formation of GLA, GLN, MSG, glutamic diethyl ester (GLADE) clinically relevant bacteria. Methods: Gram-positive Gram-negative bacterial reference strains used test GLADE. The properties assessed by detecting minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) bactericidal (MBC). was crystal violet method, reading optical densities (ODs) spectrophotometry. Results: GLN did not demonstrate capacity at maximum tested (2.86 mg/mL); showed 1.76 mg/mL 0.88 mg/mL; MSG inhibited growth all 112 GLADE had most promising results (MICs 12.75 25.5 mg/mL). satisfactory MBC values (at 51 Conclusions: some analogues attractive options activity; optimizing increase its could be new approach.

Language: Английский

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Inula salicina L.: Insights into Its Polyphenolic Constituents and Biological Activity

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(7), P. 844 - 844

Published: June 27, 2024

In this study, UHPLC-HRMS analysis of the defatted methanol extract obtained from Inula salicina L. led to identification 58 compounds—hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids their glycosides, acylquinic caffeoylhexaric acids, flavonoids glycosides. addition, a new natural compound, N-(8-methylnepetin)-3-hydroxypiperidin-2-one was isolated its structure elucidated by NMR spectroscopy. The presence flavoalkaloid in genus is described now for first time. Chlorogenic acid main compound followed 3,5-, 1,5- 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acids. studied antioxidant potential DPPH, ABTS, FRAP assays sun protective properties. study conducted assess effectiveness tested inhibiting biofilm formation Gram-positive Gram-negative strains. Results crystal violet tests revealed notable decrease mass due extract. anti-biofilm efficacy confirmed through observation viability live/dead staining. results showed that plant could be used development cosmetic products with antibacterial protection

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic efficacy of chitosan-based hybrid nanomaterials to treat microbial biofilm and their infections – A review

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 137850 - 137850

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Pathogenic Potential of Opportunistic Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from the Cloacal Microbiota of Free-Living Reptile Hosts Originating from Bulgaria

Life, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 566 - 566

Published: April 27, 2024

Reptiles are known to be asymptomatic carriers of various zoonotic pathogens. A number Gram-negative opportunistic commensals causative agents bacterial infections in immunocompromised or stressed hosts and disseminated by reptiles, whose epidemiological role should not neglected. Since most studies have focused on exotic species, captivity as pet animals, the wild populations a potential source pathogens still remains understudied. In present study, we isolated variety bacteria from cloacal microbiota free-living lizard tortoise (Reptilia: Sauria Testudines) Bulgarian herpetofauna. We evaluated their pathogenic according antibiotic susceptibility patterns, biofilm-forming capacity, extracellular production some enzymes considered play roles virulence factors. To our knowledge, phenotypic manifestation factors/enzymatic activity biofilm formation reptile has yet been widely investigated. All isolates were found capable forming biofilms extent 29.6% them could categorized strong producers. Two strains proved excellent The majority showed at least one exoenzyme. pronounced pathogenicity attributed newly Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain due its multiresistance, formation, expression exoenzymes.

Language: Английский

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Combatting Antibiotic Resistance by Exploring the Promise of Quorum Quenching in Targeting Bacterial Virulence

The Microbe, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6, P. 100224 - 100224

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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