The Importance of Mycorrhizal Fungi and Their Associated Bacteria in Promoting Crops’ Performance: An Applicative Perspective DOI Creative Commons
Miriana Bortolot, Beatrice Buffoni,

Sonia Mazzarino

et al.

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 1326 - 1326

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Agricultural systems are particularly impacted by global climate change (CC), responsible for the introduction of multiple environmental stressors negatively affecting plant growth. Soil microbial communities crucial in agricultural practices, influencing crop performance and soil health. Human activities CC threaten biodiversity, leading to quality degradation decreasing health productivity. Among plant-beneficial microorganisms, mycorrhizal fungi widespread terrestrial ecosystems, including agroecosystems, they play a key role enhancing plants’ fitness resilience both abiotic biotic stresses. Therefore, exploring symbiosis sustainable agriculture has become increasingly critical. Moreover, application bioinoculants could reduce dependence on inorganic fertilizers, enhance yield, support plants overcoming This review, after briefly introducing taxonomy, morphology mechanisms supporting establishment, reports roles their associated bacteria improving nutrition mitigating CC-induced stresses such as drought salinity, also giving specific examples. The focus is arbuscular (AMF), but ericoid (ErM) considered promising microorganisms model. New emerging concepts illustrated, AMF hyphosphere acting preferential niche host growth-promoting potential ErM improve Ericaceae non-host plants, behaving endophytes. Finally, limitations mycorrhizal-based discussed possible alternatives chemical-based products. To this aim, ways overcome problems use proper formulations, systematic check propagule viability suitable agronomical practices field.

Language: Английский

Symbiotic synergy: How Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi enhance nutrient uptake, stress tolerance, and soil health through molecular mechanisms and hormonal regulation DOI Creative Commons
Nazir Ahmed, Juan Li, Yongquan Li

et al.

IMA Fungus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 21, 2025

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is integral to sustainable agriculture and enhances plant resilience abiotic biotic stressors. Through their symbiotic association with roots, AM improves nutrient water uptake, activates antioxidant defenses, facilitates hormonal regulation, contributing improved health productivity. Plants release strigolactones, which trigger spore germination hyphal branching, a process regulated by genes, such as D27 , CCD7 CCD8 MAX1 . recognition plants mediated receptor-like kinases (RLKs) LysM domains, leading the formation of arbuscules that optimize exchange. Hormonal regulation plays pivotal role in this symbiosis; cytokinins enhance colonization, auxins support arbuscule formation, brassinosteroids regulate root growth. Other hormones, salicylic acid, gibberellins, ethylene, jasmonic abscisic also influence colonization stress responses, further bolstering resilience. In addition health, soil improving microbial diversity, structure, cycling, carbon sequestration. This supports pH pathogen suppression, offering alternative chemical fertilizers fertility. To maximize ’s potential agriculture, future research should focus on refining inoculation strategies, enhancing compatibility different crops, assessing long-term ecological economic benefits. Optimizing applications critical for agricultural resilience, food security, farming practices.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Boosting Crop Resilience to Environmental Stresses DOI Creative Commons
Wenjing Nie, Qinghai He,

Hongen Guo

et al.

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2448 - 2448

Published: Nov. 28, 2024

Amid escalating challenges from global climate change and increasing environmental degradation, agricultural systems worldwide face a multitude of abiotic stresses, including drought, salinity, elevated temperatures, heavy metal pollution, flooding. These factors critically impair crop productivity yield. Simultaneously, biotic pressures such as pathogen invasions intensify the vulnerability outputs. At heart mitigating these challenges, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AM fungi) form crucial symbiotic relationship with most terrestrial plants, significantly enhancing their stress resilience. AM fungi improve nutrient uptake, particularly that nitrogen phosphorus, through extensive mycelial networks. Additionally, they enhance soil structure, increase water use efficiency, strengthen antioxidant defense mechanisms, in environments stressed by extreme contamination, Beyond stress, bolster plant defenses against pathogens pests competing for colonization sites immune responses. They also facilitate adaptation to conditions altering root morphology, modulating gene expression, promoting accumulation osmotic adjustment compounds. This review discusses role growth performance under stress.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Importance of Mycorrhizal Fungi and Their Associated Bacteria in Promoting Crops’ Performance: An Applicative Perspective DOI Creative Commons
Miriana Bortolot, Beatrice Buffoni,

Sonia Mazzarino

et al.

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(12), P. 1326 - 1326

Published: Dec. 11, 2024

Agricultural systems are particularly impacted by global climate change (CC), responsible for the introduction of multiple environmental stressors negatively affecting plant growth. Soil microbial communities crucial in agricultural practices, influencing crop performance and soil health. Human activities CC threaten biodiversity, leading to quality degradation decreasing health productivity. Among plant-beneficial microorganisms, mycorrhizal fungi widespread terrestrial ecosystems, including agroecosystems, they play a key role enhancing plants’ fitness resilience both abiotic biotic stresses. Therefore, exploring symbiosis sustainable agriculture has become increasingly critical. Moreover, application bioinoculants could reduce dependence on inorganic fertilizers, enhance yield, support plants overcoming This review, after briefly introducing taxonomy, morphology mechanisms supporting establishment, reports roles their associated bacteria improving nutrition mitigating CC-induced stresses such as drought salinity, also giving specific examples. The focus is arbuscular (AMF), but ericoid (ErM) considered promising microorganisms model. New emerging concepts illustrated, AMF hyphosphere acting preferential niche host growth-promoting potential ErM improve Ericaceae non-host plants, behaving endophytes. Finally, limitations mycorrhizal-based discussed possible alternatives chemical-based products. To this aim, ways overcome problems use proper formulations, systematic check propagule viability suitable agronomical practices field.

Language: Английский

Citations

0