Antioxidant Metabolism Pathways in Vitamins, Polyphenols, and Selenium: Parallels and Divergences

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(5), P. 2600 - 2600

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Free radicals (FRs) are unstable molecules that cause reactive stress (RS), an imbalance between oxygen and nitrogen species in the body its ability to neutralize them. These generated by both internal external factors can damage cellular lipids, proteins, DNA. Antioxidants prevent or slow down oxidation process interrupting transfer of electrons substances agents. This is particularly important at level because reactions lead formation FR contribute various diseases. As we age, RS accumulates leads organ dysfunction age-related disorders. Polyphenols; vitamins A, C, E; selenoproteins possess antioxidant properties may have a role preventing treating certain human diseases associated with RS. In this review, explore current evidence on potential benefits dietary supplementation investigate intricate connection SIRT1, crucial regulator aging longevity; transcription factor NRF2; polyphenols, vitamins, selenium. Finally, discuss positive effects molecules, such as reducing RS, their slowing several

Language: Английский

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Antitumor Mechanisms of Lycium barbarum Fruit: An Overview of In Vitro and In Vivo Potential

Life, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 420 - 420

Published: March 21, 2024

Lycium barbarum, known as goji berry or wolfberry, is a fruit long associated with health benefits, showing plethora of effects ranging from antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. Its potential attributed to the significant presence polysaccharides, glycopeptides, polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, their derivatives. These compounds effectively counteract action free radicals, positively influencing cellular balance intracellular signaling, contributing overall cell function acting on multiple molecular pathways. Several fractions extracted berries demonstrate antitumor properties, particularly effective against breast cancer, without cytotoxic normal human cells. Hence, review explored fundamental traits bioactive elements in barbarum cancer treatment and, specifically, cancer. It focused elucidating wolfberry’s influenced biochemical pathways, its synergism anticancer drugs, alleviate side existing treatments.

Language: Английский

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Michael Acceptors as Anti-Cancer Compounds: Coincidence or Causality?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(11), P. 6099 - 6099

Published: June 1, 2024

Michael acceptors represent a class of compounds with potential anti-cancer properties. They act by binding to nucleophilic sites in biological molecules, thereby disrupting cancer cell function and inducing death. This mode action, as well their ability be modified targeted, makes them promising avenue for advancing therapy. We are investigating the molecular mechanisms underlying interactions cells, particular interfere cellular processes induce apoptosis. The properties not accidental but due chemical structure reactivity. electrophilic nature these allows selectively target residues on disease-associated proteins, resulting significant therapeutic benefits minimal toxicity various diseases. opens up new perspectives development more effective precise drugs. Nevertheless, further studies essential fully understand impact our discoveries translate into clinical practice.

Language: Английский

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Electrophilic Compounds in the Human Diet and Their Role in the Induction of the Transcription Factor NRF2

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3521 - 3521

Published: March 20, 2024

The phrase “Let food be thy medicine…” means that can a form of medicine and food; in other words, the diet we eat have significant impact on our health well-being. Today, this is gaining prominence as more scientific evidence suggests one’s help prevent treat disease. A rich fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean protein reduce risk heart disease, cancer, diabetes, problems and, hand, processed foods, added sugars, saturated fats increase same diseases. Electrophilic compounds health, they are molecules covalently modify cysteine residues present thiol-rich Keap1 protein. These bind to activate NRF2, which promotes its translocation nucleus binding DNA ARE region, triggering antioxidant response protecting against oxidative stress. include polyphenols flavonoids nucleophilic but converted electrophilic quinones by metabolic enzymes such polyphenol oxidases (PPOs) sulfur foods Brassica genus (broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, Brussel sprouts, etc.) garlic. This review summarizes current knowledge subject.

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk Between Antioxidants and Adipogenesis: Mechanistic Pathways and Their Roles in Metabolic Health

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 203 - 203

Published: Feb. 10, 2025

The interplay between oxidative stress and adipogenesis is a critical factor in the development of obesity its associated metabolic disorders. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) disrupt key transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBPα), impairing lipid metabolism, promoting adipocyte dysfunction, exacerbating inflammation insulin resistance. Antioxidants, classified endogenous (e.g., glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase) exogenous polyphenols, flavonoids, vitamins C E), are pivotal mitigating these effects by restoring redox balance preserving functionality. Endogenous antioxidants neutralize ROS safeguard cellular structures; however, under heightened stress, defenses often insufficient, necessitating dietary supplementation. Exogenous derived from plant-based sources, polyphenols vitamins, act through direct scavenging, upregulation antioxidant enzymes, modulation signaling pathways like nuclear kappa B (NF-κB) PPARγ, reducing peroxidation, inflammation, dysfunction. Furthermore, they influence epigenetic regulation transcriptional networks to restore differentiation limit accumulation. Antioxidant-rich diets, including Mediterranean diet, strongly with improved health, reduced rates, enhanced sensitivity. Advances personalized therapies, guided biomarkers supported novel delivery systems, present promising avenues for optimizing therapeutic interventions. This review, "Crosstalk Between Antioxidants Adipogenesis: Mechanistic Pathways Their Role Metabolic Health", highlights mechanistic which regulate enhance health.

Language: Английский

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Unleashing the nutritional potential of Brassica microgreens: A case study on seed priming with Vermicompost

Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 475, P. 143281 - 143281

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Anticancer Activity of Metallodrugs and Metallizing Host Defense Peptides—Current Developments in Structure-Activity Relationship

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(13), P. 7314 - 7314

Published: July 3, 2024

This article provides an overview of the development, structure and activity various metal complexes with anti-cancer activity. Chemical researchers continue to work on development synthesis new molecules that could act as anti-tumor drugs achieve more favorable therapies. It is therefore important have information about chemotherapeutic substances their mode action. review focuses metallodrugs contain a key structural fragment, cisplatin paving way for application. The text also looks at ruthenium complexes, including therapeutic applications phosphorescent ruthenium(II) emphasizing dual role in therapy diagnostics. In addition, antitumor activities titanium gold derivatives, side effects, ongoing research improve efficacy reduce adverse effects are discussed. Metallization host defense peptides (HDPs) ions highlighted strategy significantly enhances anticancer by broadening mechanisms

Language: Английский

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The Bioactivity of a Hydroxytyrosol-Enriched Extract Originated after Direct Hydrolysis of Olive Leaves from Greek Cultivars

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 299 - 299

Published: Jan. 6, 2024

Nowadays, olive leaf polyphenols have been at the center of scientific interest due to their beneficial effects on human health. The most abundant polyphenol in leaves is oleuropein. biological properties oleuropein are mainly hydroxytyrosol moiety, a drastic catechol group, whose activity has mentioned many times literature. Hence, recent years, nutritional supplements, food products, and cosmetics enriched developed marketed, with unexpectedly positive results. However, concentration levels low, as it depends several agricultural factors. In this study, rapid easy methodology for production hydroxytyrosol-enriched extracts from was described. proposed method based direct acidic hydrolysis leaves, where extraction procedure carried out one step. Furthermore, we tested vitro bioactivity extract using cell-free cell-based methods, evaluating its antioxidant DNA-protective properties. Our results showed that produced after exerted significant geno-protective activity, potentially these could various applications pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic industries.

Language: Английский

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Anti-Aging Properties of Chitosan-Based Hydrogels Rich in Bilberry Fruit Extract

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 105 - 105

Published: Jan. 15, 2024

Photoaging is a process related to an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Polyphenols can scavenge free radicals in the body, which delay skin aging. Therefore, our work aimed prepare biologically active extract from dry fruits Vaccinium myrtillus or corymbosum and use it for preparation hydrogels topical application. eight different extracts (using V. extraction mixtures: methanol, methanol–water 1:1, water, acetone–water 1:1) were prepared their phytochemical (total polyphenolic content, total flavonoid anthocyanin content) biological properties (antioxidant, anti-hyaluronidase, anti-tyrosinase activity) assessed. Cytotoxicity towards HaCaT keratinocytes was also determined. Based on results, selected further study. Using Design Experiments approach, chitosan-based with bilberry fruit prepared. The content chitosan as independent factors. activity depended content; however, enzyme-inhibiting (anti-hyaluronidase anti-tyrosinase) resulted presence both chitosan. Increased concentration hydrogel base led viscosity and, consequently, slower release compounds. To get optimal characteristics, 1% 2.5% MMW utilized. research suggests validity using preparations anti-aging properties.

Language: Английский

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Phytochemical Analysis of Curry Leaf Extract (Murraya koenigii L.) as a Potential Animal Feed and Medicinal Ingredient

Pharmacognosy Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. 471 - 477

Published: May 10, 2024

Herbal plants have been used for centuries as traditional medicine to treat various diseases. Green generally contain phytochemical compounds, such vegetables and that add aroma dishes, one of which is curry leaves (Murraya Koenigii). This research aims identify the compounds contained in leaves. was carried out from August 2023 October 2023. The were obtained converted into extract form then tested content alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolics tannins. results showed leaf 23.73% 1.24% 8.74% 4.4% phenolics, 5.2% Alkaloids a role defense against biotic abiotic disorders. benefits flavonoids include anti-mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant anti-carcinogenic. Saponins health sector, including being able reduce cholesterol concentrations blood. Polyphenols good power because this group can provide electrons neutralize free radical formed body. Tannins also consist polyphenolic antibacterial, astringent activities. analysis regarding secondary metabolite play an important development future medicines need be knowledge public. study basis bioactive further expand use medicinal future, especially plants.

Language: Английский

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