Role of aptamer technology in extracellular vesicle biology and therapeutic applications

Nanoscale, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(24), P. 11457 - 11479

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell-derived nanosized membrane-bound that important intercellular signalling regulators in local cell-to-cell and distant cell-to-tissue communication. Their inherent capacity to transverse cell membranes transfer complex bioactive cargo reflective of their source, as well ability be modified through various engineering modification strategies, have attracted significant therapeutic interest. Molecular bioengineering strategies providing a new frontier for EV-based therapy, including novel mRNA vaccines, antigen cross-presentation immunotherapy, organ delivery repair, cancer immune surveillance targeted therapeutics. The revolution EVs, diversity biocarriers potential contribute communication, is understood appreciated but ultimately dependent on the development methods techniques isolation, characterization enhanced targeting. As single-stranded oligonucleotides, aptamers, also known chemical antibodies, offer biological, chemical, economic, advantages terms size, selectivity, versatility, multifunctional programming. integration into field EVs has been contributing detection, analysis pipelines associated with nano-meets-molecular biology, thus translating use diagnostic utility.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicle production by oral bacteria related to dental caries and periodontal disease: role in microbe-host and interspecies interactions

Critical Reviews in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 18

Published: Nov. 20, 2024

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell membrane-derived structures between 20-400 nm in size. In bacteria, EVs play a crucial role molecule secretion, wall biogenesis, cell-cell communication, biofilm development, and host-pathogen interactions. Despite these increasing reports of bacterial-derived vesicles, there remains limited number studies that summarize oral bacterial EVs, their cargo, main biological functions. Therefore, the aim this review is to present latest research on bacteria-derived how they can modulate various physiological pathological processes cavity, including pathogenesis highly relevant diseases such as dental caries periodontitis systemic complications. Overall, caries-associated bacteria (such

Language: Английский

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Multi-omics of extracellular vesicles: An integrative representation of functional mediators and perspectives on lung disease study

Frontiers in Bioinformatics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Feb. 9, 2023

Extracellular vesicles are secreted by almost all cell types. EVs include a broader component known as exosomes that participate in cell–cell and tissue–tissue communication via carrying diverse biological signals from one type or tissue to another. play roles messengers of the intercellular network mediate different physiological activities pathological changes. In particular, most natural carriers functional cargo such DNA, RNA, proteins, thus they relevant advancing personalized targeted therapies clinical practice. For application EVs, novel bioinformatic models methods based on high-throughput technologies multi-omics data required provide deeper understanding their biomedical characteristics. These qualitative quantitative representation for identifying markers, local cellular inference tracing origin production distant organ reconstruction targeting influential microenvironment transferable activators. Thus, this perspective paper introduces context provides an integrative viewpoint state current research applications.

Language: Английский

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Longitudinal Assessment of Circulating Tumor Cells and Outcome in Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Sub-Study of RASTEN—A Randomized Trial with Low Molecular Weight Heparin

Cancers, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(12), P. 3176 - 3176

Published: June 13, 2023

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may provide a liquid biopsy approach to disease monitoring in small cell lung cancer (SCLC), particularly aggressive subtype. Yet, the prognostic role of CTCs during and after treatment relation baseline remains ill-defined. Here, we assessed value longitudinal CTC analysis potential low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) reduce abundance SCLC patients from randomized trial (RASTEN). Blood samples were collected at baseline, before chemotherapy Cycle 3, 2-month follow-up 42 total, quantified using FDA-approved CellSearch system. We found gradual decline count treatment, independently addition LMWH standard therapy. Detectable correlated significantly reduced survival compared undetectable (unadjusted hazard ratio (HR) 2.75 (95% CI 1.05-7.20; p = 0.040)). Furthermore, persistent was associated with HR 4.22 1.20-14.91; 0.025). Our findings indicate that persistently detectable completion therapy offer further information CTC, suggesting for individualized management SCLC.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular Vesicles’ Role in the Pathophysiology and as Biomarkers in Cystic Fibrosis and COPD

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 228 - 228

Published: Dec. 23, 2022

In keeping with the extraordinary interest and advancement of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in pathogenesis diagnosis fields, we herein present an update to knowledge about their role cystic fibrosis (CF) chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although CF COPD stem from a different origin, one genetic other acquired, they share similar pathophysiology, being transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein implied both disorders. Various subsets EVs, comprised mainly microvesicles (MVs) exosomes (EXOs), are secreted by various cell types that either resident or attracted airways during onset progression lung disease, representing vehicle for metabolites, proteins RNAs (especially microRNAs), turn lead events as such neutrophil influx, overwhelming proteases (elastase, metalloproteases), oxidative stress, myofibroblast activation collagen deposition. Eventually, all these pathomechanisms inflammation, mucus overproduction, remodeling airways, fibrosis, thus operating complex interplay among cells tissues. The detection MVs EXOs blood biological fluids coming (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid sputum) allows consideration EVs cargoes promising biomarkers COPD, although clinical expectations have yet be fulfilled.

Language: Английский

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