Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 231, P. 116205 - 116205
Published: May 20, 2023
Language: Английский
Food Packaging and Shelf Life, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 41, P. 101227 - 101227
Published: Dec. 21, 2023
Polyethylene terephthalate is considered one of the most used and approved recycled plastic polymer as food contact materials (FCM); however, fundamental details arising from content PET trays in relation to processing conditions or extent recycling are not well understood. In present work, presence migration different series cyclic oligomers industrially were investigated using official simulant D1 at 40 °C for 10 days. The produced two facilities, extrusion technology, namely single twin-screw extruder. Tested packaging ratios virgin (vPET) (rPET), varying 0% up 100% w/w content. Analysis MALDI-TOF-MS revealed a decrease molecular weight distribution (Mw) rPET compared plastic. Untargeted screening with UHPLC-QTOF-MS, several intentionally added substances (IAS) non-intentionally (NIAS). results demonstrated differences into selected simulant, depending on rPET/vPET among applied technology applied. Following multivariate analysis, marker compounds found be benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP), lactate, dodecenamide, 2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, 2nd dimer 1st can compounds.
Language: Английский
Citations
10
Sustainability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(12), P. 5122 - 5122
Published: June 16, 2024
Globally, we produced 489 million tonnes of plastic in 2023 and recycled only 8.17%. This study navigates the landscape recycling practices, highlighting imperative to reevaluate upgrade industry-standard protocols. The central focus this is on integrating more robust traceability criteria advanced quality testing methodologies improve plastics with intrinsic value, particularly anticipation future market applications. investigation examines prevailing industry standard framework. It then assesses applicability those standards using technical datasheets for high-density polyethylene resin grades. proposes a paradigm shift toward sophisticated analytical approach. comprehensive framework aims transcend traditional evaluation. paper employs mixed methodological approach, including thematic analysis relevant regulations an in-depth literature review, address need operational quality. highlights that depends attributes determining functionality application suitability. While some properties are measured, conventional does not degradation level plastic. concludes broader considerations, emphasising model disclose material history composition. advocates industry-wide standards, prioritising testing. proposed enhancements grids improved understanding collectively contribute holistic framework, unlocking value
Language: Английский
Citations
3
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 148(20), P. 10843 - 10855
Published: Aug. 8, 2023
Abstract Physical recycling of plastics is among the most important approaches circular economy. The efficiency influenced by many factors including number cycles, composition plastics, chemical modifications, additives and others. Currently, however, there are no methods enabling to distinguish quality for recycling. In this work, we address issue suggest a new method based on correlation solely thermophysical properties polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste obtained using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) during repeated heating cooling. combination results advanced statistical enabled separate 76 PET samples into six groups according their origin, modification, degradation suitability discriminant analysis model which uses discrimination temperatures enthalpies melting crystallization. approach illustrates that properties, can be single DSC experiment, used polymers various origin quality.
Language: Английский
Citations
9
Published: July 2, 2024
The complexity of plastic polymers and even more so additives has increased enormously in recent years. This makes the high-quality recycling mixed waste considerably difficult. Some have now been strictly regulated or completely banned for good reasons ('legacy additives'). Material mechanical generally utilises old plastics that still contain these substances. Consequently, products are manufactured using such recyclates contaminated with harmful We therefore recommend avoiding use intensive contact consumers until further notice. also show climate policy challenges (and chemical) industry necessitate a defossilisation ('feedstock change'). turnaround can only succeed if solely takes place future; should primarily replace virgin plastics. work used high degree homogeneity known formulation collected separately, as is already case today PET bottles. In this context, we would like to point out inconsistencies current legislation on European emissions trading system.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 478, P. 135482 - 135482
Published: Aug. 10, 2024
New high-density polyethylene (HDPE) manufactured from different percentage of post-consumer recycled HDPE milk bottles was studied through two static and dynamic migration tests using saliva simulant to assess the potential hazard children. Sixty-nine compounds were identified, including several additives used in PE synthesis such as alkanes, alkenes, antioxidants plasticizers well non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) like degradation products 2,6-di-tert-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, phenol, 2,5-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyacetophenone, or various residues flavoring agents, cleaning essential oils. Some these isomers p o t-butylcyclohexyl acetate, 3-Octanol, 3,7-dimethyl- thujanol acetate (3-) pose a risk children, their concentrations exceed recommended Cramer values for high percentages recycling. This suggests improving recycling processes by incorporating advanced remove residual contaminants.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(6)
Published: Nov. 1, 2024
Food packaging is essential for preserving food safety and quality while also addressing environmental concerns. Designers are at the forefront of developing solutions that not only meet functional requirements but align with evolving consumer preferences sustainability To inform designers, this paper discusses fundamental principles technology, encompassing aspects such as preservation, distribution, marketing, usability, disposal. It provides examples innovations in active smart packaging, nanotechnology, material biodegradability, recyclability, well strategies to reduce waste. By providing future designers knowledge these insights, we hope encourage them contribute needs consumers environment.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. e23620 - e23620
Published: Dec. 13, 2023
The use of post-consumer recycled (PCR) polymers in food contact materials (FCMs) can facilitate achieving a circular economy by reducing environmental waste and landfill accumulation. This study aimed to identify potentially harmful substances, including non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) unapproved intentionally (IAS), polyolefin samples from material recovery facilities using gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry. Selected phthalates bisphenols were quantified targeted tandem analysis detected 9 compounds virgin 52 different alcohols, hydrocarbons, phenols aromatic, phthalates, organic acids, per- polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) PCR polymers. Cramer classification system was used assesses the Threshold Toxicological Concern associated with compounds. sample showed slightly higher proportion Class III (48.08 %) than (44.44 %), indicating toxicity potential. Quantification only BPA (2.88 ± 0.53 μg/g), BPS (5.12 0.003 BPF (3.42 0.01 BADGE (4.638 μg/g). Phthalate concentrations samples, highest levels as DIDP, at 6.18 0.31 μg/g for 6.04 0.02 virgin. provides critical understanding safety potential risks polyolefins sources applications.
Language: Английский
Citations
6
Waste and Biomass Valorization, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(4), P. 2313 - 2322
Published: Oct. 21, 2023
Abstract Purpose This study aimed to investigate the digestion process of biodegradable and non-biodegradable microplastics (MPs) within black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) assess their impact on larval growth development. The goal was understand fate MPs BSFL, considering potential for waste conversion polluted with MPs. Methods BSFL were exposed two types MPs, growth, development, accumulation excretion monitored. Results findings revealed that accumulated solely in gut had no adverse effects development BSFL. Larvae efficiently excreted before reaching pupation stage. Conclusion research emphasizes as a bioconversion agent organic waste, even presence effective by suggests ability mitigate harm caused MP accumulation. fact may excrete would contribute safe use animal feedstock. A careful evaluation using reared contaminated substrates especially containing visually non-detectable residuals like nanoplastics, chemicals or toxic metals further examination broader implications management sustainable livestock farming remains important. Graphical Experimental design outlining workflow analyses used effect microplastics, polyamide (PA), polylactic acid (PLA), larvae.
Language: Английский
Citations
4
Food and Chemical Toxicology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 187, P. 114597 - 114597
Published: March 15, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 76(9-10), P. 371 - 381
Published: July 29, 2024
Citations
1