A comprehensive review on botany, chemical composition and the impacts of heat processing and dehydration on the aroma formation of fresh carrot

Food Chemistry X, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22, P. 101201 - 101201

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Carrots as a representative type of delicious and healthy vegetables has become increasingly popular due to its unique flavors nutritional value. Vast amount research been completed on chemical composition aroma profile fresh carrot. However, the knowledge carrot is only scattered. Therefore, more comprehensive review requisite be reported. This first classifies basis color; then, ingredients their various functions are discussed. The volatile constituents effects terpenoids profiles also Finally, sources variation in formation development through heat processing analyzed. information will further help researchers solve problem insufficient products standardize for each improving production process.

Language: Английский

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Agri-Food Surplus, Waste and Loss as Sustainable Biobased Ingredients: A Review

Molecules, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 27(16), P. 5200 - 5200

Published: Aug. 15, 2022

Ensuring a sustainable supply of food for the world’s fast growing population is major challenge in today’s economy, as modern lifestyle and increasing consumer concern with maintaining balanced nutritious diet an important agricultural sector worldwide. This market niche healthier products, especially fruits vegetables, has increased their production, consequently resulting amounts agri-food surplus, waste, loss (SWL) generated during crop transportation, storage, processing. Although many these materials are not utilized, negatively affecting environmental, economic, social segments, they rich source valuable compounds that could be used different purposes, thus preventing losses natural resources boosting circular economy. review aimed to give insights on efficient management SWL, considering conventional emerging recovery reuse techniques. Particularly, we explored summarized chemical composition three worldwide cultivated consumed vegetables (carrots, broccoli lettuce) evaluate potential residues alternative extracting value-added ingredients development new biodynamic products.

Language: Английский

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Effect of L-Tryptophan and L-Glutamic Acid on Carrot Yield and Its Quality

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(2), P. 562 - 562

Published: Feb. 15, 2023

Positively affecting crop quality and yields, amino acids used as plant stimulants play a special role in ensuring global food security. L-tryptophan (L-Try) L-glutamic acid (L-Glu) are important biostimulants that increase the yield of field crops vegetables. Carrot is one most vegetables due to its production volume world (sixth consumed vegetable) nutritional value. The response different species application varies. literature mainly deals with effects ready-made products containing mixture several acids, no exhaustive studies on individual carrot yield. This paper based two-year experiment (2019–2020), which effect two L-Trp (7.5 g·ha−1) L-Glu (60.0 g·ha−1), (Daucus carota L.) was investigated. They were applied leaves (FA) or both soil (S + FA), separately, (L-Trp L-Glu) L-Glu). control plot treated mineral fertilizers only. research conducted split-block design. storage roots their content dry matter, protein, sugars, total soluble solids (TSS), ascorbic determined. positively affected carrots compared control, but only synergistic action increased it significantly. On average, for S FA protein marketable significantly more than treatment. A significant found after combined foliar FA) all combinations, worked best. grown contained TSS those plot. also by own, while acid. Amino sugars when FA). Of treatment made possible obtain highest yields roots, solids.

Language: Английский

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Morphological Profile and Seed Yield Ability of Polignano and Tiggiano Carrot Landraces: Steps Toward Registration as Conservation Varieties

Horticulturae, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 199 - 199

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Several Apulian (Southern Italy) vegetable landraces are considered at risk of genetic erosion, constituting an issue for the loss important traits. ‘Tiggiano’ and ‘Polignano’ carrots two landraces, noteworthy their historical, cultural, agricultural significance. In this research, both morphological traits seed yield ability these were evaluated, aiming to potentially register them commercialization as a tool valorization. The data according ‘International Union Protection New Varieties Plants’ guideline evidenced clear distinction between landraces. However, great variability observed in certain characters represents obstacle registration national variety register, except Conservation one. showed average about 63 106 g/plant, equating 1258 2116 kg/ha. Average germination rates 79.7 85.8%, respectively, carrots. conclusion, registering local varieties could enhance appreciation, encourage sustainable cultivation, help mitigate erosion while boosting economic cultural value.

Language: Английский

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Morphological and Biochemical Variation in Carrot Genetic Resources Grown under Open Field Conditions: The Selection of Functional Genotypes for a Breeding Program

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 553 - 553

Published: Feb. 23, 2022

Carrot (Daucus carota), one of the most economically important root vegetables, shows a wide range morphological and biochemical diversity. However, there is lack simultaneous systematic study regarding composition characteristics in carrot genetic resources, which crucial for crop improvement. For this reason, characteristics, carotenoids, free sugar content 180 resources grown open field conditions from March to June 2020 were accessed select lines potential breeding program. Altogether, 15 qualitative 4 quantitative agronomical evaluated grouped into four categories based on color (orange, yellow, white, purple). Three carotenoids (lutein, α-carotene, β-carotene) three sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose) also analyzed. The results revealed variation both traits. Most orange (n = 142), followed by white 16), yellow 14), purple 8). Carotenoid profile highly dependent showed variability, while independent color. Alpha- β- carotene major carrots representing 43.3 41.0% total carotenoids. In contrast, lutein was dominant other colored (79.7–98.6% carotenoids). sucrose sugar, glucose fructose. that some elevated carotenoid content. diversity observed might be useful improving agronomic traits programs.

Language: Английский

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Influence of Root Color and Tissue on Phytochemical Contents and Antioxidant Activities in Carrot Genotypes

Foods, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 120 - 120

Published: Dec. 26, 2022

This study monitored changes in major carotenoids (lutein, ⍺-carotene, and β-carotene), free sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose), ascorbic acid, vitamin E, phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, β-sitosterol), fatty acid composition, total phenol content (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), anthocyanin content, antioxidant activities (AA); ferric-reducing power (FRAP) 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6sulfonic acid) [ABTS] assays, the inner outer root tissues of nine carrot genotypes with orange, white, purple roots. The results showed a differential accumulation bioactive compounds depending on tissue color. Carotenoids, sugars, phytosterol contents were higher orange roots than other genotypes. Ascorbic TPC, TFC, anthocyanin, AA highest purple-colored carrots while E was white/purple carrots. Root color highly related to individual carotenoids, isomers, most prominently among analyzed AA. Free sugar carotenoid relatively tissues. Furthermore, statistically or similar when compared all In contrast, trends inconsistent between tissues, genotype. Although composition affected by both tissue, not significant. Thus, phytochemical profile dependent may be useful food processing pharmaceutical industries for extraction targeted compounds.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of Borage (Borago officinalis L.) Genotypes for Nutraceutical Value Based on Leaves Fatty Acids Composition

Foods, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 16 - 16

Published: Dec. 22, 2021

Borage (Borago officinalis L.) is a traditional vegetable grown and consumed in some Spanish regions. The objective of this study was to determine the variability evolution fatty acid composition borage germplasm collection formed by wild types, breeding lines, commercial varieties, landraces. Fatty acids were analysed petioles, commonly edible part leaves, leaf blades, by-product industry, two growth stages: at optimal harvest period (120 days after sowing) end (150 sowing). results showed that for each eight identified, there significant differences among twelve genotypes depending on developmental plant stage sampling date analysed, interaction effect also being statistically significant. main polyunsaturated identified were: linoleic (18:2 n6, LA), α-linolenic (18:3 n3, ALA), γ-linolenic GLA), stearidonic (SDA, 18:4, n-3), account approximately 70% acids. Blue-flowered differ from white-flowered their high content ALA SDA, which can be exploited programs. Petioles young plants present higher n6 acids, while older produce great amount n3 Besides, blades gives them good dietary potential. All these with multiple health benefits, support nutraceutical interest leaves (both petioles blades) human consumption, animal feeding, medicine, pharmacy.

Language: Английский

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Influence of environmental conditions on the production of nutraceuticals in Italian edible plant landraces

Food Research International, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 165, P. 112483 - 112483

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Autochthonous plant varieties, also referred to as landraces, represent an important genetic resource, being well-adapted the environment in which they have been selected. Landraces usually show profiles rich nutraceuticals, making them effective and valuable alternative commercial agri-products, well potential candidates for crop improvement programs. Basilicata region is recognized Italian hotspot agrobiodiversity, due its complex orography. Thus, this work aimed characterize monitor, two successive years, content of secondary metabolites related antioxidant properties seven different species, four officinal (i.e., wild fennel - Feoniculum vulgare Mill.; oregano Origanum L.; thyme Thymus vulgaris valerian Valeriana officinalis L.) three fruit species fig Ficus carica L. cv. Dottato; sweet cherry Prunus avium Majatica; plum domestica Cascavella Gialla), collected sites region. In detail, spectrophotometric tests were performed assess concentration phenolic compounds, flavonoids, – plants terpenoids, together with antiradical activity (FRAP assays). addition, better typify phytocomplexes these HPLC-DAD GC–MS analyses carried out. general, showed higher values nutraceutical compounds bioactivity respect species. The data how accessions same had phytochemical profiles, according sampling area year collection, suggesting a role both environmental factors determining observed results. Therefore, final goal research was find possible correlation between nutraceutics. greatest found valerian, where lower water intake seemed lead accumulation antioxidants, plum, flavonoid correlated positively high temperatures. All outcomes contribute at valorising landraces their aptitude be high-quality foods and, time, promoting preservation agrobiodiversity

Language: Английский

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Exploitation of tolerance to drought stress in carrot (Daucus carota L.): an overview

Stress Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Dec. 11, 2023

Abstract Drought stress is a significant environmental factor that adversely affects the growth and development of carrot ( Daucus carota L.), resulting in reduced crop yields quality. induces range physiological biochemical changes carrots, including germination, hindered cell elongation, wilting, disrupted photosynthetic efficiency, ultimately leading to stunted decreased root development. Recent research has focused on understanding molecular mechanisms underlying carrot's response drought stress, identifying key genes transcription factors involved tolerance. Transcriptomic proteomic analyses have provided insights into regulatory networks signaling pathways adaptation. Among processes, water scarcity alters antioxidant levels, osmolytes, hormones. This review provides an overview effects carrots highlights recent advances stress-related studies this crop. Some developing strategies for mitigation are crucial ensuring sustainable production face changing climate conditions. However, plant's essential improve its tolerance ensure food security regions affected by drought.

Language: Английский

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Response of Carrots (Daucus carota) on the Growth, Yield, and Nutritional Composition to Varying Poultry Manure Rates

Agricultural Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(4), P. 841 - 850

Published: April 15, 2024

Abstract Carrot cultivation in south-eastern Nigeria could reduce the need to transport carrots from northern regions. To explore this, a field experiment with three replications was carried out Nsukka, Nigeria, focusing on four carrot varieties (Carotte Touchon, Touchon Mega, Super and France) poultry manure rates (0, 10, 20 t ha −1 ). The study revealed that Carotte had highest root production (11.6 ) of manure, followed by 7.5 at 10 , while Mega lowest yield (1.4 control group. Proximate quality mostly unaffected varieties, except for fat content. found significant variations vitamins A, C, E, phytochemicals (phytate, tannins, oxalate), minerals (Fe, Mg, Na, K) among although no impact Zn Ca observed. This research suggests have substantial growth potential offering solution vitamin mineral deficiencies prevalent this area. Additionally, either or is recommended optimal region.

Language: Английский

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