Point pattern and spatial analyses using archaeological and environmental data – A case study from the Neolithic Carpathian Basin

Journal of Archaeological Science Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 47, P. 103747 - 103747

Published: Nov. 23, 2022

Computational methods recently gained momentum in archaeological science, particularly affecting large site distribution samples and environmental explanatory parameters. However, quantitative archaeology are still considered to be limited a small number of experts thus less ready use general research. Here, we present case study that integrates computational data into spatial analyses using Point Pattern Analysis (PPA). We introduce basic approach model, visualise, interpret distributions as functions covariates regional setting the Neolithic period Carpathian Basin. The integration socio-cultural variables multicomponent analysis allows distinguish location parameters preferences across different chronological periods. Using code this article open-access data, workflow can adapted contexts periods, making it suitable for pattern comparison.

Language: Английский

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Remaking the Late Holocene Environment of Western Uganda: Archaeological Perspectives on Kansyore and Later Settlers

African Archaeological Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 9, 2024

Abstract Archaeological and environmental research by an international interdisciplinary team opens new perspectives into the settlement histories of Kansyore, Early Iron Age, Bigo period peoples in once forested regions Ndali Crater Lakes Region (NCLR) western Uganda. The examines role Kansyore agropastoralists their Age Bantu-speaking contemporaries remaking a environment forest-savannah mosaic from circa 500 BC to end first millennium AD. subsistence evidence is examined within framework social interaction Sudanic speakers with Bantu speakers, drawing on historical linguistics studies arrive at synthesis late Holocene history This perspective also unveils significance chronology Boudiné ware, long enigmatic ceramic tradition that we identify as contemporary Transitional Urewe deeply influenced through interactions those making ceramics inhabiting same landscape. Using archaeological fifteen sites multiple burials spanning 400 1650 calAD, views histories, lifeways, symbolic values are revealed, including settlements arose what was refugium beginning early fourteenth century shows region east Rwenzori Mountains had greater affinities Equatoria, southern South Sudan, Island, Uganda, than it does eastern Kenya.

Language: Английский

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Coastal Archaeology and Historical Ecology for a Changing Planet

Journal of Anthropological Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 79(2), P. 153 - 175

Published: April 10, 2023

Our ocean planet is home to diverse marine environments and organisms that played an important role in human evolution ecology. Today, coastal ecosystems are dramatically degraded threatened by climate change, habitat destruction, overfishing, more, leaving key questions about the future of increasingly unstable times. Archaeology provides perspectives on past people's shaping influencing prior dramatic changes postindustrial era. Drawing archaeological research from California Coast Chesapeake Bay, I explore how understanding long-term interactions with can help address contemporary environmental challenges better prepare us for uncertain future. Although clear examples guiding present-day biological conservation management policy limited, there signs success. These include collaboration Indigenous communities; growing recognition biologists, ecologists, other scientists significance historical ecological perspectives; continued emphasis links between social justice.

Language: Английский

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Archaeogenetics and Landscape Dynamics in Sicily during the Holocene: A Review

Sustainability, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(17), P. 9469 - 9469

Published: Aug. 24, 2021

The Mediterranean islands and their population history are of considerable importance to the interpretation Europe as a whole. In this context, Sicily, because its geographic position, represents bridge between Africa, Near East, that led stratification settlements admixture events. genetic analysis extant ancient human samples has tried reconstruct dynamics associated with cultural demographic changes took place during prehistory Sicily. turn, genetic, need be understood in context environmental over Holocene. Based on framework, paper aims discuss dimension island by reviewing archaeogenetic studies, lastly, we ecological constraints related peopling times change landscapes occurred various periods. Finally, possible directions for future studies Sicily discussed. Despite long history, is still one world’s biodiversity hotspots. lessons learn from past use landscape provide models sustainable management Mediterranean’s landscapes.

Language: Английский

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Pearl Fisheries in South Asia: Archaeological Evidence from Pre-Colonial and Colonial Shell Middens around the Gulf of Mannar in Sri Lanka

International Journal of Historical Archaeology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 16, 2024

Abstract This study investigates pre-colonial and colonial-era pearl fisheries in Sri Lanka using archaeological data from the Gulf of Mannar (GoM). Following surface surveys, test pits were excavated three oyster middens one coastal settlement. The archaeomalacological molluscan remains confirms that ( Pinctada fucata ) was predominant species exploited, providing a clear picture bank ecosystems used at industrial level. Morphometric analysis oysters allows for an assessment exploitation pressure. Ceramic radiocarbon analyses date high impact industry tenth to nineteenth centuries. by-catch fauna provides insight into over time. These findings highlight extractions on single species.

Language: Английский

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Legacies of childhood learning for climate change adaptation

Global Environmental Change, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 87, P. 102878 - 102878

Published: July 1, 2024

Using archaeological, historical, and ethnographic analysis of Norse Inuit toys miniatures, this paper argues that legacies childhood learning can create limits to climatic change adaptation provide lessons from the past relevant today. In Medieval Greenland, children played with objects would have familiarised them expected norms behaviours farming, household activities, sailing conflict, but not hunting, which was a key omission given fundamental importance wild resources successful in Greenland after climate shocks mid-13th century. The restricted range combined an instructional form suggests high degree path dependence limited change, we know settlement ended conjunctures 15th century included change. children, by contrast, learnt highly adapted technologies through taught locally tuned hunting skills. approaches prioritised unstructured time aided development creative skills problem-solving capabilities, successfully navigated changes Little Ice Age Greenland. This insight has implications for our 21st unfolding crisis. Innovative teaching context could effective solutions, on timescale commensurate projected impacts.

Language: Английский

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Why are sustainable practices often elusive? The role of information flow in the management of networked human-environment interactions

Global Environmental Change, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 78, P. 102597 - 102597

Published: Nov. 8, 2022

Analyzing the spatial and temporal properties of information flow with a multi-century perspective could illuminate sustainability human resource-use strategies. This paper uses historical archaeological datasets to assess how spatial, temporal, cognitive, cultural limitations impact generation about ecosystems within past societies, thus lead tradeoffs in sustainable practices. While it is well understood that conflicting priorities can inhibit successful outcomes, case studies from Eastern Polynesia, North Atlantic, American Southwest suggest imperfect also be major impediment sustainability. We formally develop conceptual model Environmental Information Flow Perception (EnIFPe) examine scale society quality needed promote coupled natural-human systems. In our studies, we key aspects by focusing on food web relationships nutrient flows socio-ecological systems, as life cycles, population dynamics, seasonal rhythms organisms, patterns timing species' migration, trajectories human-induced environmental change. argue dimensions environments shape society's ability wield information, while acknowledging varied factors focus act such information. Our analyses demonstrate analytical importance completed experiments past, their utility for contemporary debates concerning managing addressing modern management resource use.

Language: Английский

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Weaving Together Knowledge Through Collaborative Archaeological Research in the Shúhtagot'ine Cultural Landscape

Mountain Research and Development, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 42(4)

Published: Dec. 30, 2022

We describe collaborative archaeological research on caribou hunting sites in the homeland of Shúhtagot'ine central Mackenzie Mountains Canada's Northwest Territories. Elders and cultural resource managers are working together to investigate important places that at risk destruction from climate-driven landscape changes. use 3 case studies illustrate how knowledge production context long-term, place-based has led key insights about ancestral sites, including perennial alpine ice patches wood structures, is being mobilized help conserve values landscape. Archaeological promotes sustainability Indigenous landscapes through preservation heritage, via recall “landscape memories,” by unlocking archives ancient biological material. The process coproduction mutually beneficial for all participants, especially when youth brought fieldwork settings.

Language: Английский

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Climate and environmental change perceptions

Routledge eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 109 - 123

Published: Dec. 14, 2023

In the middle of Mediterranean sea, historically characterised by large spatial and temporal climate variability, island Sicily, a unique ethnic cultural crossroad for millennia, has not been spared global warming environmental change. On island, remote rural areas suffer today severe progressive degradation their biocultural heritage, accompanied serious marginalisation due to contrasting simultaneous processes depopulation land abandonment on one side agricultural intensification other. This chapter looks at changes as reported locals in these areas, Morello Valley, fluvial system central compares local observations with temperature rainfall data collected nearest meteorological stations. Then, inspired historical ecology, discusses results longer-term reconstruction climatic, environmental, societal past this part covering entire Holocene. Conclusions highlight importance taking into account both different scales when approaching discourse, constructs derived from socio-cultural events, contemporary place-based perceptions.

Language: Английский

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The Harvesting Memories Project: Historical ecology and landscape changes of the Sicani Mountains in Sicily

Ecocycles, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 51 - 60

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

The Harvesting Memories project aims to investigate the historical landscape dynamics in an inner area of Sicani Mountains district Western Sicily (Contrada Castro, Corleone-Palermo). interdisciplinary approach allowed us combine and integrate methods from different disciplines such as ecology, archaeology, archaeobotany GIS-based spatial analysis. In this paper some results have been summarized. comparison between land mosaic change during last 60 years, relationship site catchment suitability correlation archaeobotanical phytosociological data. This underlined relevance ecology for understanding trajectories planning strategy suitable development rural areas.

Language: Английский

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