Biosensors,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(12), P. 525 - 525
Published: Dec. 20, 2021
The
eutrophication
of
lakes
and
rivers
without
adequate
rainfall
leads
to
excessive
growth
cyanobacterial
harmful
algal
blooms
(CyanoHABs)
that
produce
toxicants,
green
tides,
unpleasant
odors.
rapid
CyanoHABs
owing
global
warming,
climate
change,
the
development
rainforests
dams
considering
environmental
concern
towards
is
a
serious
issue.
Humans
livestock
consuming
toxicant-contaminated
water
originated
from
suffer
severe
health
problems.
Among
various
toxicants
produced
by
CyanoHABs,
microcystins
(MCs)
are
most
harmful.
Excess
accumulation
MC
within
living
organisms
can
result
in
liver
failure
hepatocirrhosis,
eventually
leading
death.
Therefore,
it
essential
precisely
detect
MCs
samples.
To
date,
liquid
chromatography-mass
spectrometry
(LC-MS)
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assay
(ELISA)
have
been
standard
methods
for
detection
provide
precise
results
with
high
reliability.
However,
these
require
heavy
instruments
complicated
operation
steps
could
hamper
portability
field-readiness
system.
order
this
goal
be
achieved,
biosensor
has
attracted
powerful
alternative
detection.
Thus
far,
several
types
proposed
freshwater
sample.
introduction
material
useful
option
improve
performance
construct
new
biosensors.
Introducing
nanomaterials
interface
provides
phenomena
or
enhances
sensitivity.
In
recent
times,
different
nanomaterials,
such
as
metallic,
carbon-based,
transition
metal
dichalcogenide-based
developed
used
fabricate
biosensors
This
study
reviews
advancements
nanomaterial-based
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: May 14, 2024
The
present
study
assessed
the
effective
use
of
biochar
for
adsorption
two
potent
HAB
toxins
namely,
Microcystin-LR
(MCLR)
and
Saxitoxin
(STX)
through
a
combination
dosage,
kinetic,
equilibrium,
initial
pH,
competitive
experiments.
results
suggest
that
has
excellent
capabilities
removing
MCLR
STX,
with
STX
reporting
higher
capacities
(622.53-3507.46
µg/g).
removal
required
minimal
dosage
0.02
g/L,
while
needed
0.4
g/L
>
90%.
Similarly,
shorter
contact
time
was
compared
to
90%
toxin
removed
from
water.
Initial
pH
revealed
acidic
conditions
favored
uptake
basic
conditions.
Kinetic
studies
Elovich
model
be
most
suitable
both
toxins,
also
showed
fittings
Pseudo-First
Order
Pseudo-Second
in
individual
systems.
suited
kinetic
presence
each
other.
Isotherm
confirmed
Langmuir-Freundlich
as
best
fit
toxins.
These
mechanisms
including
pore
filling,
hydrogen
bonding,
π-π
interactions,
hydrophobic
electrostatic
attraction,
dispersive
interactions.
Toxins,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(6), P. 263 - 263
Published: June 7, 2024
Harmful
algal
bloom
(HAB)
formation
leads
to
the
eutrophication
of
water
ecosystems
and
may
render
recreational
lakes
unsuitable
for
human
use.
We
evaluated
applicability
comparison
metabarcoding,
metagenomics,
qPCR,
ELISA-based
methods
cyanobacteria/cyanotoxin
detection
in
non-bloom
sites
Great
Lakes
region.
DNA
sequencing-based
robustly
identified
differences
between
samples
(e.g.,
relative
prominence
Anabaena
Planktothrix).
Shotgun
sequencing
strategies
also
enrichment
metabolic
genes
typical
cyanobacteria
samples,
though
toxin
were
not
detected,
suggesting
deeper
or
PCR
be
needed
detect
low-abundance
genes.
ELISA
indicated
microcystin
levels
gene
copies
significantly
more
abundant
sites.
However,
all
positive
microcystin,
possibly
due
development
by
non-toxin-producing
species.
Additionally,
correlated
(positively)
with
copy
number
but
total
cyanobacterial
16S
copies.
In
summary,
next-generation
can
identify
specific
taxonomic
functional
targets,
which
used
absolute
quantification
(qPCR
ELISA)
augment
conventional
monitoring
strategies.
Toxicology Reports,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
13, P. 101798 - 101798
Published: Nov. 5, 2024
Cyanotoxins
are
primarily
produced
by
different
species
of
cyanobacteria,
also
known
as
blue-green
algae,
and
have
appeared
to
be
environmental
poisons
that
various
toxic
effects
on
animal
health,
including
humans.
been
linked
the
development
promotion
multiple
cancers
in
recent
studies.
Important
cyanotoxins,
such
microcystins,
nodularins,
cylindrospermopsin,
found
play
significant
roles
developing
promoting
cancers.
These
toxins
generally
responsible
for
oxidative
stress,
DNA
damage,
disrupt
cellular
signaling
pathways
thus
cells.
Cancer
is
a
multistep
process
caused
mutations
normal
Microcystin-LR
inhibits
protein
phosphatases
(PP1
PP2A),
which
leads
abnormal
cell
proliferation
tumor
development.
Similar
inhibition
PP1
PP2A
shown
nodularin,
fact,
their
mechanism
carcinogenesis
same
microcystins
Separations,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
9(10), P. 319 - 319
Published: Oct. 20, 2022
Vegetables
and
fruits
can
potentially
accumulate
cyanotoxins
after
water
contaminated
with
cyanobacteria
is
used
for
irrigation.
We
developed
validated
an
analytical
method
to
quantify
eight
microcystin
congeners
(MCs)
nodularin
(NOD)
using
ultra
high-performance
liquid
chromatography
coupled
tandem
mass
spectrometry
(UHPLC-MS/MS)
in
three
different
matrices.
Strawberries,
carrots
lettuce
are
selected
as
model
matrices
represent
the
fruits/berries,
leafy
root
vegetables,
sequentially.
The
validation
of
a
UHPLC-MS/MS
strawberry
matrix
novel.
Matrix
effects
observed
all
Our
methodology
uses
matrix-matched
calibration
curves
compensate
effect.
implementation
our
on
103
samples,
containing
nine
sorts
vegetables
from
Belgian
market,
showed
no
presence
MCs
or
NOD.
However,
recoveries
quality
controls
effectiveness
method,
illustrating
that
use
this
future
research
monitoring
well
official
food
fruit
vegetable
valid.
Biosensors,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(12), P. 525 - 525
Published: Dec. 20, 2021
The
eutrophication
of
lakes
and
rivers
without
adequate
rainfall
leads
to
excessive
growth
cyanobacterial
harmful
algal
blooms
(CyanoHABs)
that
produce
toxicants,
green
tides,
unpleasant
odors.
rapid
CyanoHABs
owing
global
warming,
climate
change,
the
development
rainforests
dams
considering
environmental
concern
towards
is
a
serious
issue.
Humans
livestock
consuming
toxicant-contaminated
water
originated
from
suffer
severe
health
problems.
Among
various
toxicants
produced
by
CyanoHABs,
microcystins
(MCs)
are
most
harmful.
Excess
accumulation
MC
within
living
organisms
can
result
in
liver
failure
hepatocirrhosis,
eventually
leading
death.
Therefore,
it
essential
precisely
detect
MCs
samples.
To
date,
liquid
chromatography-mass
spectrometry
(LC-MS)
enzyme-linked
immunosorbent
assay
(ELISA)
have
been
standard
methods
for
detection
provide
precise
results
with
high
reliability.
However,
these
require
heavy
instruments
complicated
operation
steps
could
hamper
portability
field-readiness
system.
order
this
goal
be
achieved,
biosensor
has
attracted
powerful
alternative
detection.
Thus
far,
several
types
proposed
freshwater
sample.
introduction
material
useful
option
improve
performance
construct
new
biosensors.
Introducing
nanomaterials
interface
provides
phenomena
or
enhances
sensitivity.
In
recent
times,
different
nanomaterials,
such
as
metallic,
carbon-based,
transition
metal
dichalcogenide-based
developed
used
fabricate
biosensors
This
study
reviews
advancements
nanomaterial-based
